
REPUBLICAN CAMPAIGN TEXT BOOK 

Patriotism — Protection—Prosperity 


" You do not have to guess what the Republican Party will do. 
The world knows its purposes. It has embodied them in law 
and executed them in administration "— WILLIAM McKINLEY 


JOHN R. MC FETRIDGE A SONS. PHILA. 




















































































































































































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A 


CAMPAIGN TEXT BOOK 


FOR 1914 


PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY 

OF THE 

REPUBLICAN STATE COMMITTEE 

OF 

PENNSYLVANIA 


WILLIAM E. CROW W. HARRY BAKER 

CHAIRMAN SECRETARY 

CHARLES JOHNSON 

TREASURER 



REPUBLICAN STATE COMMITTEE HEADQUARTERS 
329 SOUTH BROAD STREET 
PHILADELPHIA 










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THE CAMPAIGN AND ITS ISSUES. 


WHY THE VOTERS OF PENNSYLVANIA SHOULD 
SUPPORT THE CANDIDATES AND POLICIES 
OF THE REPUBLICAN PARTY. 

The Republican Party in Pennsylvania enters the campaign of 
1914 with entire confidence that the verdict of the people will 
be an unmistakable indorsement of its policies and candidates. 
In no other State is dissatisfaction over the administration of 
public affairs by the Democratic Party more clearly apparent. 
For the protective tariff policy through which Pennsylvania 
achieved its position of supremacy in the industrial world, the 
Democratic Party has substituted a free trade tariff system. 
The destructive effects of such a system appear on every hand. 

For the first time in the history of this country the people in 
times of peace must bear the burden of war taxes. 

The Wilson administration and the Democratic tariff act have 
taken away the home market for home products to such an 
extent that the foreign exporter to the United States is rapidly 
becoming the principal factor in American business. Mr. Wil¬ 
son and his dismal tariff bill has: 

Allowed free importation from Argentine of nearly $12,000,000 
worth of beef and about $3,000,000 worth of mutton and pork. 

Allowed the free importation of over 50,000,000 dozen of eggs 
from China. 

Allowed free importation of such enormous quantities of but¬ 
ter from New Zealand and elsewhere that the Pacific Coast 
market was glutted and the butter was sold so freely in Montana 

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that for the first time in history Montana butter producers had 
to sell some of their product outside of the State. 

Allowed free importation of live stock from Canada to Pacific 
Coast points to an extent that has reversed the trend of recent 
years and is making Pacific Coast points a poorer instead of 
a better market for Montana producers. 


DESTRUCTIVE EFFECTS OF DEMOCRATIC TARIFF. . 

Allowed importation of structural iron and steel until Ameri¬ 
can mills are running at less than 60 per cent, of their capacity, 
with over 200,000 steel and iron workers out of jobs. 

Allowed British mills to capture the market on steel cotton 
ties for the Southern States; it has allowed Texas to buy its 
street railroad equipment in Birmingham and has permitted 
British mills practically to monopolize the Pacific Coast markets 
for steel and iron. 

Scores of other instances of the ruinous operation of the 
Democratic tariff can be shown. 

Alarmed at the results of the blunders of his administration 
and the record being piled up by the tariff act against the Demo¬ 
crats, President Wilson has been holding conferences at the 
White House with various big business men, in an effort to make 
the country believe that he is solicitous for the welfare of “busi¬ 
ness,” and hoping by these conferences and their attendant pub¬ 
licity to ward off some of the wrath of business men generally 
that is preparing to be expressed at the polls in November. 

Burn down a man’s house and then call him in to “confer” about 
the situation—it is a parallel case. Nothing the President can 
now do, if he holds a million “conferences” can undo the damage 
inflicted on the whole country by his erroneous tariff and gov¬ 
ernmental ideas. 

Three million men are out of work in this country. They are 
losing at the rate of $2,000,000,000 a year in wages. Our im¬ 
ports have increased by $100,000,000, displacing that amount of 
home-made products. 



5 


BUSINESS DEPRESSION THROUGHOUT THE 
COUNTRY. 

Failures have increased in six months to the extent of $50,- 
000,000. Since October 3d of last year, the value of property 
and securities has fallen by from $ 10 , 000 , 000,000 to $ 20 ,- 
000,000,000. “Conferences” held from daylight to midnight at 
the White House with business men for the remainder of 
the President’s term will not change in the slightest the fact that 
the Democratic administration has damaged the whole United 
States beyond computation. 

A certain barometer of all business in the United States is 
the movement of freight -cars. How the idle cars this year have 
compared in number with those of a year ago is shown below: 


1914. 1913 

January 15 . 214,889 28,439 

February 1 . 209,678 37,260 

February 14 . 197,052 22,183 

March 1 .. 153,907 31,381 

March 14 . 124,865 37,775 

April 1 . 139,512 57,988 

April 15 . 212,869 57,498 

May 1 . 228,879 39,799 

May 15 . 238,642 50,294 

May 31 . 241,802 50,908 

June 15 . 232,234 63,927 

July 1 . 219,545 63,704 


The disparity between the numbers of freight cars lying idle 
in 1913 and 1914 amounts to an absolute refutation of the claim 
of President Wilson that business conditions are sound. 

The volume of imports made possible by the enactment of the 
Underwood tariff bill is indicated by this table, showing imports 
of specified articles of merchandise into the United States, with 
increases and decreases during the eleven months ending Au¬ 
gust 31 , 1914 , as compared with the eleven months ending Au¬ 
gust 31 , 1913 , 














6 


Imports of specified articles of merchandise into the United States, showing 
increases and decreases during the eleven months ending August 31, 
1914, as compared with eleven months ending August 31, 1913. 


ARTICLES 


Cattle _ 

Corn- 

Oats - 

Hides and skins- 

Sisal grass - 

Emits and nuts - 

Leather and tanned skins... 
Leather, manufactures of... 
Meat and dairy products— 
Paper and manufactures of. 

Flaxseed _ 

Silk, raw _ 

Vegetables _ 

Wool, unmanufactured- 

Wool, manufactures of - 

Coffee _ 

Sugar _ 

Cotton, manufactures of ... 

Fertilizers _ 

Fish _ 

Silk, manufactures of- 

Wheat _ 

Sheep _ 

Butter _ 

Eggs - 

Cotton, unmanufactured 


India rubber _ 

Manila _ 

Furs and manufactures of_ 

Iron and steel and manufactures of 

Tin in bars, pigs, etc. _ 

Diamonds _ 

Wheat flour _ 


ELEVEN MONTHS ENDING AUG. 31 

1913 

1914 

Increases 

Dollars 

Dollars 

Dollars 

7,050,612 

19,018,959 

11,968,347 

162,295 

9,937,474 

9,775,179 

33,294 

8,022,347 

7,984,053 

100,278,753 

113,802,680 

13,523,927 

15,8S5,196 

25,322,791 

9,437,595 

41,675,451 

49,876,634 

8,201,183 

7,984,279 

13,911,061 

5,926,782 

8,911,080 

9,457,109 

546,029 

13,716,741 

44,170,129 

30,453,388 

-! 20,389,744 

25,842,473 

5,452,729 

4,046,735 

11,787,874 

7,741,139 

j 76,189,244 

89,475,419 

13,286,175 

9,741,690 

14,533,215 

4,791,525 

27,701,791 

57,837,962 

30,136,171 

15,094,231 

37,691,059 

22,596,828 

101,434,938 

106,206,682 

4,771,744 

92,582,161 

101,411,535 

8,829,374 

58,612,702 

63,669,629 

5,056,927 

15,961,664 

20,991,436 

5,026,772 

14,134,959 

17,373,990 

3,239,031 

25,950,023 

29,391,103 

3,441,080 

372,463 

1,845,503 

1,473,040 

100,441 

586,987 

483,546 

293,430 

1,810,449 

1,517,019 

190,291 

1,118,971 

928,630 

20,504,188 

20,543,622 

39,434 

1913 

1914 

Decreases 

80,574,807 

62,411,424 

18,163,383 

10,957,899 

8,798,733 

2,159,166 

22,363,278 

10,712,175 

11,651,103 

31,504,385 

28,603,697 

2,900,688 

47,336,169 

32,982,877 

14,353,292 

37.719,319 

15,443,854 

22,275,465 

350,788 

340,686 

10,102 


CAMPAIGN ISSUES CLEARLY DEFINED. 

.The issue in this campaign should be clear to every voter. 
It is whether the people of Pennsylvania desire a continuation of 
Democratic policies as embodied in past and pending legisla¬ 
tion, or a return to those Republican policies which have made 
this State a hive of industry. With thousands of wage earners 
out of employment, and other thousands working on short time, 
the great iron and steel, textile and other industrial plants run¬ 
ning on part time or closed entirely, the coal mines and coke 
ovens operating at about half their capacity, with tremendous 
increases in importations due to the Underwood tariff law, with 


































































7 


decreased exports from this country, with no fulfillment of the 
promised reduction in the cost of living, with general unrest 
and business depression under Democratic rule succeeding a 
time of unprecedented prosperity under Republican administra¬ 
tion, this issue is brought so prominently to the front that there 
is room for no other. 

It is a battle between fine-spun theory and hard fact. Two 
years ago the voters of this State divided into three camps. The 
Republican Party was rent in twain over extraneous matters and 
although the Democrats did not get the electoral votes of this 
State, they did get enough through division in other States to 
assume charge of the government. They at once began to enact 
their theories into law. 

Under the fostering care of the Republican policies the country 
was rich and prosperous. Pennsylvania derived the greatest 
benefit of any State from legislation which that party enacted. 
This is due to the fact that 80 per cent, of all the industries of 
the United States are represented in this State. The sheltering 
care of the protective tariff was removed. The reasons for its 
removal was the claim by the Democrats that the protective sys¬ 
tem was “robbery” and that its removal would reduce the cost 
of living while stimulating industry by foreign competition. 

We have the foreign competition, but that is all we do have 
through the establishment of the new system. Our workmen 
have to pay just as much for their household and personal needs 
as they ever did and they have less money in wages with which to 
pay it. Industry in Pennsylvania has slackened and depression 
reigns as it always has during the prevalence of Democratic 
policies. Cause and effect of prosperity and depression are 
closely allied and are so clearly apparent that even the blindest 
can see, if open for conviction at all. 

In this campaign there are but two places for the Progressives 
to go. They must align themselves with the forces which wish 
to restore prosperity and again bring industrial peace and well 
being to the country or they must aid the party which has made 
such a signal failure of running its affairs. Most of them have 
returned to the Republican Party where they belong and where 


8 


their sympathies lie. Few of them will go to the Democrats, 
especially in view of what has recently been brought so pain¬ 
fully and so plainly to mind. 

Nor will many of them cling to the dwindling Progressive 
Party. In the recent primaries but 46,782 voted for the Wash¬ 
ington Party nominees, while 332,365 Republicans expressed 
their party preference, with the Democrats polling 189,554. 

The only possible outcome in the State this fall will be the 
triumph of the Republicans or the Democrats. Every sign points 
to an old-time Republican majority. The enrollment figures, the 
primary results, the expressions of sentiment by the independent 
voters, the steady drift back to the old party all presage a tre¬ 
mendous majority for the entire Republican ticket. The Pro¬ 
gressives who are truly patriotic and who sincerely desire the 
welfare and prosperity of their State are deserting the few 
leaders who have now abandoned all pretense save that of 
attempting to make profit for themselves by deals and combines 
with the Democrats. Even their fusion with the hereditary and 
consistent foe of the State and national prosperity will not avail 
to stop the tide of Republican victory. 

This issue is perfectly plain and the result is equally discerni¬ 
ble to those gifted with the slightest political foresight. 

There are three candidates for United States Senator in Penn¬ 
sylvania : 

Boies Penrose, Republican. 

A. Mitchell Palmer, free trade Democrat. 

Gifford Pinchot, Flinnite, an importation from New York. 

There is one issue—that of restoring Pennsylvania to full pros¬ 
perity through a return to protective policies and the defeat of 
Democratic experimentalists with the industries of the State, or 
permitting the experimenting to go on. 

Penrose represents the policies which lead to prosperity. Pal¬ 
mer is the uncompromising representative of industry-smashing, 
free-trade tariffs. Pinchot represents nothing whatever in this 
protection—free trade issue. He has never been an inhabitant 
of Pennsylvania, and his candidacy is of service only as an aid 
to Palmer. 


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There are two candidates for Governor: 

Martin G. Brumbaugh, Republican. 

Vance C. McCormick, Democratic free trader. 

Brumbaugh stands for Republican prosperity. He is a man 
of sterling worth, of unimpeachable integrity and of great 
executive ability. McCormick is inseparably connected with the 
Palmer machine, which, by the expenditure of vast sums of 
money in the counties, beat down the Ryan candidacy for Gov¬ 
ernor at the Democratic primaries. 

Since it is prosperity or the continued menace to prosperity 
that is to be fought out at the polls, the victory must inevitably 
go either to the Republican or the Democratic candidates. The 
Washington Party, consequently, can be nothing but a disturb¬ 
ing element. The common sense of the situation is, therefore, 
that all opponents of Democratic administration should ignore 
the Flinnites and vote for Penrose and Brumbaugh as the only 
possible way to put an end to radical Democratic legislation. 




MARTIN GROVE BRUMBAUGH 


Martin G. Brumbaugh, a plain man of sturdy Pennsylvania- 
German stock, is possibly intimately known by more people in 
this vast Commonwealth than any other man in the State. 
Teacher, minister, executive, author, educator, administrator, 
lecturer, lawyer, humanitarian, starting life as a farmer’s boy, he 
has made good with his own hands and brain. 

Throughout his native State there are hundreds of thousands 
of men that have greater hopes for the reconstruction of Re¬ 
publicanism because Martin G. Brumbaugh is Pennsylvania’s 
candidate for Governor. Dr. Brumbaugh is the type of man 
that thinking citizens are anxious to see enter politics, and to 
elevate to high administrative office. He is a plain-speaking, 
ruggedly honest man, for whom those of any party or station 
can cast their vote, confident that he will hold their interests 
safe. 

In his splendid life of achievement Dr. Brumbaugh has de¬ 
voted all his talents to uplifting his fellow men. Towering like 
a giant oak in physical and mental vigor, his kindly eyes have 
never lost the vision of the boys and girls, the men and women 
who make up the common people, and he has ever been their 
guide, counselor and champion. 

When he was only 16 years old Martin G. Brumbaugh gave 
evidence of the wonderful executive ability, which has since 
characterized every step upward in his career. At that time 
his father had bought 2,500 acres of land and started in business 
in Huntingdon County as a lumberman and general storekeeper. 
But debts piled up, and the enterprise was in a fair way to fail, 
when Martin went into the woods, and before he was 21 had 
taken out enough timber to pay his father’s every debt. 

10 


II 


COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT AT TWENTY-TWO. 

While still working on his father’s farm, Martin got his first 
inspiration for a higher education. Four young men who were 
students at Juniata College had been quarantined with smallpox 
in a hut in the woods near by. Through daily ministrations to 
these students, the young man caught the vision of learning. 
With him to see was to act, and soon he became a student of 
Juniata College, which had at an earlier time been founded by 
his ancestors. 

No sooner was he graduated from this college than he was 
made an instructor, and at 22 he was elected Superintendent of 
Schools of Huntingdon County, the youngest man ever to hold 
this position. In 1892 his Alma Mater again called him to 
service, and Dr. Brumbaugh was elected President of Juniata 
College, a position which he held until 1910, when the pressure 
of other duties compelled him to relinquish it. 

Meantime the reputation of the young Superintendent of the 
Huntingdon County schools as an administrator and organizer, 
was spreading. At that early age Dr. Brumbaugh had become 
a ready speaker of pleasing presence, and he was soon invited 
to appear at teachers’ institutes in all parts of this State. Later 
he was called to Louisiana for six successive summers, to 
organize the system of teachers’ institutes in that State. Since 
then he has spoken in all but one of the 67 counties of Penn¬ 
sylvania, in some of them many times, and he has become a 
commanding figure at State, National and international confer¬ 
ences on education, religion and citizenship. 


AN APPOINTEE OF PRESIDENT McKINLEY. 

When, in 1890, Superintendent Brumbaugh’s term of office in 
Huntingdon County came to an end, he entered the Graduate 
School of Harvard University, in order to prepare himself for 
broader service. This he followed by a post-graduate course 
in the University of Pennsylvania, where he received the degree 
of Master of Arts in 1893, and two years later became a Doctor 



12 


of Philosophy. Even before the “Doctor” was won he was 
honored with an appointment by the. Board of Trustees of the 
University as head of the Department of Pedagogy. 

After the Spanish War, when the island of Porto Rico be¬ 
came the possession of this country, President McKinley ap¬ 
pealed to Dr. Charles C. Harrison, then Provost of the University 
of Pennsylvania, for a man who could properly organize the 
educational system of the island and assist as a mepiber of the 
legislative body in building up a stable foundation of govern 
ment for this untutored people. Provost Harrison recommended 
Dr. Brumbaugh as a man of the broadest educational attain¬ 
ments, who had keen ability as an organizer and executive. 

Dr. Brumbaugh felt that he could ill afford to absent himself 
from his work of training the teachers of Pennsylvania, but 
he was granted a leave of absence for two years, and went at 
once to San Juan, where he was a pioneer, working in close 
association with Governors Allen and Hunt, of whose cabinets 
he was a member. As a member of the Senate of the island he 
took a definite part in the reorganization of its government, and 
his service both to education and to civic development is spoken 
of there in the highest terms. 


EFFECTIVE WORK IN PORTO RICO. 

Of Dr. Brumbaugh’s work as Commissioner of Education in 
Porto Rico Representative J. Hamilton Moore has said: “Dr. 
Brumbaugh arrived at San Juan, Porto Rico, on August 4 , 
1900 . That was Saturday. On the following Monday he took 
charge of the Department of Education, the records of which— 
such as they were—had been destroyed by fire. He received a 
cordial welcome from the Porto Ricans, but there was scant 
material in the way of quarters or facilities with which to begin 
his work. The American Commissioner had to build a new 
foundation for the great and enduring work he was to do.” 

Of this work the Hon. Charles H. Allen, appointed by Presi¬ 
dent McKinley the first civil Governor of the island, has said: 




13 


“On Dr. Brumbaugh’s arrival there was not a public school 
house in the island. The magnitude of the work was startling. 
There was a lack of necessary funds; a lack of necessary 
teachers; a lack of proper text-books; a lack of school build-, 
ings, and hardly a word of English spoken in the island, while 
the mere routine work of organization and enrolment was 
colossal. It was most fortunate for the American administration 
of the island, as well as for the people themselves, that a man 
with such a talent for organization as Dr. Brumbaugh was 
selected for the work. 

“Dr. Brumbaugh entered upon his duties with the energy and 
enthusiasm so characteristic of the man. From the day he took 
charge of the Department of Education the administration itself 
had no further care or anxiety. As early as October, 1900, he 
had planned all the details for the work of the school year, 
teachers were selected, buildings for new schools were rented 
and put in repair and equipped in the best manner possible for 
the work of the year. The schools opened at the appointed time, 
without friction or delay, and the education of almost 40,000 
children began forthwith. 


AT HEAD OF PHILADELPHIA’S SCHOOLS. 

“Dr. Brumbaugh at all times was the head and front of the 
movement, and the excellent condition of the system of educa¬ 
tion prevailing in Porto Rico to-day is due to his energy and 
thorough knowledge, and to the establishment and maintenance 
of his system of public schools. The work he performed at 
Porto Rico was characteristic of the man, and simply illustrates 
his capacity, not only for industry, but for the intelligent ability 
to carry on any great work he may be called upon to under¬ 
take.” 

After two years on the island, when Dr. Brumbaugh’s leave 
of absence from the University expired, he was urgently re¬ 
quested by President Roosevelt to remain in his position, but 
feeling that he had a further work to do in his native State, he 



14 

did not believe that he could afford to extend his period of 
foreign service. 

Soon after his return, while still head of the Department of 
Pedagogy at the University, Dr. Brumbaugh was appointed with 
the Hon. William H. Lambert, the late William W. Justice, the 
Hon. David H. Lane, and President Henry R. Edmunds of the 
Board of Education, on the Commission for reorganizing the 
school system of Philadelphia. When this Commission had com¬ 
pleted its work, and it was found necessary to select a new man 
as Superintendent, in order to carry out the wide-sweeping im¬ 
provements suggested, the Board of Education naturally turned 
to the man whose knowledge and experience had made possible 
this reorganization to the Secretary of the Commission—Martin 
G. Brumbaugh—whom they elected as Superintendent of the 
schools of Philadelphia on July I, 1906. 


SUCCESSFUL CAMPAIGN FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN. 

In a situation where a man of less independent spirit, of less 
experience as administrator, would have failed, Dr. Brumbaugh 
has triumphed by sheer force of acknowledged leadership. His 
open public campaign for adequate accommodations for the 
children was a fight, but it was a fight for right. The result 
was a mighty response, a releasing of millions of dollars for 
the bettering of the schools. Scores of buildings, modern, fire¬ 
proof structures, sprang up as if by the magic touch of a wizard. 
The dangerous buildings were condemned and the old structures 
totally remodeled. Wings were added to crowded buildings, 
high schools were organized in a half dozen localities, and, in 
short, under the administrative guidance of Brumbaugh, the 
educational equipment of Philadelphia suddenly grew in value 
and in efficiency until to-day it ranks with the best in the 
country. 

As Superintendent of Philadelphia schools Dr. Brumbaugh has 
been head of a system in a City with a population of 1,600,000, 
with 182,000 pupils, 5,000 teachers, 300 buildings and a plant 




i5 


valued at $30,000,000, under his personal control. Throughout 
the difficult task involved in the reconstruction of this great 
school system Dr. Brumbaugh has shown himself to be a pioneer, 
a man of absolute independence of vision, which has constantly 
been concreted in definite steps of progress. In less than a 
decade under his leadership, politics- have been entirely eliminated 
from the school system, appointments being made wholly from 
eligible lists. During this time the salaries of teachers of all 
ranks have been largely increased, a Department of Physical 
Education has been organized, the first trade school in the 
United States to be established as a part of a public school 
system has been opened, the system of evening elementary, high 
and trades schools has been brought to a high state of efficiency, 
special classes for incorrigible, defective and tubercular children 
have been established, the system of compulsory attendance has 
been reorganized, until it is to-day acknowledged to be the most 
efficient in America, medical inspectors and school nurses have 
been brought into the schools to watch over the health of the 
children. Every high school in the City has been made a first 
class school, and the schools have been brought into closer touch 
with practical life through the establishment of a definite De¬ 
partment of Vocational Training. 


AIDS IN DRAFTING NEW SCHOOL CODE. 

Though the exactions of his office would seem to be more 
than enough for an ordinary man, Dr. Brumbaugh has ao. 
cepted other duties of magnitude. He was a dominating mem¬ 
ber of the Commission which drafted the code under which the 
State’s vast school system is governed. He is a member of the 
State Board of Education which is responsible for the proper 
administration of 35,000 schools, 1,300,000 pupils, a plant valued 
at $103,000,000, and the yearly expenditure of $7,500,000 of 
State funds. 

Not content with these tasks, Dr. Brumbaugh has entered 
many fields of civic welfare. When, in 1907, the first playground 


*0 



i6 


in Philadelphia was established it was Dr. Brumbaugh who was 
in the lead. In his endeavor to obtain play space for the children 
of the City, his gift of personal effort was unstinted. All the 
child life within the circle of his influence was bettered thereby. 
The City lay sleeping so far as interest in play space was 
concerned. By the very force of his earnestness Dr. Brumbaugh 
shook it into action. 

It was he who conceived the possibility of bringing the parents 
and the schools together in the Home and School League, which 
is to-day one of the most potential influences in the life of the 
State. He is a member of the College and University Council 
of Pennsylvania, President of the International Conference on 
Home Education, which meets in Philadelphia in September, 
1914 ; President of the Division of Large Cities of the Depart¬ 
ment of Superintendence of the National Education Association; 
President of the National Society for the Study of Education, 
and a member of the Pennsylvania German Association. 


AN ELOQUENT AND CONVINCING SPEAKER. 

Well may one pause to ask what type of man is this farmer 
boy, who has been honored by his fellow-citizens, and who is 
selected as a candidate for Governor of Pennsylvania. He is 
just as big physically as he is mentally. When he speaks in 
public his message is direct, there is no questioning his meaning, 
and he has the appealing manner characteristic of those who have 
a thorough understanding of human nature. His words never 
fail to carry conviction, and his every hearer knows instantly 
what he means, and is convinced by his simple, but forceful, 
language. 

Dr. Brumbaugh is no desk administrator. He believes too much 
in people to be content to push buttons or to handle rubber 
stamps. Always he is seeking the personal touch with men and 
women who work with him. If a big thing is to be done he 
gathers his staff about him and “talks it over.” The idea is 
never a selfish one. He has large vision and sure insight into 



i7 


the movement of events. Small-minded people become great by 
the contact of his presence—they partake of his greatness and 
gather strength. In his dealings with the community he is a 
frank, fearless advocate of right things. Dr. Brumbaugh always 
works in the open. His strength as an administrator in Phila¬ 
delphia has been his ability to make the community see with 
his eyes and feel with his own great heart. That has been his 
only “big stick.” 


DR. BRUMBAUGH AS AN AUTHOR. 

Martin Grove Brumbaugh was born in Huntingdon County 
in the thrilling days of 1862, the son of George Boyer Brum¬ 
baugh and Martha Peightal Brumbaugh. His father, now 80 
years old, is still living in Marklesburg. While an instructor at 
Juniata College Dr. Brumbaugh married Miss Anna Konig- 
macher, formerly a student of that institution. After years of 
close fellowship she died at their home in West Walnut Lane, 
Germantown, in June, 1914. Dr. Brumbaugh has two children, 
a daughter, Mabel, who is a teacher in a Friends’ kindergarten 
in Philadelphia, and a son, George Edwin, a graduate of the 
University of Pennsylvania, and a practicing architect in the 
City. Another member of his household is his ward, Miss Flora 
Parks, who has been a member of the family for more than 
20 years. 

It is very generally known that Doctor Brumbaugh is the 
author of a number of school books’. He has also published the 
“History of the German Brethren in Europe and America,” a 
very handsome edition of “The Life and Works of Christopher 
Dock,” the Skippack schoolmaster, America’s pioneer writer on 
education; “The Making of a Teacher,” written originally for 
Sunday school teachers, though now held to have application to 
all schools and in general use, and many other writings bearing 
upon history and education. 

Dr. Brumbaugh has never held an elective political office. He 
was appointed a member of the Valley Forge Commission by 
Governor Tener, and a member of the City Planning Commis- 



i8 


sion by Mayor Reyburn of Philadelphia. When only 27 years 
old he was offered the nomination for Congress in his home 
district, and although the offer was equivalent to an election, he 
declined it. 

Martin Grove Brumbaugh comes before his fellow-citizens 
with a record of having done big things and having done them 
well. He has been tested as a man of affairs who has made 
good in a way that only a man of wide vision, stout courage, 
inborn independence, and unblemished integrity, backed by un¬ 
swerving adherence to the right, could do. 


BOIES PENROSE 


No other man Pennsylvania has sent to the United States Sen¬ 
ate has attained the position of commanding influence in that 
body now held by Boies Penrose. The Keystone State has been 
represented in the Senate by thirty-six men. Of these Senators 
only one has served three complete terms. On March 4 , 1915 , 
this record of service will have been equalled by that of Sena¬ 
tor Penrose. He has been retained in the Senate because of his 
increasing value as a practical, influential and effective legisla¬ 
tor for the people of Pennsylvania and the entire country. 

Men have been elevated to the Presidency of the United States 
and to other offices of high honor and large responsibility “by 
accident.” No man has ever become leader of his party in the 
United States Senate that way. The Senate is known, and justly 
so, as the “greatest legislative body in the world,” and no Sena¬ 
tor of inferior ability or doubtful integrity has attained leader¬ 
ship there. When Senator Nelson W. Aldrich retired from pub¬ 
lic life Senator Penrose succeeded him as chairman of the Sen¬ 
ate Committee on Finance and to the leadership of the upper 
branch of Congress. The Senate now is controlled by the Demo¬ 
crats. When they came into power Senator Penrose was dis¬ 
placed and a Democratic Senator from a Southern State was 
made chairman of the Committee on Finance. Senator Penrose 
is at the head of the Republican membership of that body. When 
the Republicans regain control of the Senate Mr. Penrose, by 
usage and precedent, will resume the chairmanship of the Com¬ 
mittee on Finance, which carries with it all the power and in¬ 
fluence of leadership of the United States Senate. A new Sen¬ 
ator, no matter how high his attainments or great his influence, 
must take his place at the foot of the committees to which he may 

. 19 



20 


be assigned. Many years of service, as well as ability of a high 
order, are required before a Senator can reach the position of 
influence now held by Senator Penrose. 


HIGH HONORS IN SCHOLARSHIP. 

To few men has come the distinction of having served nearly 
fourteen years in the United States Senate before attaining the 
age of 50 years. Boies Penrose was 53 years old on November 
1st last. He is a Philadelphian, and comes of a family whose 
members have been prominent in the law, medicine, politics and 
citizenship. 

After passing through the preliminaries of education, he en¬ 
tered Harvard College, and in 1881 was graduated No. 2 in 
a large class from that university, the only man in his class tak¬ 
ing precedence over him being his brother, the present Dr. Charles 
B. Penrose, who was graduated No. 1. In thus attaining singular 
university honors, the Penrose boys were but following in the 
footsteps of two of their ancestors on their mother’s side, Ben¬ 
jamin Woodbridge and William Hubbard, who were graduated 
with seven others, in the first class turned out from Harvard 
in 1642, forty years before William Penn sailed up the Delaware 
and founded Pennsylvania. At that Harvard commencement in 
1881, when the Senator was graduated, there was present a 
great uncle who united in his own the names of both of these 
graduates of 1642—the Honorable William Dudley Woodbridge 
Hubbard, of St. John, New Brunswick. 

Eight years later, in 1889, Boies Penrose was elected Presi¬ 
dent pro tern, of the Senate of Pennsylvania, a position to which 
he was re-elected in 1891. In attaining this honor he but fol¬ 
lowed in the footsteps of Charles Bingham Penrose, his grand¬ 
father, who served four years in that office, retaining it until he 
left the Senate. 

After graduating from Harvard young Penrose’s bent toward 
the law profession at once manifested itself, and he applied him¬ 
self to Kent and Blackstone with all the vigor that had attended 



21 


his course at the university. He entered as a student in the office 
of Wayne MacVeagh and George Tucker Bispham, two eminent 
lawyers of the Philadelphia bar, and was admitted to the bar in 
1883, becoming a member of the firm of Page, Allinson & Pen¬ 
rose. 


EXPONENT OF REFORM IN CIVIC AFFAIRS. 

Mr. Penrose, a Republican, advocated the principles of re¬ 
form to be applied within the party lines. A volume on Municipal 
Government was the joint production of Messrs. Penrose and 
Allinson, in which all the up-to-date, honest and correct methods 
of the administration of city affairs were vigorously exploited 
and upheld. Mr. Penrose remained a member of this law firm 
until after he had become United States Senator, when he found 
that he could not practice his profession without neglecting his 
Senatorial duties. He, therefore, retired, in order that he might 
devote his entire time to his official labors. 

In 1884 Mr. Penrose was nominated for Representative in the 
Legislature from the Eighth District of Philadelphia, which then 
constituted the Eighth Ward. The district was represented in 
the House at Harrisburg by William C. Bullitt, a warm personal 
friend of young Penrose. Mr. Bullitt at that time was a Demo¬ 
crat, having been elected in 1882 as a result of the upheaval 
which had landed Robert E. Pattison in the Gubernatorial chair. 
Republicans all over the State had reformed their lines and went 
into the legislative contests to regain control of the House of 
Representatives, and thus cripple the Democratic State admin¬ 
istration. The Republicans captured the House and among those 
elected was Boies Penrose. His election took place in November, 
1884, and on the thirtieth of that month he was 24 years old. 
He took his seat in the following January. 

As a Representative Mr. Penrose was noted for his forceful¬ 
ness in debate and the perfect control which he exercised over 
himself when turmoil and partisan feeling ran high in the House. 



22 


The young Philadelphian had no mind, however, to remain in 
the lower branch of the General Assembly indefinitely. The 
State Senate, in which his grandfather had sat years before, was 
his goal, and by the time the next Legislative election rolled 
around his opportunity for advancement came. 


EFFECTIVE AS A LEGISLATOR. 

Robert Adams, Jr., was the State Senator from the then Sixth 
District, which included the Seventh, Eighth and Ninth Wards. 
Mr. Adams was also ambitious. He wanted to go to Congress. 
At that time the venerable Charles O’Neill was the Representa¬ 
tive of the Second District in Congress, and the Eighth Ward, 
where both Penrose and Adams resided, was in that district. Sen¬ 
ator Adams went after the Congressional nomination, entertain¬ 
ing the idea that O’Neill would not be again put on the ticket. 
Mr. Penrose quietly proceeded to fix up the State Senatorial 
fences in his own interest as Adams had virtually abandoned 
them in his pursuit for the national honors. The Republican 
leaders decided to renominate Representative O’Neill and Adams 
essayed to obtain renomination for the State Senate, but he 
found that he had been forestalled by the tactics of the quiet, 
but resourceful young Representative. Adams objected, but in 
vain, and Mr. Penrose received the Republican nomination for 
State Senator and was elected in 1886 . During his entire service 
in the Senate at Harrisburg he was a staunch and sturdy ad¬ 
vocate of better government for the cities of the State. He took 
an active part in debate upon these and kindred issues, and was 
quickly recognized as an important factor in the deliberations of 
the Senate, both on the floor and in committee rooms. He made 
friends among his fellow-members, who appreciated the frank¬ 
ness and force of his nature. He acquired a Statewide reputa¬ 
tion for his ability as a legislator and the eloquence with which 
he fought the battles of the people. His was a sledge-hammer 
style, and he drove his points home. He had a power of in- 



23 


vective, a fine sense of satire and a ready vocabulary. His col¬ 
lege training stood him in good stead and made him the peer 
of any man who had held a seat in the Senate for a decade. 


ELECTION TO UNITED STATES SENATE. 

He had all the attributes of a leader. He was above and 
beyond the average man in State politics. In point of learning, 
personal force and acute appreciation of conditions he had no 
equal in the Legislative halls during his career at Harrisburg. 

In 1894 he was for the third time sent from his district as a 
State Senator, and it was while filling that office that he was, in 
1897, elected to the United States Senate to succeed J. Donald 
Cameron, for the term beginning March 4, 1897. But this was 
not easily accomplished. Lively times in the Republican party 
of Pennsylvania were witnessed before the State Senator became 
the colleague of United States Senator Matthew Stanley Quay. 
The bitterest factional fight ever waged in the Keystone State, 
and which did not wholly die out until the beginning of the fol¬ 
lowing century, was waged. Pennsylvania, and especially its two 
large cities, were the scenes of fierce and hotly contested battles 
for supremacy. 

In 1894 Mr. Penrose was brought to the front as a candidate 
for the Republican nomination for Mayor of Philadelphia to 
succeed Edwin S. Stuart, afterwards Governor of Pennsylvania. 
Israel W. Durham was the leader of the movement in behalf of 
the young State Senator, and David Martin and Charles A. Por¬ 
ter, the principal leaders of the party in the City, were in accord 
with it for a time. In December of 1894, however, opposition 
manifested itself against Senator Penrose, and after a bitter fight 
at the primaries on January 9, 1895, and in the convention on 
the following day at Musical Fund Hall, Charles F. Warwick 
was nominated for the office of Chief Executive. 

It has often been said by men who have watched the cur¬ 
rent of political events in Philadelphia during the last quarter of 
a century that Mr. Penrose’s defeat for Mayor was the best 
thing that could have happened to him. 



24 


A CANDIDATE FOR MAYOR. 

That the overthrow of the plans for the making of Mr. Pen¬ 
rose Mayor set him on the pathway which led him to the United 
States Senate is not open to question. Had he been elected to 
the office of Chief Executive of the City in 1895, his four years’ 
term would not have expired until the first Monday of April, 
1899. Meanwhile, the successor to J. Donald Cameron would 
have been chosen by the Legislature in January, 1897, and Mr. 
Penrose would certainly not have abandoned the Mayoralty chair, 
even for the high privilege of going to the Senate. 

The defeat of Mr. Penrose for Mayor was due to factional 
politics in Philadelphia, and was by no means a contest on the 
merits of the men in the field. The entrance of Senator Penrose 
as an aspirant for Senator Cameron’s seat led to a bitter and 
aggressive contest between him and Hon. John Wanamaker. 
Mr. Wanamaker had just retired from an able career as Presi¬ 
dent Harrison’s Postmaster-General, and was a National figure 
of influence and influential relations, political and commercial. 

The battle between Mr. Penrose and the “Merchant Prince” 
called forth a strong array of partisans on either side. Mr. 
Penrose commanded the support of the young and enthusiastic 
Republicans,* while the more staid and conservative business men 
of the party stood by Mr. Wanamaker. 

The caucus of the Legislature of 1897 by a substantial ma¬ 
jority declared for Mr. Penrose, and Mr. Wanamaker’s strong 
following joined in making the nomination unanimous. Since 
then Boies Penrose has been a United States Senator. 

Boies Penrose entered the United States Senate on the day 
that William McKinley became President of the United States, 
March 4, 1897. With service in the Senate he has broadened 
and developed. Steadily he has advanced in influence and states¬ 
manship. Now he is in a position where he can be of largest 
usefulness to Pennsylvania. No other man in either branch of 
Congress exerts a wider influence than the senior Senator from 
this State. 


25 


Aside from Senator Penrose’s prominence in the direction 
of legislation of national importance his record is that of a Sen¬ 
ator “who does things” for his State. After a service of nearly 
eighteen years in the Senate he is more familiar with the legis¬ 
lation demanded by the manufacturer and wage-earner, the 
farmer and the business man and, in fact, all of the people of 
Pennsylvania than any other man in this State. 

Senator Penrose rendered his first notable service for Penn¬ 
sylvania soon after he entered the Senate. President McKinley 
had called an extra session of Congress to repeal the Wilson- 
Gorman tariff act, which had proven so fatal to the prosperity 
of the country, and to enact a law that would restore the pro¬ 
tective system. The Dingley bill was the result. It is well known 
to those who were conversant with the activities of that session 
that the most laborious portion of the work for Pennsylvania 
was left by Senator Quay to his enthusiastic junior colleague. 
Senator Penrose, with the keenest eye, watched every schedule 
that bore upon the interests of Pennsylvania industries both as 
to the manufacturer and the laborer. He submitted a host of 
amendments, notwithstanding the fact that the bill had come 
from the Ways and Means Committee of the House, where the 
wants of the Keystone State had been carefully scanned. These 
amendments related not only to the industries most vital to Penn¬ 
sylvania, but to the entire country. With great ability Senator 
Penrose urged the restoration of the protective tariff, the issue 
upon which William McKinley had swept the country. He pre¬ 
dicted that with the protective system again in operation the 
prosperity of the country would be assured. He was right. The 
enactment of the Dingley law was followed by the greatest era 
of prosperity the American people have ever known. 


PENNSYLVANIA AND THE TARIFF. 

From that time until the present Senator Penrose has fought 
for the maintenance of the protective tariff. It was during the 
extra session of the Sixty-first Congress that he attained a po- 



26 


sition in the Senate where he could be of the largest usefulness 
to the people of Pennsylvania. As passed by the House the Payne 
bill contained tariff reductions which the manufacturers insisted 
would have proven ruinous to the interests of the labor and 
capital of this State. These reductions ranged from ten to fifty 
per cent, from the rates of the Dingley law, and they included 
nearly every manufactured article of which Pennsylvania was 
a large producer. Senator Penrose knew what sort of tariff 
revision the Keystone State was willing to accept, and as a mem¬ 
ber of the Committee on Finance—to which body he recently 
had been promoted—he opposed the sweeping reductions adopted 
by the House. When the bill passed the Senate it provided du¬ 
ties pronounced by the Pennsylvania manufacturers adequate for 
the protection of the State’s industries. As a member of the 
Conference Committee he successfully defended the increased 
rates. For the tremendous service he renderd the people of 
Pennsylvania, in connection with the enactment of the Payne- 
Aldrich bill, Senator Penrose was warmly commended by the 
people and the press. 


LEADS FIGHT FOR PROTECTION. 

At the beginning of the Sixty-second Congress, Senator 
Penrose again was called upon to lead the protection forces 
against proposed destructive low-tariff legislation. The Payne- 
Aldrich tariff law, which had been enacted two years before, 
was bitterly attacked by certain Western Senators and Repre¬ 
sentatives and other public speakers, who used it as an issue in 
the campaign of that year. Senator Penrose was in a position to 
fight the proposed reductions in duties. Senator Nelson W. Aid- 
rich had just retired from the Senate and Mr. Penrose had been 
selected chairman of the Committee on Finance, a position which 
carried with it the leadership of the Republican side of the 
United States Senate. Bills reducing the duties of the iron and 
steel, cotton, woolen, chemical, and, in fact, every schedule of 
the Payne law affecting the industries of Pennsylvania were re- 



27 


ferred to that committee. To prevent the passage of these bills 
the Republicans in the Senate were compelled to meet the oppo¬ 
sition of the solid Democratic strength in that body and those 
low-tariff Republican Senators who were vigorously attacking 
President Taft because of his action in signing the Payne law. 
Senator Penrose at once assumed an aggressive and determined 
attitude towards the proposed legislation. In order to prevent 
hasty action by the Senate and to afford the representatives of 
the manufacturers an opportunity to submit arguments in oppo¬ 
sition to it, he arranged for a series of hearings before the Fi¬ 
nance Committee. These hearings afforded ample opportunity 
to emphasize the injury to American industries that would result 
from the enactment of low-tariff bills. They continued through 
a period of several months. The manufacturers sent to Wash¬ 
ington delegations who submitted facts bearing upon every phase 
of the industrial situation in this country. These hearings were 
more exhaustive and illuminating than any other series of hear¬ 
ings ever held by the Finance Committee. Through the skilful 
questioning of Senator Penrose it was shown that the proposed 
legislation would result in widespread business depression. Rep¬ 
resentatives of each of the industries affected declared that if 
the proposed reductions in duties became effective they would be 
compelled to curtail production, and that as a result hundreds 
of thousands of workingmen would be thrown out of employ¬ 
ment. 

DEMOCRATS IN CONTROL. 

Senator Penrose was strongly supported by other Republicans 
on the Finance Committee in his determination to prevent the 
low-tariff measures from being enacted into law. At his instance 
nearly all of them were rejected by the Republican majority of 
that body. Senator Penrose reported them adversely to the 
Senate and in many effective and forceful speeches defended the 
protective tariff principle. The opposition, however, was too 
strong and the combination of low-tariff Republicans and Demo¬ 
crats forced some of the bills through. When they reached the 



28 


White House President Taft held many conferences with the 
leaders of the Republican majority in Congress. At these con¬ 
ferences Senator Penrose was consulted by the President re¬ 
garding every measure before him. Mr. Penrose earnestly urged 
the President to veto them and to return them to Congress with 
messages which would present a vigorous defense of the pro¬ 
tective principle. This the President did. 

When the Democrats entered upon control of the Senate 
the committees of that body were reorganized; Senator Penrose 
was succeeded as chairman of the Finance Committee by a Demo¬ 
cratic Senator who was entirely in harmony with the tariff policy 
of the Democratic party. The enactment of the Underwood 
tariff law followed. 

The records at Harrisburg and at Washington show that Sen¬ 
ator Penrose throughout his public service has been the out¬ 
spoken champion of the wage-earners, that he has supported 
every measure for their welfare and advancement. 

The records of Congress tell of his loyal and effective support 
in behalf of the old soldier. 

The candidacy of Senator Penrose has met with a hearty re¬ 
sponse from the farmers and dairymen of Pennsylvania because 
he has supported every measure for their protection. 

Senator Penrose is a member of these organizations: Rising 
Star Lodge, No. 126, F. & A. M.; Columbia Chapter, No. 91, 
R. A. M.; Philadelphia Commandery, No. 2, Knights Tem¬ 
plar; Lu Lu Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.; Imperial Council 
Odd Fellows; Mt. Moriah Council, Jr. O. U. A. M.; William 
McKinley Council, Order of Independent Americans; Patriotic 
Order of Americans; Patriotic Order Sons of America; Patri¬ 
otic Order Sons of Veterans; Army and Navy Union; U. S. 
A., Mystic Order of Sphinx; Loyal Order of Moose. 


FRANK B. McCLAIN 


In Frank B. McClain, Mayor of Lancaster, the Republicans of 
Pennsylvania have as their candidate for Lieutenant-Governor 
a man who by his force of character, splendid ability and abso¬ 
lute honesty has attained gratifying success, and won the esteem 
and admiration of all whose privilege it is to know him. Mayor 
McClain is a farmer, stockraiser and business man, and no other 
citizen in the state is closer to the people than he. He was born 
in the city of Lancaster, April 14 , 1864 , and has never lived any¬ 
where else. He attended the public schools of his home city, 
graduating in 1881 . In 1882 he became engaged in farming and 
the live stock business and has been so occupied ever since. As 
a result of his interest in public affairs he was nominated as a 
candidate for the Legislature in 1894 . He was elected and his 
service in behalf of the people not only in Lancaster County, 
but of the entire State was recognized by his re-election seven 
times to the Lower House at Harrisburg. So conspicuous were 
his abilities as a member of that body that he was chosen 
Speaker, a position which he filled with distinction. In April, 
1910, he was elected Mayor of the City of Lancaster and was 
re-elected for a term of four years, which will expire on the 
first Monday in January, 1916. 


29 



HENRY HOUCK 


The nomination of Henry Houck for another term as Secretary 
of Internal Affairs was received with a sense of personal gratifica¬ 
tion ill the homes of this State. In every county he is known and 
greatly admired. For more than half a century he has been 
identified with the upbuilding of Pennsylvania’s public school 
system. His work as Deputy Superintendent of Public Instruc¬ 
tion took him into every county, and his zeal and earnestness have 
been an inspiration to the youth of Pennsylvania. 


STARTS LIFE AS A SHOEMAKER. 

Henry Houck is a native of Lebanon County, Pa. He was 
born at Palmyra, of Pennsylvania-German ancestry. His father 
was the village shoemaker, and at that trade Henry Houck, when 
very young, was given occupation. But the boy’s mind was ever 
upon his books. It was his ambition to be a school teacher. 
Later he attended the Annville Academy, walking there daily, 
a distance of about eleven miles. A few years later he was for¬ 
tunate enough to secure the advantage of tutelage by an excellent 
teacher of Latin and Greek. When but 16 years of age he became 
a school teacher in Lebanon County. From that time until the 
present he has been identified with Pennsylvania’s public school 
system. The first official position he held was Superintendent of 
Schools of Lebanon County, a position he retained for eight 
years. Two years later he was appointed Deputy Superintendent 
of Schools by Dr. J. P. Wickersham, at that time the State Super¬ 
intendent. He discharged the duties of that office with great 
ability until he assumed the duties of Secretary of Internal Affairs 
in 1907. 


3° 



3i 


The long period of incessant toil and devotion to the cause of 
public education by Mr. Houck brought him a wide acquaintance 
not only in Pennsylvania, but throughout the country. His zeal 
for that great cause, with a genial disposition and a keen sense of 
humor have endeared him to hundreds of thousand of persons with 
whom he became a great favorite as lecturer at teachers’ institutes 
and other educational and social gatherings. As an educator, in 
the opinion of those familiar with his effective service, he has few 
equals in this country. 


POPULAR AMONG THE PEOPLE. 

Personally, Mr. Houck is exceedingly popular. His own strug¬ 
gles to educate and elevate himself have made him deeply sympa¬ 
thetic, and he is always ready to share with all classes their hopes 
and their ambitions to advance themselves. By the thousands of 
men and women who have taught school in this State he is regarded 
as a friend. The feeling of teachers toward Mr. Houck was indi¬ 
cated a few years ago when they presented him with a purse of 
nearly $1,800 to be expended by him in a tour of the Holy Land 
and of countries of Asia, Africa and Europe. 

Wherever Mr. Houck has gone on his work of education, he 
has received a welcome, unrestricted by religious faith and un¬ 
tainted by partisan feeling. It has been his purpose to place the 
citizenship of Pennsylvania upon a higher plane through the 
broad influence of the public schools. In this he has accomplished 
much. 

In 1906 Mr. Houck was nominated for Secretary of Internal 
Affairs on the ticket headed by Edwin S. Stuart for Governor. 
His candidacy met with a hearty response from the people. His 
successful administration secured for him a unanimous renomina¬ 
tion in 1910. This year he was nominated at the primaries with¬ 
out opposition. 


THOMAS S. CRAGO 


The candidacy of Colonel Thomas S. Crago, of Waynesbnrg, 
for Congressman-at-large, has met with popular favor through¬ 
out the State. 

A man of fine scholarship, a lawyer of unquestioned ability, 
his thorough knowledge of the varied industries of Pennsylvania, 
and his excellent record as a Representative in Congress from 
the Twenty-third District are guarantees of his fitness for the 
position. 

In personality affable and courteous, his military service 
throughout the Spanish-American and Philippine Wars, twenty- 
two years of service in the National Guard of Pennsylvania, his 
identification with educational and banking institutions and mem¬ 
bership in prominent fraternal organizations give him deserved 
prominence and popularity throughout the State. 

Colonel Crago was born in Carmichaels, Greene County, Pa., 
August 8, 1866. He attended public schools in winter and later 
became an apprentice in his father’s carriage shop. 

Determining to obtain a higher education, he entered Greene 
Academy, completing the academic course, and then became a 
student in Waynesburg College, from which he was graduated 
in 1892. Desiring to further equip himself for the profession 
of his choice, he entered the senior class of Princeton University, 
from which institution he was graduated with honors in 1893. 


VETERAN OF SPANISH WAR. 

Returning to Waynesburg in the possession of an education 
purchased by strict economy and money earned during vacations, 
he began the study of law in the office of Capt. James E. Sayers, 
and was admitted to the Greene County bar in 1894, since which 
date he has been engaged in active and successful practice. 

32 




33 


While a student in Waynesburg College he enlisted in Com¬ 
pany K, Tenth Regiment, and was captain of his company at 
the outbreak of the Spanish-American War. He was with that 
historic regiment in the Philippines and served during the whole 
of the campaign. After the return of the regiment and its 
organization again in the National Guard of Pennsylvania he 
was elected a major and subsequently lieutenant-colonel of the 
regiment. ^| ; f, 

In political life he has served his party faithfully and well, 
has been chairman of the Republican County Committee, dele¬ 
gate to the Republican State Convention and was delegate from 
this Congressional District to the Republican National Conven¬ 
tion in 1904. i ^ > ; 

In 1910 he was nominated for Congress upon the Republican 
ticket in the Twenty-third District of Pennsylvania, and was 
elected by a plurality of almost 5,000. His record during the 
Sixty-second Congress was such as a new member of that body 
seldom gains. 


URGES BILL FOR SOLDIERS’ WIDOWS. 

He was the author of the bill providing pensions for the 
widows of soldiers who had served in the Spanish-American and 
Philippine Wars, and had charge of this bill on the floor of the 
house. This branch of Congress being Democratic, such an 
honor has seldom been accorded to a representative of the op¬ 
posite party. The bill was passed by the House by a large ma¬ 
jority. 

He has always been in favor of a reasonable protective tariff, 
and during that session delivered a speech on the wool tariff 
which was sent broadcast over the country by those interested 
in the wool industry. 

He is a progressive citizen and has been prominently identified 
with business interests of Greene County. 

He is a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Waynes¬ 
burg, is a trustee of Waynesburg College and of the South- 


2 



34 


western State Normal School at California, and is Vice President 
of the Union Deposit and Trust Company of Waynesburg. 

He is a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders, the 
B. P. O. E., the American Veterans of Foreign Service and the 
United Spanish War Veterans. 

In 1897 Colonel Crago was united in marriage with Miss 
Margaret Hoge, Waynesburg, who is a graduate of Waynesburg 
College, and his home life is ideal and pleasant, being surrounded 
with the comforts and joys of a family composed of two 
daughters and one son. 


MAHLON M. GARLAND. 


Mahlon M. Garland, candidate for Congress-at-large in Penn 
sylvania on the Republican ticket, wa^ born in Pittsburgh, and 
while still young, his parents moved to Alexandria, Huntingdon 
County, Pa. By reason of the large family, like most boys of 
that time, he was required at an early age to go to work to bring 
in support for the others who were younger. At nine years of 
age he went on a farm to do chores and later to light work in 
the iron and steel rolling mills. At 14 he drove mules on a 
tow-path from Hollidaysburg, Blair County, on the Juniata 
Canal, to Wilkes-Barre on the Susquehanna Canal, and in winter 
he cut wood and railroad ties in the mountains. 

His ancestry on both sides having been iron and steel workers, 
he naturally drifted into the rolling mill, and when age per¬ 
mitted, joined the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel and 
Tin Workers. After passing through all the local positions he 
was elected as Assistant to the President, and then to the Presi¬ 
dency of this great international labor organization, to which 
position he was subsequently elected six years in succession. He 
resigned to take charge of the United States Custom House at 
Pittsburgh. During his years in labor circles he was for four 
years the Fourth Vice-President of the American Federation of 
Labor and probably served on, and secured more conferences ot 
varied kinds between labor and capital than any other labor 
leader. The high regard in which he is held by both the working 
men and manufacturers who know him, indicates honesty in in¬ 
tention and soundness in judgment. The years in the Govern¬ 
ment service as Collector of Customs have schooled him in the 
intricate detail of large government. The splendid record shown 
by the Pittsburgh Custom House under his management is evi¬ 
dence of high executive ability. Mr. Garland attended public 

35 



36 


night schools on the south side in Pittsburgh while working in 
the rolling mills, and at all times has been a wide reader on 
Public questions. He is a firm believer in American sovereignty 
and a constant adherent to the rights of the common people. Al¬ 
ways an active Republican in politics, he was elected and served 
two years in Select Council in the City of Pittsburgh, and four 
years on the School Board, and six years on Council in the 
Borough of Edgewood. He is especially strong in the belief 
of a protective tariff, based on commission inquiry information. 


DANIEL F. LAFEAN. 


Daniel F. Lafean, of York, candidate for Congressman-at-large, 
is a successful business man and an experienced legislator. 

It is confidently expected that the recollection of Mr. Lafean’s 
past noteworthy record as a Representative in Congress from the 
Twentieth District for ten years, in the service of his district, and 
in State and National affairs, will bring to him many unsolicited 
votes. 

Mr. Lafean is a native of the City of York, and was born 
February 7, 1861. His father, Charles F. Lafean, a prominent 
coal merchant, was of French descent, and his mother, Charlotte 
Kottcamp, of York, was of German descent. Both of his parents 
represented families actively interested in the growth and de¬ 
velopment of the borough of York during the last century. They 
were well and favorably known for their industry, integrity and 
such other qualities as develop sturdy manhood and woman¬ 
hood. 


STARTS LIFE AS A CLERK. 

Mr. Lafean obtained his education in the public schools of 
his native city, and at the age of 16 years began his business 
career as clerk in a notion store. After spending a short time 
in this position he accepted one as clerk in the confectionery 
establishment of Peter C. Wiest, of York. In his early man¬ 
hood he took advantage of all opportunities afforded, and his 
employer soon found that his capabilities fitted him for posi¬ 
tions of greater responsibility and trust. He carefully studied 
the business in which he was engaged and was ever ready to 
suggest improvements. By hard work he mastered the details 
of the candy business and in 1883 was admitted a member of 

37 




38 


the firm. The products of the firm found a ready sale, which, 
under his direct management, led to the establishment of the 
largest caramel manufacturing plant in the United States, the 
product of which is now shipped to every State in the Union, 
as well as to many foreign countries. Having always interested 
himself in manufacturing, Mr. Lafean is now connected with 
various concerns, not only in his native city, but in other cities of 
his State as well. 

Notwithstanding Mr. Lafean’s extreme business activity, he 
also has given his attention to the government of his city. He was 
elected to the City Council for six years, during which time he 
was unanimously chosen President of Common Council for one 
term at a time when Council was evenly divided politically. The 
first ordinance authorizing street paving in York was introduced 
by him. 


TEN YEARS’ SERVICE IN CONGRESS. 

In 1902 he was offered the Republican nomination for Repre¬ 
sentative in Congress from the York-Adams District, Twentieth 
Pennsylvania, and, although the district is strongly Democratic, 
he was elected to the Fifty-eighth Congress and re-elected to the 
Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, Sixty-first and Sixty-second Congresses. 
During these ten years he served on important committees and 
was instrumental in having erected in his home city a federal 
postoffice building, which is considered the handsomest structure 
of its kind in the State. He also secured appropriations for the 
erection of postoffice buildings in two other towns in his district, 
namely, Hanover and Gettysburg. 

His record in behalf of the old soldier, his widow and orphans, 
is an unusual one, of which he is justly proud. His many efforts 
and his ability to do things for his district found such favor with 
his constituents, and were so highly appreciated, that they sought 
his nomination as Congressman-at-Uarge. 

During Mr. Lafean’s incumbency, he at all times gave prompt 
attention to his duties, and as a representative of the people he 
was untiring in his efforts to serve those whom he represented. 



39 


In can truthfully be said that in political office, as in his business 
career, he, indeed, has been a decided success. 

Mr. Lafean was married in 1882 to Miss Emma B. Krone, of 
the City of York, and has three sons, Stuart M., Leroy K., and 
Robert H. He is a member of many fraternal organizations, 
some of which are the Masonic fraternity, Odd Fellows, Elks, 
Moose, P. O. S. of A., and Heptasophs. 


JOHN R. K. SCOTT 


John R. K. Scott, candidate for Congress-at-Large, is essen¬ 
tially one of those men possessing pre-eminently the qualities that 
inevitably win. He is a Pennsylvanian who represents in a 
high degree honesty, integrity and adherence to the principles of 
the Republican party. 

Mr. Scott was born on July 6, 1873, at Bloomsburg, Columbia 
County, Pennsylvania. At an early age his parents moved to 
Wilkes-Barre, Luzerne County, and five years later the family 
moved to Philadelphia. After attending the public schools of 
Wilkes-Barre and Philadelphia, Mr. Scott entered Central High 
School of Philadelphia, from which institution he graduated in 
1893 to enter the Law School of the University of Pennsylvania. 
He studied law in the offices of W. W. Smithers and Joseph H. 
Shakespeare, of Philadelphia, and was admitted to the bar in De¬ 
cember, 1895. 

Almost from the time of attaining his majority Mr. Scott has 
been conspicuous in the public eye, and he has fulfilled the duties 
of public offices which he has held with ability, zeal and industry. 
Elected from the Eighth Legislative District of Pennsylvania, he 
served in the State House of Representatives during the impor¬ 
tant session of 1899, in which session he was known as the “baby 
member.” In 1899 he was appointed by the Hon. John L. Kin¬ 
sey, now a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia, 
Assistant City Solicitor, and remained in that office for a period 
of six years, and his work in that office and his devotion to duty 
were such that on his voluntarily resigning in the fall of 1905, 
one of the Judges of the Courts of Philadelphia County remarked, 
“He has been the most faithful and efficient Assistant Solicitor the 
City has ever had in charge of the Department which he repre¬ 
sented.” 


40 



4i 


A LEADER AT HARRISBURG. 

He was elected to the State House of Representatives from the 
Eighth Legislative District for the sessions of 1909, 1911 and 
1913 by overwhelming majorities. 

In the Legislature Mr. Scott has always been recognized as a 
leader, a skillful debater, an eloquent speaker and powerful in 
argument. Always steadfast to the Republican party, he has 
ever been active and energetic in support of its principles, and 
his influence has been exerted to aid legislation, such as the Child 
Labor Laws, the Public Utilities Law, Workmen’s Compensation 
Act, and other legislation tending to the welfare of the general 
community. 

Speaking of Mr. Scott’s achievement in the Legislature, a daily 
publication opposed to the Republican party in part said: 

“The public of this State are generally indebted to Represen¬ 
tative John R. K. Scott for his consistent and effective fight for 
the public interests in the recent session of the Legislature. 

“Our judgment upon his achievement does not rest merely 
upon his votes of record on well understood issues. In fact, it is 
based less upon his formal action as to this or that bill than upon 
his adroit, uncompromising and tireless efforts to promote the 
good measures when they were going through the hidden process 
of legislation. 

“Among the 207 members of the House were many able men. 
Most of them, however, were comparatively inexperienced. 
Scott therefore had the equipment not only of natural ability, 
but exceptional familiarity with the work in hand. Added to 
this, he possessed the asset of robust physical and mental con¬ 
stitution of the utmost value in the long campaign he was un¬ 
dertaking. 

“We find a double satisfaction on examining Scott’s remarkable 
course: First,*it gives us pleasure to be able to applaud the ser¬ 
vices of any public man. Second, it gives us an opportunity to 
commend without reservation a man whose public acts we have 
opposed for many years. 

“Thus it is that we felicitate Pennsylvania upon having a leg¬ 
islator like the member from the Eighth Philadelphia District. 


PRINCIPLES OF THE PARTY 


PLATFORM UPON WHICH CANDIDATES ON THE 
REPUBLICAN TICKET IN PENNSYLVANIA 
GO BEFORE THE PEOPLE. 

The principles of the Republican party in Pennsylvania are 
set forth in the platform adopted by the Republican State Com¬ 
mittee at a meeting in Pittsburg, August 26. Upon this plat¬ 
form the candidates on the Republican ticket in Pennsylvania 
stand. 


PENNSYLVANIA REPUBLICAN PLATFORM 
FOR 1914. 

We render our sincere thanks to the Almighty for a most 
bountiful harvest of earth’s products, domestic tranquillity and 
friendly relations of our nation with the nations of the world. 

We deplore the great war now raging in Europe, and express 
our earnest hope for the early restoration of peace. 

We declare our unchanging faith in the “government of the 
people, by the people and for the people,” our devotion to the 
cause of Republican institutions, and renew our allegiance to the 
principles of the Republican party, whose achievements in govern¬ 
ment constitute the most luminous pages in the history of our 
nation. 

Our greatest national advance has been made during the years 
of its ascendency in public affairs. 

It has always been the party of real effective progress. 

It always has progressed conservatively. 

It never has been either stationary or reactionary. 

It has been the party, not of mere agitation, but of construction. 

42 




43 


FOR A PROTECTIVE TARIFF. 

We reaffirm our belief in a protective tariff. The industrial 
depression and stagnation which has steadily increased under the 
free-trade legislation of the Wilson Administration is apparent to 
all men. At the close of the last Republican Administration the 
country had reached the height of prosperity at home and had a 
foreign trade of extraordinary magnitude. Labor receivved full 
employment at increasing rates of remuneration. Since the enact¬ 
ment of the Underwood-Palmer free-trade law we have had an 
army of the unemployed, idle freight cars stretching clear across 
the State, and general curtailment or suspension of industrial 
activities. The cost of living has steadily gone up. The Republi¬ 
can tariff policy has always been at the basis of our national pros¬ 
perity, developing our resources, diversifying our industries and 
protecting our workingmen against competition with cheaper 
labor abroad, thus assuring for our wage earner the American 
standard of living. We urge restoration of the protective policy 
at the earliest possible opportunity, providing for import duty 
which shall be high enough, while yielding a sufficient revenue to 
protect American industry and wages, so that prosperity may be 
restored to the land. A Republican President and a Republican 
Senate and House of Representatives, when elected, can enact 
in a very short time such legislation as will bring about a re¬ 
turn to former conditions of prosperity. We declare at this time 
that it is more evident than ever before that the United States 
shall not be only politically independent of the rest of the world, 
but shall be independent industrially and commercially. We need 
adequate protective duties so that we shall never again find our¬ 
selves, as the result of foreign complications over which we have 
no control, in a situation where many of our industries in manu¬ 
factures and agriculture are paralyzed for want of certain essen¬ 
tial articles which we have been unable to produce here on account 
of the absence of adequate protection against the low wage stan¬ 
dards of Europe. We declare for the American system of pro¬ 
tection to American labor and American industry. 


44 


As part of this protective system we urge the immediate up¬ 
building by proper legislation of a merchant marine, which shall 
consist of vessels built by Americans, owned by Americans, 
manned by Americans, carrying American cargoes under the pro¬ 
tection of the American flag to every foreign port, and we de¬ 
mand the absolute neutrality of our nation. 

We are in favor of the maintenance of an adequate navy for 
the national defence and for the protection of our merchant ma¬ 
rine. 

We declare our purpose to maintain peace and promote pros¬ 
perity. 


NATION’S DUTY IN MEXICO. 

We deplore the policy of the present Administration in connec¬ 
tion with affairs in Mexico. The murder and maltreatment of 
American citizens and the destruction of many millions of dollars 
of American property have been viewed with callous indifference 
by the present Administration. We are not in favor of any an¬ 
nexation of Mexican territory, or of any political interference with 
Mexican affairs, but we declare that it is the duty of the nation 
to demand adequate protection for American citizens and Ameri¬ 
can property in Mexico. We are opposed to war with Mexico 
for the purpose of interference or aggrandizement. A proper as¬ 
sertion of the national honor and insistence upon the respect of 
Americans who are in Mexico as the pioneers of civilization we 
declare to be the first duty of our Government. 


JUSTICE FOR NEGRO CITIZENS. 

We condemn the so-called Jim Crow bills introduced in Con¬ 
gress by Southern Democrats and other measures antagonistic to 
the negro citizen, together with the rulings for segregation in the 
executive department of the Government of negro employees. We 
declare these race discriminations are contrary to the spirit of 
American institutions. 





45 




REPUBLICAN PARTY AND PENNSYLVANIA. 

The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, though blessed by natu¬ 
ral advantages and a loyal and industrious people, has arrived at 
its proud position among the States of the nation by reason of 
the wise administration of its affairs by the Republican party of 
Pennsylvania, which has been practically in control for over half 
a century. 

She stands to-day absolutely free from debt. 

No State tax upon real estate has been collected since 1866, 
when it was abolished by Republican administration. 

No tax upon any personal property of any character (except 
moneys at interest) has been collected by the State for many de¬ 
cades. 

No subject taxed locally by counties, cities, boroughs, town¬ 
ships or school districts is taxed by the State. 

The great revenues of the State are derived mainly from taxes 
on corporations. 

For the fiscal year 1913 the revenues of the State were approxi¬ 
mately $35,000,000, over three-fifths of which was collected from 
corporations and the balance from collateral inheritance tax, liquor 
licenses, money at interest, automobile licenses and mercantile tax. 

From the revenues derived by the State the salaries of the 
Judges of all the counties and Appellate Courts in the State are 
paid, and there is returned to the different localities all the tax 
on moneys at interest, approximately $5,000,000, besides the 
greater part of the receipts from liquor licenses. Of the revenues 
of Pennsylvania nearly two-thirds is appropriated for educational, 
eleemosynary and charitable purposes, nearly $10,000,000 being 
for educational purposes, of which amount over $7,000,000 is ap¬ 
plied toward the maintenance of public schools, as State aid to the 
local districts. What State or empire can produce a greater show¬ 
ing? 

Pennsylvania has reason to be proud that she is the envy of 
her sister States, and the Republican party takes pride in being the 
moving cause thereof. 


4 6 


COMPREHENSIVE PLAN FOR STATE HIGHWAYS. 

There are few functions of the government which have a more 
intimate relation to the comfort of the masses of the people and 
their welfare than the care of the public highways. Pennsylvania 
has committed herself to a comprehensive and generous plan of 
aiding the local authority in the construction and maintenance of 
the principal public roads of the State. It was proposed that the 
Commonwealth should make a loan to carry out this great 
plan, and make an immediate start upon providing a system of lay¬ 
ing the highways which would reach every important community; 
but a majority of those voting upon the constitutional amendment 
which was needed to make such a project possible .expressed them¬ 
selves as opposed to the creation of a debt for this purpose. We 
do not believe that it is the wish of the people of Pennsylvania 
that the system of highways taken over by the State shall be 
turned back to the township to add to the weight of local tax¬ 
ation, but feel that every effort should be made to set aside suffi¬ 
cient funds from the revenues of the Commonwealth to maintain 
these roads in a proper manner and speedily to provide for their 
permanent improvement according to the most advanced scien¬ 
tific method. We pledge ourselves to insist upon liberal appro¬ 
priations for these purposes and to the economic and businesslike 
administration of the State Highway Department. 

The last General Assembly appropriated the money received in 
the State treasury from the licenses of motor vehicles and their 
operators for the specific purpose of maintaining and improving 
the State highways; and many hundreds of thousands of dollars, 
sufficient to have placed in good condition the roads embraced in 
the State highway plan, were paid in and became available for 
this work; but the Auditor General and the State Treasurer, hos¬ 
tile to the Republican party and antagonistic to the State admin¬ 
istration, of which they should be a co-operative part, persistently 
refused to honor the requisitions of the State Highway Depart¬ 
ment for the use of this vast idle fund; and despite the fact that 
the Court and the law officers of the Commonwealth swept aside 


47 


the legal technicalities and artful plans which had been interposed 
to sustain the impossible position taken by these officials, they suc¬ 
ceeded in hampering and hindering the work of the Department, 
and for more than a year absolutely tied up the work of maintain¬ 
ing the State highway, with the result that not only the people of 
the State were inconvenienced and injured, but damage, amount- 
ing to practical destruction, resulted to many of the roads of the 
State. We shall insist upon the compliance by the officers of the 
Commonwealth with the provisions of the law known as the “Dirt 
Road Law,” and upon the necessary appropriation, and suclh fur¬ 
ther legislation as may be necessary for the maintenance of the 
highways known as Dirt Roads used by so great a portion of our 
farming community. 

FOR EFFECTIVE CHILD LABOR LaW. 

At the last session of the Pennsylvania Legislature an earnest 
effort was made by Republican members to have enacted a bill 
regulating the employment of minors between the ages of 14 and 
16 years. This bill would have reduced the hours of employment 
and would have prohibited the employment of all who were not 
certified by the School Board physicians as physically qualified. 
It also advanced the educational requirements and increased the 
restrictions and safeguards of employment. This meritorious 
measure was defeated for partisan purposes by those who pre¬ 
ferred to prevent any improvement of the existing law rather than 
permit the Republican party the credit for making such advance 
legislation possible. 

We recognize that no child should be permitted to labor under 
conditions which will injure his usefulness as a future adult citi¬ 
zen. We believe the time has arrived when the child labor laws 
of the State should be rewritten and more fully correlated. We 
believe that all children between the ages of 14 and 16 years who 
are employed at labor should not only receive permits from the 
Superintendents of Schools and be subject to the supervision of 
these officials, but should also be examined as to their fitness for 
the work in question by competent physicians. We believe that 




4 8 


the hours of child labor, the conditions of work and vocational 
preparations are all subjects of the greatest solicitude to the peo¬ 
ple of the Commonwealth and should be carefully arranged by 
judicious legislation. 

FAVOR WORKMEN’S COMPENSATION. 

We favor the passage of such a workman’s compensation law 
as will secure to injured workmen, or those dependent upon them, 
just and adequate compensation for injury received in the course 
of employment, without regard to the solvency or insolvency of 
the employer and be just and fair to both employee and employer, 
with such safeguards to small employers of labor as will protect 
them against undue burdens, and with such liberal provisions for 
individual, State, mutual and stock company insurance as will 
afford the fullest opportunity for protection at reasonable rates, 
excepting, however, from the operation of said law those engaged 
in agricultural pursuits and domestic service. 

We commend the support by the State of the State College, 
and congratulate it upon the effective work it is doing in the lines 
of agriculture, mechanical and scientific education. 


WOMEN’S LABOR LEGISLATION. 

The law regulating the employment of women which was 
enacted at the last session of the Legislature in the form advo¬ 
cated by the Republican party has now been in effect for a suffi¬ 
cient time to test its merits. It has met with general approval, 
and has received special commendation from those engaged in 
social work. We recognize that the Commonwealth, for its own 
preservation, should protect women from the injurious conditions 
of labor so that they will not be impaired for their functions of 
motherhood. We believe that while the new women’s labor law 
in a large measure accomplishes this purpose, we should con¬ 
stantly keep under careful observation the subject of women’s 
employment and make such modifications by legislation as may 
appear necessary. 




49 


We favor such changes in the laws relating to taxation of cor¬ 
porations as will equalize their burdens and be commensurate 
with the privileges and protection enjoyed by them. 

From the inception of the laws creating the public schools, 
through the statesmanlike and heroic exertions of the Great Com¬ 
moner, Thaddeus Stevens, until the present time, augmented by 
the life long work of such men as Dr. Brumbaugh and Henry 
Houck, the public schools of the State have continually grown 
and improved until they are to-day the pride of the people. We 
specially commend the rapid increase of instruction in agricultu¬ 
ral, mechanical, culinary and other vocational arts in our com¬ 
mon schools so necessary in fitting the youth for their life’s work. 
We commend the liberal appropriation of State money for these 
schools and liberal laws for their maintenance. We commend also 
the support and acquisition by the State of the State Normal 
Schools to more practically fit the teachers in the common schools 
for their great work. 

That the heroic act of Pennsylvanians and the hallowed spots 
endeared thereby may not be forgotten, we favor the withdrawal 
of these places from the marts of trade, and we pledge ourselves 
to liberal appropriation to mark these sacred spots and commem¬ 
orate these heroic acts. 

BROAD POLICY OF CONSERVATION. 

Under Republican administration the development of forestry 
in Pennsylvania has been in accordance with the wide, broad, eco¬ 
nomical and practical policy; so that to-day the State is in the 
lead in forestry conservation. 

The State forests cover an area of more than 1,000,000 acres, 
located in 26 counties; miles of roads, trails and fire lanes have 
been opened. The supply of water has been purified and a num¬ 
ber of towns receive this benefit. Parks have been opened to the 
public, camp sites are provided, hunting and fishing permitted and 
game propagated. 

Valuable assistance is rendered the people in teaching the plant¬ 
ing of trees and preventing diseases thereof. 



50 


This great work, begun in 1895, has cost the State to July 1, 
1914, approximately $4,000,000 and represents assets of more than 
$6,000,000 in addition to the inestimable value to industry, agri¬ 
culture, water supply and health of the people. There still re¬ 
main several millions of acres of barren land in Pennsylvania, 
and we recommend the acquisition of this domain by the State as 
promptly as possible while it still can be acquired, so that water¬ 
sheds may be preserved and game animals conserved and recre¬ 
ation grounds assured to the people of the Commonwealth for all 
time. 


EFFICIENCY OF HEALTH DEPARTMENT. 

We recognize the superb work done by the Department of 
Health in its comprehensive campaign against the great plague 
of tuberculosis, through its dispensaries and sanitoria established 
for consumptives; the saving of lives of our children by the dis¬ 
tribution of diphtheria anti-toxin; medical inspection of schools, 
and the general health work, including its broad educational pol¬ 
icy. We also call attention .to the successful war it is waging 
against typhoid fever, by guarding the public water throughout 
the Commonwealth; and we pledge ourselves to a continuance of 
a liberal policy in appropriations for the maintenance and fur¬ 
therance of this comprehensive work in which Pennsylvania leads 
the nation. 

We believe in the conservation of our natural resources, the 
preservation and increase of our forest lands, the maintenance of 
a pure and plentiful water supply, and the adoption of such meth¬ 
ods as may be needed to bring an increased supply of game and 
fish near to the centers of our population. 

We favor such legislation and appropriation as may be neces¬ 
sary to broaden the scope of State’s work in the Agricultural De¬ 
partment by establishing in each county one or more bureaus of 
research and investigation, maintaining correspondence with the 
farmers, supplying them with information, giving practical illus¬ 
trations, supplying lecturers and instructors, and generally as¬ 
sisting in the advancement of agriculture. 



5i 


PORT OF PHILADELPHIA. 

Recognizing the great commercial advantages to Pennsylva¬ 
nia from the opening of the Panama Canal and the importance of 
developing the port of Philadelphia, and believing that money 
expended therefor will return by multiples to the prosperity of the 
State, we declare in favor of an adequate appropriation by the 
State for the development of the port of Philadelphia so that it 
shall be one of the great ports of the world. 


OHIO RIVER AND LAKE ERIE CANAL. 

We recognize also that Western Pennsylvania is the rapidly 
growing iron manufacturing center of the world. Its prosperity, 
and indirectly that of the State, will be greatly augmented by the 
Panama Canal, thus rendering necessary the earliest possible con¬ 
struction of the Lake Erie and Ohio River Canal, making Pitts¬ 
burgh a lake port and creating the greatest trade route in the 
country between it and the seaport of Philadelphia, and joining 
Eastern Pennsylvania and Western Pennsylvania by water route 
with the commerce of the world. We declare in favor of such 
liberal appropriation and legislation, both State and National, as 
may be necessary therefor; and as incident thereto for the im¬ 
provement of the Ohio, Allegheny and Monongahela rivers and 
their tributaries. 

We approve of the mothers’ pension law adopted by the last 
General Assembly, and favor an increase in the appropriation by 
the State for the purpose thereof, and such other legislation as 
may be necessary for the furtherance of that object. 

We favor the granting of pensions by the Federal Government 
to all soldiers and sailors who have served the United States in 
any war in which the nation has been engaged, when such sol¬ 
diers and sailors shall have reached the age of 62 years. 

We favor the granting of pensions by the Federal Government 
to the widows of all soldiers and sailors who have served the 
United States in any war in which the nation has been engaged. 



52 


We also favor the enactment by the General Assembly of Penn¬ 
sylvania of a law recognizing and granting pensions to the men 
who enlisted during the years from 1861 to 1865 known as the 
“Emergency Men” or “Emergency Volunteers.” 

The last Legislature passed a resolution submitting to the peo¬ 
ple an amendment to the constitution providing for woman suff¬ 
rage. The next Legislature should also pass this resolution and 
give the people an opportunity to vote upon this important ques¬ 
tion, and we hereby pledge the support of the Republican party to 
this end. 

PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION. 

We recommend such amendments to the public service law as 
will more effectually safeguard the rights of the people as to ser¬ 
vice and rates in the boroughs and municipalities of the State. 

In the final adjustment of the affairs of the nations as the re¬ 
sult of the present war in Europe, we declare our sincere hope 
that an effort will be made by our Government to obtain recogni¬ 
tion of equal rights for the Jews of Russia, thus enabling citizens 
of Jewish persuasion traveling under the protection of American 
passports to sojourn in that country unmolested, removing by 
these means the obstacle in the way of restoring a treaty between 
this country and that of Russia, which existed until its abrogation 
in 1912. 

Recognizing the fact that there has been an expression of the 
will of the voters in the State-wide primaries of May last, we 
earnestly indorse the nomination of the Republican party for 
United States Senator, Governor of the Commonwealth, Lieuten¬ 
ant-Governor, Secretary of Internal Affairs, Congressmen-at- 
Large, and the other important offices to be filled at the November 
election, and commend the declaration of principles they then 
made to the favorable consideration of the voters of Pennsylva¬ 
nia. 

We ask the support of all Pennsylvanians in our efforts to bring 
about the restoration of prosperity in Pennsylvania, and extend a 
cordial welcome to all electors, regardless of past party affiliations 
who are in sympathy with this declaration of principles. 



DR. BRUMBAUGH OUTLINES POLICIES 


IN ACCEPTING NOMINATION FOR GOVERNOR HE 
DISCUSSES CAMPAIGN ISSUES. 

At the meeting of the Republican State Committee in Pitts¬ 
burg addresses were delivered by the candidates on the Repub¬ 
lican ticket. In accepting the nomination for Governor, Dr. 
Martin G. Brumbaugh said: 

Fellow-Citizens:—In presenting my name to the voters of this 
great Commonwealth at the May primaries I was deeply sensible 
of the great responsibility attending that action. The success at 
the primaries has not lessened, it has increased my feeling of re¬ 
sponsibility and obligation to the people of Pennsylvania, for 
whom I have gladly wrought with what ability I may possess. 
I now accept in a formal way the call of the voters as they then 
so generously expressed themselves. I assume confidently that 
the unusually large vote given me in May—above 253,000—is 
warrant for my seeking the election in November. 

It must be understood from the outset that I bring no gifts of 
political experience or financial support to this campaign. I do, 
however, bring to it my whole record of service and pledge my 
life’s work as an earnest of the service to be expected of me as 
Governor. I have too long given myself to a definite type of 
public service to have any desire or ambition to change it for any 
other. The form of service can change, the quality never. I 
am, therefore, asking the people to support me upon the quality 
of my well-known work in the educational interests of this State 
and Nation. I stand upon my record. 

53 


54 


WILL NOT GO BACK. 

In my primary platform I set forth with conscientious convic¬ 
tion the principles for which I have stood in the past. These are 
justice to labor, good roads, local option, State Civil Service, 
submission of amendment providing for woman suffrage, con¬ 
servation of our resources, advanced educational policies, a re¬ 
organized treatment of our charities and a wider freedom in local 
municipal regulation. For these I now stand. For them I shall 
stand steadily to the end. No other course could appeal to me as 
honest and just. The army of goodly men who voted for me in 
May did so upon that platform. I ask them and their fellow- 
citizens to do so in November. They can do so confidently. Hav¬ 
ing put my hand to the plow, I shall not look back, but forward, 
plowing as straight a furrow as I know to plow, as straight as 
God helps me to plow. In the assurance of my steadfast deter¬ 
mination to deal and justly by all, I invite the support of 
all clean, honest, earnest, loyal citizens. 

We should lay aside every other consideration and plan to se¬ 
cure at the November election an indorsement of those enduring 
principles of progressive development for which the Republican 
party has stood for and for which it must always stand. There 
can be no enduring progress where there is not essential honesty 
and capacity. We can admit no experimenters into the camps of 
service. Certain men two years ago assured us that the vital 
issues before the people of Pennsylvania were among others the 
initiative, the referendum and the recall. Later the recall was 
recalled and modified to an impersonal formula. Where are those 
issues now? If vital then, why not now? If these men behaved 
then in the dominant importance of these issues, what are they 
saying about them now? Can it be that a great group of our 
citizens has been led by men to whom the eternal principles have 
become mere conveniences and dependencies to gain office? I 
have no patience with men who deceive to win, who are more 
concerned for their own advancement than they are for the 'well- 
being of the masses. I hope I am too loyal a Pennsylvanian to 
barter principles for preferment. 


55 


WANTS GOOD COMPANY. 

With those who enter this contest to secure to the people of 
the Commonwealth an efficient and worthy administration of her 
public affairs I gladly take my stand. I want no other company. 
I seek no other end. I have no personal quarrels, no enemies to 
punish, no friends to reward. The Republican party can and will 
give to the people of Pennsylvania as progressive an administra¬ 
tion of her affairs as can any other party. I invite the thousands 
of good people in the Progressive party to join me in an earnest 
and effective effort to make the people of this Commonwealth 
happy, prosperous and contented. We lead in so many essential 
elements of good citizenry that it is now possible to unite in se¬ 
curing an administration of the greatest good for all. Let us 
make it easy for our people to work at a fair wage. Let us 
make it hard for any one to be idle or to labor without adequate 
protection or compensation. The whole social program which 
truly guarantees to labor its just rewards shall have my cordial 
assistance. We must so safeguard our industries that our labor 
may have the guarantees of permanency and peace. The deli¬ 
cate task of adjusting the essential forces of capital and labor is 
of commanding significance. The details of this economic pro¬ 
gram must necessarily command a large portion of the time and 
thought of the legislative as well as the executive department of 
our State government. Having been in my personal experience 
conversant with this entire movement, I can cordially pledge my 
efforts to its accomplishment. 


LED ALL THE STATES. 

Pennsylvania has led all the States in its wise and advanced 
legislation in the interests of natural conservation. Years ago 
it was my privilege with that great Pennsylvania—Dr. J. T. 
Rothrick—to lecture to the people and to do my part in preserv¬ 
ing to this Commonwealth much of its wasting wealth. This was 
done for no political purposes. It was not a propaganda to win 



56 

votes. It was a plain duty, clearly conceived, and effectively per¬ 
formed. I am glad I had a part in this great work. 

We shall need at once to devote large sums of money to in¬ 
crease the products of our soil and to secure a good system of 
honestly-built roads to carry our products to the market. I have 
just made a study of this problem in a number of States and 
am convinced that we need a number of trunk-line roads between 
our great centers of traffic and also many more excellent dirt 
roads radiating in all directions and giving our remotest citizens 
convenient free approach to good markets. Whatever will at¬ 
tain this end I shall support heartily. But we need also a system 
of careful, competent supervision of these roads when in use. 
It is poor policy to build a good road and then turn it over to 
the mercy of the elements and of our heavy traffic. “Once good, 
always good,” should be our effective slogan. 

We must understand that the strength of our government rests 
with the training of our whole population. Education for com¬ 
plete co-operation in our civic duties and for friendly competition 
in our industrial affairs must always challenge the support of 
all right-thinking citizens. The school is the nursery of our de¬ 
mocracy. Pennsylvania, under a series of Republican Adminis¬ 
trations, has given much attention to education from kindergarten 
to university. Her people more generously approved. We can 
and we must do more. In this field of public service so univer¬ 
sally significant, I modestly claim to have an experience that this 
Commonwealth may use to its full. I submit that among all the 
candidates we may safely challenge comparison of records in all 
that makes for the conservation of childhood and the progress of 
intelligent citizenry. 


NEEDS NO DICTATION. 

A party that has in a brief period put the nation upon a stable 
and enduring basis of development, that refined a forest and a 
prairie into a nation that has won the admiration of the civilized 
world, that has thrown around our labor and our industry the 


57 


protection essential to the welfare of both, that has developed a 
strong national policy and an aggressive spirit of enterprise, that 
has given haven and home to all oppressed peoples, that has set 
the unsteady powers about it in order, that has not forgotten to 
be generous when just, that has liberated the bondsmen and car¬ 
ried enlightenment and help to the people of the islands of the 
sea, that has been truly progressive without being rash or reac¬ 
tionary—this is the party which now asks your support and 
offers you the best guarantee for your person, your property and 
your happiness. 

We do not need to be told by those whose sole desire is to ad¬ 
vance themselves how to manage and to officer our affairs. We 
are quite competent to do all that among ourselves. We have 
no fear of the outcome. The people of Pennsylvania will care for 
the fame and name of the great Commonwealth; and to the ad¬ 
vancement and prestige of its people the Republican party stands 
pledged by a half century of service and asks now your earnest 
and cordial support. 





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SENATOR PENROSE ON THE ISSUES 


POLICIES OF THE REPUBLICAN PARTY INSURES 
HIGH STANDARD OF LIVING AND PROS¬ 
PERITY FOR THE PEOPLE. 

United States Senator Boies Penrose said: 

The Republican party always has been the advocate and the 
instrument of our national development. In our advocacy of 
national unity and supremacy we inherited many of the great 
traditions of the party of Washington and of Hamilton. Op¬ 
posed to us has been the Democratic party of disunion, reac¬ 
tion, narrow policy and local partisanship. Republicans advocate 
a national policy, a policy which will permit our country grad¬ 
ually to assume the position for which it is destined as the para¬ 
mount and dominating commercial and industrial nation among 
all nations. Instead of hampering business we would promote 
its expansion; instead of doing all we can to restrict and curtail 
the activity of our peopde we advocate doing all we can to pro¬ 
mote and develop it. Since the days of Alexander Hamilton 
down to the Administration of William McKinley, we have ad¬ 
vocated, and when in power we have enacted into legislation, 
tariff laws which embody the principle of protection to American 
industries. 

This policy is suited in a very peculiar degree to the American 
republic. It might not suit any other country in the world in 
all its scope. It certainly can suit no other country to the extent 
that it does the American republic. To many countries it would 
be entirely unsuitable, if not impossible. England is as logical 
for free trade as America is for protection. 

While the British Islands have a small territory, they are com¬ 
pelled to depend on the ocean commerce with the rest of the 
world and to open markets with all countries. Hence their free 

59 



6o 


trade policy. The American republic covers the most fruitful 
part of a continent; it embraces every variety of soil and climate; 
it has a population of nearly 100,000,000 whose general average 
presents a higher degree of education, intelligence and energy 
than that of any other nation in present or past times. Our 
people have a higher standard of living, and are, therefore, 
greater consumers than the inhabitants of any other country. 
Our home market, the American market, is worth to the manu¬ 
facturer more than all the other markets of the world put to¬ 
gether. Our conditions are sufficiently varied and our popula¬ 
tion sufficiently vast and likely to become very much greater, 
thus enabling us to trade largely among ourselves. Such a con¬ 
dition is not presented by any other country in the world. 


DEMAND HIGHER STANDARD. 

We demand a higher standard of living for our wage-earners 
than any other country; in fact, there is no particular evidence 
that the governments of European countries are specially in¬ 
terested in the wage question, provided the wages do not reach 
the starvation point. On the contrary, as the Republic depends 
on the well being and intelligence of its citizens, it should be pre¬ 
eminently our policy to continually advance their standards of 
condition. The State provides the children of the land a good 
education so that they will be able, according to the measure of 
their ability and industry to take advantage of the opportunities 
presented by our free institutions and our fertile domain. Con¬ 
ditions in this country are so entirely different from those of 
any other nation that comparisons and theories are really useless. 
Practical common sense must prevail. 

The situation was profoundly impressed upon the fathers of 
the Republic. The most complete and profound exposition of a 
protective tariff is to be found in the report made by Alexander 
Hamilton as Secretary of the Treasury in obedience to an order 
of the House of Representatives of the 15th day of January, 
1790, requesting information on the subject of manufactures, 



6i 


and particularly as to the means of promoting such as would 
tend to render the United States independent of foreign nations 
for military and other essential supplies. It early occurred to 
the American Congress that we should at least be independent 
of Europe for the munitions of war. Alexander Hamilton never 
displayed his fertile genius to greater advantage than in this 
report. He went far beyond the limits assigned to him. He 
advocated a universal system -of protection to all American prod ¬ 
ucts, including manufactured articles and raw materials. Al¬ 
ready the idea of national independence from the rest of the 
world as a condition befitting a republic such as ours hacl 
impressed itself upon the American statesmen of that day. The 
same thought runs through all the fundamental principles laid 
down by the fathers of the Republic. Washington advised against 
entangling alliances with any foreign nation. Hamilton urged 
industrial and commercial independence. A new race of men— 
the American people—under institutions untried, but which con¬ 
tained within their principles the hope of humanity, established 
the American Republic. Independence was the dominating 
thought of all. 

QUOTES CLAY’S DOCTRINE. 

Hamilton and his political associates advocated this doctrine. 
Henry Clay, in one of his most remarkable speeches in the United 
States Senate, advocated it in the succeeding generation. He 
urged the adoption of an American policy. While cherishing the 
foreign market he urged the creation of a home market to give 
further scope to the consumption of the product of American 
industries'. He declared that the American people should not 
be confined to a few primitive occupations, but that it was the 
duty of Congress to introduce manufactures and a variety of 
pursuits. The extension of business, the giving of employment, 
the augmenting of the national wealth, the creation of a home 
market for our agriculture, all were ardently advocated. If we 
cannot sell, we cannot buy, he said. He declared that the entire 
independence of his country of all foreign states, as it respected 



62 


a supply of its essential wants, had ever been with him a favorite 
ob-ject. He uttered these memorable words: “The War of the 
Revolution effected our political emancipation. The last war 
(1812) contributed greatly toward accomplishing our com¬ 
mercial freedom, but our complete independence will only be 
consummated after the policy of this bill shall be recognized 
and adopted.” 

He declared that a “country which relied upon foreign nations 
for the great essentials of food and raiment was not in 
fact independent. Every nation should anxiously endeavor to 
establish its absolute independence, and consequently be able to 
feed and clothe and defend itself. If it rely upon a foreign sup¬ 
ply that may be cut off by the caprice of the nation yielding it, 
by war with it, or even by war with other nations, it cannot 
be independent. 

The doctrines of Hamilton and of Clay are as orthodox from 
the protectionist point of view as those of McKinley and Dingley. 
We are advocating nothing new. We are urging a principle 
which the greatest statesmen of America have believed in, have 
urged, and have enacted into law since the foundation of our 
government. 


PEOPLE APT TO FORGET. 

People are apt to forget. They do not realize the profound 
significance and importance of the growth and development of 
the protective idea. It has sometimes been used as a reproach 
against protectionists that repeatedly they have changed their 
ground; that they have relied from time to time upon different 
arguments. The charge has an element of truth in it, but the 
change of motive merely marks the accomplishment of one 
object—progress toward a new and great purpose. Attention 
has been called to the resolutions of Congress addressed to 
Alexander Hamilton, aimed to secure the production within the 
country of all things indispensable in time of war. In this form 
it appealed to all the people as of absolute necessity immediately 
after the struggle for independence. Then we had early tariff 


63 


laws, the purpose of which was to protect what were known as 
infant industries. John Stuart Mill, the great exponent of free 
trade, admitted the reasonableness of legislation to encourage 
infant industries, but even this early legislation failed to furnish 
adequate defence against foreign commercial domination. Great 
Britain was able to boast that if she had lost the American 
colonies she had at least retained complete possession of their 
trade. 

Then a new argument for protection was furnished. Political 
independence had been achieved by the War of the Revolution. 
It was evident that it had to be perfected by adding to it com¬ 
mercial and industrial independence. Hence, Clay’s speech in 
the Senate of the United States. Later on the advocates of 
protection developed the doctrine of diversified industries and 
expanded the theory of the home market. The American system 
has become part of the settled policy of our government when¬ 
ever the Republican party has been in power. Whenever this 
system has been enforced the country prospered and developed 
to an extraordinary degree. The population increased greatly, 
and industries multiplied. Our country steadily went forward 
to a foremost position in many of the great industries. Then 
came the last and final argument for protection, because it was 
evident that it was necessary to continue, extend, and complete 
the American system in order to maintain a relatively high rate 
of wages which always has prevailed in this country. A general 
argument was finally presented which appealed to all men, 
whether they were in the manufacturing business or not. 

The objects with which protectionists started, from the time 
of Alexander Hamilton down to that of McKinley, have been 
achieved. Up until within a recent period we were going ahead 
with diversified industries, with an active and prosperous home 
market, with comparatively high wages, with the job seeking 
the man instead of thousands of men seeking jobs, with pros¬ 
perity abounding in all lines of activity and in every walk of 
life to an unprecedented degree. 


6 4 


BECOMES WORLD POWER. 

The Spanish War occurred. The American nation discovered 
that the Republic had suddenly become a world power. Our 
jurisdiction encircled half the globe. An extraordinary impetus 
was given to the activities of the American people. A new and 
splendid ambition filled the minds of all, and that was to enter 
into and possess the markets of the world. It always had been 
maintained by the advocates of free trade that the protective 
system could not logically be coupled with the expansion of 
foreign commerce. They declared the two propositions were 
inconsistent. They urged that we could not restrict commerce 
with other nations and carry on trading over the seas. The 
contrary has been proven the fact. 

Under high protective measures, the Dinglej law and the 
Payne law, our American commerce in foreign markets has in¬ 
creased by leaps and bounds. It had reached enormous dimen¬ 
sions at the close of the last Republican administration. It 
was declared by many publicists to be one of the most astound¬ 
ing facts of the century. Already apprehension was exhibited 
by competing nations as to what was termed the American In¬ 
vasion. 

As part of the protective policy the Panama Canal has been 
constructed and efforts have been made throughout the history 
of the government to build up our merchant marine in order 
that American cargoes could be carried in American bottoms, 
built by Americans, manned by Americans, and owned by 
Americans under the protection of the Stars and Stripes—this 
has been the dream of the protectionist. His efforts toward that 
end have been largely nullified by the same Democratic party 
which has consistently opposed every other measure of protec¬ 
tion to American industries and every other effort to build up 
an American policy and assert our national supremacy. During 
the whole history of the government we have been able to re¬ 
strict the coastwise trade to American built vessels. Only a few 
weeks ago an effort was made by the Democratic party in Con¬ 
gress to repeal even this law, and expose our coastwise fleet, 



65 


which in itself ranks as a merchant marine greater than that 
of any two nations of the world, England excepted, to extinction 
by cheap foreign competition. 


FOR MERCHANT MARINE. 

Republicans urge the building up of the merchant marine as 
strenuously as they do the protection of the American manu¬ 
facturer. In this no class or element in our American community 
has any particular interest beyond the other. Those who have 
been most indifferent to it are perhaps the most concerned. The 
agricultural people of the land, perhaps from not fully realizing 
the situation, have not always been in accord with the building 
up of a merchant marine. To-day they are the chief sufferers, 
with their American cotton, wheat and other products piled up 
in warehouses at the wharves unable to find shipment to foreign 
ports and to a market there because there is not an American 
merchant marine to fly the American flag and take advantage 
of our condition of neutrality to engage in foreign commerce. 

The American system must be for a long time as essential 
a part of our national policy as is the Monroe Doctrine. No 
one can tell what a century may bring forth. Some people, 
even now, talk about the Monroe Doctrine being out of date. 
Others talked up until the last election as if the protective system 
had been outworn and was the cause of many abuses. Recent 
experiences in foreign affairs and recent experiences in in¬ 
dustrial conditions have shown that both theories were without 
any foundation. 


REFERS TO MEXICO TROUBLE. 

No one conversant with the conditions can fail to be impressed 
with the fact that the Monroe Doctrine in the recent troubles 
in Mexico and in the recent complications abroad has been more 
essential to the political independence of our country than ever 
before. No one can witness the industrial depression and see 

3 




66 


the falling to pieces of the splendid industrial and commercial 
structure that had been developed in the country in the last 18 
years and fail to be impressed with the fact that the maintenance 
of the American system of protection to American capital and 
American industry is still an essential part of our national 
policy. 

The trouble is that we forget. New generations of men con¬ 
tinually press forward unfamiliar with the facts and experiences 
of the past. Even the reading of history does not always im¬ 
press the student with a full realization of past national experi¬ 
ences. Perhaps we can only learn by actual contact from genera¬ 
tion to generation with conditions as they really exist. Then, 
too, the unexpected is continually occurring. No one dreamed 
of a war with Spain. All of us deprecated the inhumanities 
and barbarities on the island of Cuba, and President McKinley 
was doing all he could to protect American citizens there and 
relieve the situation. 

Suddenly, however, like a flash from a clear sky, the Maine 
was blown up and war became inevitable. We drove the last 
vestige of monarchial government from the American continent 
and we found ourselves a world power. Who would have 
dreamed a few weeks ago of a general conflagration among the 
nations of Europe? Who would have thought it possible to 
witness the greatest general war in the history of civilization? 
Men all over the country declared that war was impossible among 
civilized nations up to within a few weeks ago. Even the military 
nations of Europe, which urge the maintenance of armament, 
declared that strong armies and navies were not for war, but 
were maintained as an assurance of peace. Men declared that 
war was impossible in this enlightened age, except with inferior 
and barbarous nations as a kind of police measure and for the 
advancement of civilization and the opening of new countries 
for development. Yet we find every theory upset, every belief 
shattered, and the civilized world, ourselves excepted, is involved 
in the dreadful conflict. 


67 


HOME MARKET ARGUMENT. 

What is the result to America? We suddenly hark back to 
the days of Henry Clay, whose great speech probably no one 
has read for many years, unless it be some student of the tariff. 
We find that Clay urged the protective principle in order to 
render us politically independent of Europe. The European con¬ 
flict brought on by the Napoleonic wars, the continental em¬ 
bargoes proclaimed by Bonaparte, and the blockades of the 
English naval forces practically had destroyed our trade. We 
could not get many of the necessaries of life in the way of 
manufactures, we had no market for our products. Qay then 
impressed upon the American people the necessity of maintain¬ 
ing such a market and of having every industry here established 
essential for our well being, our food and clothing, and other 
manufactures. Now we see exactly a similar condition present¬ 
ing itself. We thought we had grown so great that the doctrine 
of protection was no longer needed and that we could get along 
independent of the rest of the world. Where would we have 
been at this juncture had we not established these industries? 
We are in a measure independent, and yet we are paralyzed for 
want of many things which, as an independent nation, we should 
have. We are unable to take prompt advantage of the oppor¬ 
tunities presented by the war in Europe. 

Our merchant marine was swept from the seas during the 
Civil War at a time when we carried over 70 per cent, of our 
American products in American bottoms. The Democratic party 
never permitted the Republican party to provide ship subsidies 
or build up the merchant marine, but defeated such legislation 
by obstructive tactics in Congress, and we never have been able 
to recover our position. To-day we carry less than 9 per cent, 
of American cargoes in American bottoms, and we pay some 
$300,000,000 annually to foreigners who carry our products 
under a foreign flag. In this crisis of the world we are to-day 
depending upon England to keep clear the pathways of the ocean 
with her navy and to furnish vessels to carry American products 
from the farm and mill under the protection of the English flag 


68 


and the guardianship of the British navy.- Not only are we for 
the time being absolutely helpless in connection with the mer¬ 
chant marine, but we are without many of the products essential 
to our own industries. We have been depending upon foreign 
nations for these products because of the inadequacy of our pro¬ 
tective tariff in relation to many schedules and paragraphs even 
under Republican legislation. The chemical schedule has never 
been high enough in any tariff bill and the result has been that 
the very large bulk of our chemicals essential to agriculture and 
to manufactures have not been made in this country, but come 
from Germany and other foreign countries. 


HOW FARMERS SUFFER. 

It has been impossible for us to compete with the low-paid 
skilled labor of Germany, especially, and the consequence is that 
we neither have the knowledge nor the skilled experts to produce 
these for ourselves. Hence, while we may at this juncture find 
our textile manufactures, which were menaced with destruc¬ 
tion by the Underwood tariff bill, stimulated perhaps into a 
temporary activity, we find it utterly impossible to get the dye¬ 
stuff essential to these manufactures. The farmer suffers be¬ 
cause our fields are fertilized by chemicals and compounds which 
come from Germany. About yo per cent, of the dyes we use 
for tanning and the albumen for finishing leather come from 
Germany. Extraordinary to relate, Germany and Italy send us 
75 P er cent, of the flower seeds we plant in our gardens and 
lawns. Germany and France supply a large portion of our radish 
seeds. Germany, Turkey and Russia send us clover seeds. Seeds 
come from Europe for planting peas, parsley, parsnips, turnips, 
cauliflower, onions, cabbages, celery, oats and even grass itself 
and dandelions. 

A great deal of our paper comes from abroad; and our steel 
manufacturers are lamenting their inability to avail themselves 
of the world’s trade so unexpectedly thrown at their feet be¬ 
cause they cannot get ferro-manganese from abroad. We might 



69 

have been making it at home. Only one concern manufactures 
it, and that is located in Pittsburgh. We could have made it at 
home had we been permitted to maintain an adequate tariff, 
and we could also have had most of the other things referred 
to—chemicals and other articles—if we had insisted that such 
industries be established here so that America, according to 
the views of Hamilton, Clay and McKinley, should be independ¬ 
ent politically and industrially of military complications in 
Europe. So we might go on with the list. We cannot lay 
our railroad ties because the creosote comes from Russia. Our 
leather trade is threatened with destruction because we cannot 
get skins from Russia and India. Sugar has soared in price 
because the Louisiana sugar industry has been destroyed and the 
beet sugar industry paralyzed on account of the free sugar 
schedule inserted in the present Democratic free trade measure. 
The supply of sugar suddenly has become restricted to an 
alarming extent on account of the war with Europe. 


INDUSTRY IS DESTROYED. 

Sugar is a staple of life, and governments all over the world 
have been endeavoring to render themselves independent of other 
nations in the production of it. We were in a fair way of 
producing sufficient sugar to supply the wants of our own people 
at a time when sugar was cheap and was costing our people less 
than that of any other nation in the world. This industry 
wantonly has been destroyed. Some $50,000,000 of revenue 
coming from sugar under the Payne law has been thrown away 
and the Administration at Washington is now planning to put 
direct taxes and stamp taxes upon a nation already burdened. 

Thus, after the lapse of a century, from the European conflict 
in the Napoleonic era, and after a similar period from the great 
speech of Henry Clay, we find ourselves in pretty nearly the 
same condition that prevailed then. 

We have had, during the last six months, an illustration of 
the dreadful industrial depression which has resulted to the 



70 


wage-earner and to the capitalist from an abandonment of the 
protective policy; and then suddenly we have with startling and 
unexpected rapidity had forced upon us a full realization of our 
dependence, to a large extent, upon Europe and to a realization 
also that much still remains to be done, if we are to fulfill the 
dream of the founders of our great Republic, and render it self- 
sustaining and independent of all other nations. Depression all 
winter and paralysis from a foreign war at the present time 
ought to be overwhelming arguments to every patriotic and 
thoughtful man in favor of the American system of protection. 


ADDRESS OF FRANK B. McCLAIN 


IMPORTANCE OF POLITICAL ISSUES EFFECT¬ 
IVELY PRESENTED BY CANDIDATE FOR 
LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR. 

Frank B. McClain, candidate for Lieutenant-Governor, spoke 
as follows: 

I am informed that the chief function of the candidate for 
Lieutenant-Governor during the campaign is to shake hands, 
look pleasant and make himself agreeable. Well, all that is easy 
for me in a place where I am as well acquainted and feel so much 
at home as I do in Pittsburgh. 

In the alphabet of distinguished candidates and orators gath¬ 
ered here to-night to address you, I occupy the unimportant posi¬ 
tion of the letter “Z,” therefore, I am not a keynote striker. 
That important duty is for my superior officers in the coming bat¬ 
tle. For the men “higher up,” for Senator Penrose, your candi¬ 
date for United States Senator, and for Dr. Brumbaugh, your 
candidate for Governor. I am sure that after listening to the 
eloquent, logical, convincing speeches made by both of these gen¬ 
tlemen, you will agree that they have struck the keynote of the 
coming campaign to-night. A keynote that will ring throughout 
the Commonwealth and awaken Pennsylvania’s people to the 
necessity of “standing by” the candidates, at the coming election, 
of the political party whose principles and policies have made 
the citizens of the Keystone State prosperous and happy. 


BUSINESS IN THE BLOOD. 

Pittsburgh and hospitality have become synonymous terms. 
Nowhere in this broad land does the stranger with credentials of 

71 




72 


character find a more generous welcome. Nowhere is the door 
opened so quickly, or “come in” uttered more cordially, than in 
this town of smoke and industry. Here is found the true Ameri¬ 
can spirit. Here a man is measured not by what he didn’t do, or, 
might have done, nor, by who his ancestors were, or, what they 
did, but by the practical American, up-to-date test of what has 
he done? 

The very atmosphere hereabouts seems to stimulate and infect 
with that disease which has no medical name, but may be called 
“Business in the Blood.” Unlike other diseases, it builds up. It 
is constructive in its character and effect. It has made Pitts¬ 
burgh, and within a radius of 40 miles, the center of a popula¬ 
tion of 2,000,000; exceeded only by New York, Chicago and 
Philadelphia in a similar radius. It has made Pittsburgh’s bank 
clearances fifth among the cities of the nation. It has been in¬ 
strumental in planting here in the narrow triangle formed by the 
junction of the Allegheny and Monongahela mills and manufac¬ 
turing establishments whose annual output in value runs into 
hundreds of millions, and whose payments in labor, I am in¬ 
formed, are $80,000,000 or more every 12 months. Location and 
nature have contributed some, but it is “Business in the Blood,” 
fostered and stimulated by the Republican party’s policy of pro¬ 
tection, that is primarily responsible for 47 per cent, of all steel 
made in the country being turned out in Allegheny County; 56 
per cent, of all the steel rails; 75 per cent, of the plate glass; 40 
per cent, of the window glass; 56 per cent, of the table glass; 
30 per cent, of all the pig iron; 25 per cent, of all the nails and 
spikes; 75 per cent, of all the wrought iron and steel pipe. But, 
why recite these things in such a presence? Only that you may 
know that we, who reside at a distance, and but rarely have 
opportunity to observe you at close range, admire your great¬ 
ness, applaud your progress, appreciate and indorse your right 
to claim Pittsburgh as the greatest manufacturing city of the 
continent, yes, of the world. 


73 


SCOUTS FREE TRADE. 

It is eminently fitting that the Republican State Committee of 
Pennsylvania should meet to frame its platform and declare the 
principles and policies of the party it represents in this-to-be im¬ 
portant campaign, in the city in which the first Republican Ra¬ 
tional Convention was held for the organization of the party 
February 22, 1856, at which convention was given birth the prin¬ 
ciple that in these United States, “A license fee should be col¬ 
lected from foreign producers and manufacturers for the privi¬ 
lege of selling in the United States articles raised or made here 
and for sale by our citizens and taxpayers. 

There is scarcely a town in Pennsylvania that doesn’t have 
what they call k transient retail merchants’ license, and they enact 
such ordinances to protect the local tradesmen who pay taxes, 
who contribute to the upkeep of parks, streets, churches, schools, 
courts, police protection, fire protection and all other necessary 
accessories of municipal government, against the transient dealer 
who does none of these things and only comes into the com¬ 
munity for his own enrichment. If this be a good policy to pur¬ 
sue in the conduct of our local commerce, it certainly is a good 
policy to apply to our national commerce, and we should stop 
England and Germany and France and Italy and Japan and the 
various other countries that find a market here, the same as we 
stop the peddler with a pack on his back, and make them pay for 
the privilege to sell the same as we make our own people pay. 

The fact that the free trade party is to-day in power in na¬ 
tional affairs was not due to a majority of votes cast for the can¬ 
didate of that party for President. Mr. Wilson is a very much 
minority President and his election was made possible only be¬ 
cause some of our protectionist brothers went a-worshipping 
strange .gods. But many of them have since learned that their 
idol was not a supernatural person, invested with infallibility or 
possessed of all the wisdom in the land, and are now returning to 
the mother creed, which, in their mistaken and misdirected en¬ 
thusiasm, they forsook. 


74 


INTEREST TO TOILERS. 

You men who support yourselves and your families by the hon¬ 
est toil of your hands are much interested in the question of pro¬ 
tection to American industry. You have much at stake; yes, you 
have more at stake than any other element of our citizens. No 
question could arise in American politics that would have a more 
direct bearing upon your comfort, happiness and prosperity. 

The farmer who does not care to sell his crop to-day can sell 
it to-morrow, but the wage-earner must sell to-day his labor of 
to-day, for to-morrow will be too late to sell to-day’s labor. Labor 
cannot be hoarded. The idle day is gone forever. Lost wages 
are never reimbursed. Steady employment and good pay are 
absolutely essential to the best welfare of the American me¬ 
chanic or laborer and his wife and children, and he would be un¬ 
faithful to himself and to them if he did not insist upon the 
adoption of an economic policy that would insure the regular and 
profitable operation of our industrial establishments. 

The Democratic party has always been most fertile in promises, 
but most barren in their fulfillment. In 1912 spell-binders went 
up and down the land telling the people that if the Democratic 
party was put in control of our National Government they would 
make wages higher and the cost of living lower. How they have 
fulfilled that promise present conditions make the answer. Ex¬ 
actly the reverse has been true. Never in all the history of the 
United States has the cost of living been so high, and as for 
wages, not only the rate of pay per hour in most lines has been 
lowered, but, worse than that, in many localities employment is 
now on half time or one-third time, or wiped out altogether. 


TAKES FLING AT BRYAN. 

The smokeless stacks, the motionless lathes, the multiplied ap¬ 
peals for assistance and charity, the army of unemployed, the in¬ 
creasing length of the bread line, and God only knows what the 
length of that line will be this coming winter, tell a story more 
convincing than any that human lips could utter. 



75 


To paraphrase the famous but plagiarized utterance of the 
present misfit Secretary of State, William Jennings Bryan, truly 
has the Democratic party “pressed down a crown of thorns upon 
the brow of labor and crucified industrial prosperity upon a cross 
of depression.” 

By their legislation and regulations in favor of foreign nations 
rather than in the interest of the United States, and by their 
mad effort to wipe out what they call big business, they have 
over-played their hand and have come pretty near to wiping out 
all business. 

Will the people of Pennsylvania, by their votes, indorse the 
practice of the American navy buying its meat supplies from 
the Argentine Republic? Will they say that it is right for both 
army and navy to purchase from lands across the sea, as they 
have been doing, the materials for the American flags that fly 
from our battleships and are carried at the head of our regi¬ 
ments? Will they approve a brand of diplomacy that invites 
foreign nations to come in and help themselves and makes the 
United States’ foreign policy the laughing stock of the European 
powers. Unless I be much mistaken, they will do none of these 
things. Instead, they will go to the polls in November and 
repudiate those who turned prosperity into depression, joy into 
gloom, who would make the goose instead of the eagle our na¬ 
tional symbol, and insofar as tenure of office will permit, send 
them back to the obscurity from which they never should have 
emerged. 


WANTS MERCHANT MARINE. 

They will elect Dr. Brumbaugh and the Republican State 
ticket in Pennsylvania. They will re-elect the Honorable Boies 
Penrose United States Senator. They will elect the Republican 
Congressman-at-large and Republican district Congressmen, com¬ 
mitted to a program of prosperity at home and prestige abroad, 
and that means the repeal of that industry wrecker, the Under¬ 
wood tariff bill. It means the re-establishment of a foreign 
policy that is American in its every fibre and the establishment 




76 


of a merchant marine, that in times of peace, as well as war, 
the products of our farms and workshops may be carried to 
foreign shores in American bottoms, and as well .that the sons 
and daughters of Uncle Sam, when visiting in other climes, 
may have their eyes gladdened with a sight of the Stars and 
Stripes, flying from the top mast of more ships than an oc¬ 
casional Standard Oil schooner. 





f/m,qwT ycuR 
KlOOlNCf ME 


I(,nD?K^ oo0 J 

(rRK'.f *Jr%.\ 


s^ n o 


^NONSENSE, yovFT 

dwrn'd HOC* DUQ this 

fiOLE. AND yoUR "pey— 
Qoht"butted me in t 


They Can't Fool Uncle 


















REPUBLICAN PARTY AND THE STATE 


PROGRESS OF PENNSYLVANIA UNDER WISE LEG¬ 
ISLATION AND HELPFUL CHARACTER 
OF GOVERNMENT. 

An examination of the history of Pennsylvania, under the 
guidance of the Republican party, shows a record of almost un¬ 
exampled progress. The Republican party has managed the 
affairs of Pennsylvania for almost fifty years. Its first Governor, 
Andrew Gregg Curtin, who was elected in October, i860, and 
was sworn into office in the following January. When Andrew 
Gregg Curtin became Governor the Commonwealth was heavily 
in debt; the credit of no State in the entire Union was good, 
nor was that of the National Government; the public school sys¬ 
tem was in its infancy, the appropriations by the State being 
of the most meagre description; our great system of public 
charities was undeveloped and wretchedly administered. In the 
interim the debt has been wiped out; the burden of direct tax¬ 
ation of the people for State purposes removed; immense de¬ 
velopment witnessed in the public schools and in the penal and 
charitable institutions of the State, and not one backward step 
taken. There is not a single one of the splendid American sister¬ 
hood of States that has made more substantial progress in mate¬ 
rial, intellectual or spiritual things. There is not a man or 
woman anywhere in this broad domain who is less burdened by 
taxation by the State than are Pennsylvanians, or who are nearer 
the center of modern civilization. 


THRIFT AND INDUSTRY IN KEYSTONE STATE. 

The study of a few comparative 1910 census figures are re¬ 
quired to a complete understanding of the effect of the Penn¬ 
sylvania character and government: 

78 




79 


Thus, of Pennsylvania’s population of over seven and one- 
half millions, approximately five and one-half millions are scat¬ 
tered over the area of the State upon farms, in hamlets, villages, 
and small cities of less than one hundred thousand inhabitants. 
This rural population is much greater than the total population 
of any of the other States, except those of New York and Illinois, 
and in the case of these two States the rural population, outside 
of the cities of over one hundred thousand inhabitants, is almost 
one million less than in Pennsylvania. It will be noted further 
that Pennsylvania has a relatively small area, and is crossed by 
great mountain ranges which reduce to a large extent the tillable 
area. 

The effect of this great scattered population becomes evident 
to anyone who travels widely over the State’s area. He will 
find innumerable small towns, each busy with its local indus¬ 
tries, and the exchange center for a prosperous farming district. 
On going into the farm lands he will find them in an excep¬ 
tionally high state of cultivation, with well-kept fences and fine 
machinery, properly housed. In fact, in both town and country 
he will find such evidence of thrift, industry and prosperity as 
cannot be equalled in any other State. 

This condition of affairs is, of course, largely resultant upon 
the hardy, virile, conscientious character of our population, but 
it is also in goodly measure chargeable to the helpful character 
of our Government. 

If a committee of impartial, qualified experts should came into 
Pennsylvania for the purpose of studying her government and 
its administrative effect, it would of necessity for a proper ob¬ 
servation have to travel over broad fields of the State and ob¬ 
serve the conditions. If, after such a trip, it returned to Harris¬ 
burg and noted how this great and widely distributed people is 
being helped through its central government by the various de¬ 
partments, it could not but be impressed. Indeed, after it has 
fully digested our great work in forestry, with the million acres 
purchased with economy and guarded efficiently; our waterways 
already beginning to be controlled in their floods and power by 






8 o 


skilled engineers; our educational facilities made possible through 
a school code and vocational law of unusual effectiveness; our 
State work for improving health and reducing contagious and 
malignant sickness; our highway system; our agricultural de¬ 
partment abetted by the State College; our pure foods and just 
measures work; our fine traveling State Library system; the 
economical and efficient system of purchasing and handling the 
public property and of executive accounting; the administration of 
banking and insurance; the widows’ pension work, and the many 
other beneficent activities that are being carried on from the 
Capitol, it could not fail to place this State as a great leader in 
developing a fine and self-reliant citizenry in the United States. 

This committee would be deeply impressed with the fact that 
the laws on the State statute books are being effectively and rea¬ 
sonably enforced; that the present attitude throughout the whole 
Capitol, is to make the primary purpose of government one of 
helpfulness and co-operation with the people rather than merely 
to exercise police power. It would be equally impressed also 
with the spirit of earnestness and desire to accomplish the greatest 
good which at present permeates the whole governmental 
structure. 


THE BURDEN OF STATE TAXATION, 


UNDER PENNSYLVANIA’S MODEL REVENUE SYS¬ 
TEM IT IS BORNE BY THE CORPORATIONS. 

In Pennsylvania the corporations, not the people, bear the bur¬ 
den of taxation for the support of the State Government. There 
was a time, however, when individuals were taxed for State pur¬ 
poses on both real and personal property, but since the Republi¬ 
can party came into power this has been changed so that the only 
tax for State purposes paid by individuals was that upon money 
at interest or investments, such as bonds, mortgages, etc., three- 
fourths of which was returned by the State to the proper coun¬ 
ties; but under the time-honored Republican policy of relieving 
individual citizens from the burden of taxation for State pur¬ 
poses the law was changed in 1913, and the tax is now levied and 
1 collected by the local authorities who retain the full amount 
thereof for local purposes. In 1913 this tax amounted to 
$5,312,175.71, of which amount there was returned to the various 
counties of the Commonwealth the sum of $3,984,131. Since 
1890, the year in which the amount to- K 'd was’increased 

from one-third to three-fourths, ot personal 

property tax collected aggregate / ^00,^0.89, of which 
amount $59,451,419.17 was returned td'me counties. 


RELIEF FROM STATE TAXATION. 

Prior to the change in the taxation of personal property above- 
mentioned individuals had been relieved from the payment of all 
other State taxes by the following Acts: 

Real estate was taxed for State purposes by the Act of 
April 9, 1844. That Act was repealed on February 23, 
1866. 

81 





82 


Horses, mules and cattle were taxed by the Act of April 
29, 1844. This Act was repealed on March 21, 1873. 

Trades, occupations and professions were taxed by the 
Act of April 29, 1844. This tax was abolished June 2, 1871. 

Household furniture, gold and silver watches and pleas¬ 
ure carriages were taxed by the Act of June 11, 1840, and 
that of April 29, 1844. On May 13, 1887, these taxes were 
abolished. 


REVENUES FROM CORPORATIONS. 


The Republican party has always been able to point with great 
satisfaction to its policy requiring corporations to bear the bur¬ 
den of taxation for State purposes. The revenues therefrom at 
all times have been very satisfactory from the viewpoint of the 
individual, but during the administrations of Auditor General 
Sisson and State Treasurer Wright there was a marked increase 
in the valuations of corporations for tax purposes. In some in¬ 
stances the increased taxes were paid voluntarily, while in others 
appeals were taken to the Courts where the cases were prosecuted 
by Hon. John C. Bell, Attorney General, with such signal suc¬ 
cess that every important case was won for the Commonwealth. 

nf^"°~ar,iLY tied up the funds for the time being, 
^ent of millions of dollars in taxes, 
mto the State Treasury. Very re¬ 
cently, as a result of the excision of the Supreme Court in a fa¬ 
mous loan tax case, approximately $1,000,000 was paid into the 
State Treasury. 

A comparison of the receipts from 1904 to 1908, both inclu¬ 
sive with the period from 1909 to 1913 inclusive, will serve to 
illustrate the great increase in the revenues derived from corpo¬ 
rations. For the first period of five years the amount ^collected 
was $77,126,984.96, while for the last five years there was col¬ 
lected the sum of $95,540,638.82, an increase of $18,413,653.86. 

The revenues collected from corporations during the last year 
for which the figures are available were as follows: 


Tfyese appeals 
butlnAlly xr 
together witli 



83 


Capital stock tax . $12,384,593.33 

Corporate loans tax . 2,300,823.48 

Gross receipts tax . 1,881,335.15 

Foreign insurance premiums. 1,631,218.18 

Trust company tax . 1,269,558.98 

Bonus on charters. 938,163.68 

National Bank tax . 932,437.08 

State Bank tax. 145,861.58 

Interest on deposits . 149,484.60 

Accrued interest and penalties. 143,000.00 

Gross premiums tax. 113,988.68 

Miscellaneous. 58,997.99 


Total .$21,949,462.93 


In addition to their State taxes, corporations are required by 
law to pay retail and wholesale mercantile licenses, retail and 
wholesale liquor licenses, brewers’ and distillers’ licenses, and 
other smaller items to the same force and effect as if they were 
not incorporated. The receipts for the year from all kinds of 
licenses were $3,254,884.68, of which $1,782,811.43 were from 
liquor licenses. 


ABLE REPUBLICAN MANAGEMENT. 

The total expenses of the State Government in 1913, including 
those for departments, boards, commissions, etc., was $6,285,- 
914,55. Deducting this sum from the aggregate amount received 
direct from corporations, as above stated, $21,949,462.93, there 
was remaining the sum of $15,663,548.38, which was almost suffi¬ 
cient to meet the Commonwealth’s expenditures for public 
schools, $7,822,697.71; charitable institutions $5,674,355.19, and 
for State and county hospitals for the insane $2,218,467.41; 
total $15,716,520.31. 

In other words, the enormous return from corporation taxes, 
in addition to relieving the individual from State taxation, pro¬ 
vides funds from which the Commonwealth returns annually into 


















8 4 


each county of the State a sum greatly in excess of the amount 
received from it. A statement showing these facts is prepared 
by the Auditor General triannually. The last one is printed in 
his report for the year 1912, at page 797, from which the follow¬ 
ing is copied, showing receipts from and through counties and 
the payments thereto for the year 1912: 


County. 

Adams . 

Allegheny . . 
Armstrong . 

Beaver . 

Bedford 

Berks . 

Blair . 

Bradford ... 

Bucks . 

Butler. 

Cambria 
Cameron ... 

Carbon . 

Centre . 

Chester. 

Clarion. 

Clearfield ... 

Clinton. 

Columbia ... 
Crawford ... 
Cumberland . 
Dauphin .... 
Delaware ... 

Elk. 

Erie . 

Fayette . 

Forest . 


Amount received 
by State from 
County. 

$19,243.17 

1,740,044.45 

43,362.65 

63,241-19 

21,034.40 

247.801.96 
66,522.38 
55,795.60 

100,620.44 
5o,55o-97 
99,576-39 
4,022.32 
40 , 274.06 
28,801.68 
11 5,873-5° 
23,969-55 

34,743.72 

20,056.53 

34,249-55 

54,003.34 

44,464.43 

111.237.97 
136,354.29 

15,524.21 

106,335.17 

117,838.41 

2,897.15 


Amount received 
by County from 
State. 

$148,415.89 

4,037,980.42 

280,091.75 

299,096.45 

183,667.41 

702,452.55 

403,458-60 

260,418.23 

333,028.16 

287,899.47 

613,889.12 

41,281.76 

211.131.46 

195,975-45 

527,993.09 

190.186.46 
385,925.99 

147.186.18 
200,654.75 
283,207.44 

241,184.72 
521,205.91 
470,572.28 
H9,552.36 
477,758-84 

701.928.18 
50,081.21 


Balance in favor 
of County. 

$129,172.72 

2,297,935-97 

236.729.10 

235.855.26 
162,633.01 

454.650.59 

336,936.22 

204,622.63 

232.40 7.72 
237,348.50 

514,312.73 

37,259-44 

170.857.40 
167,172.77 

412.119.59 
166,216.91 

351.182.27 
127,129.65 
166,405.20 

229.204.10 
196,720.29 
409,967.94 
334,217.99 
134,028.15 
371,423.67 
584,089.77 

47,184.06 





























§5 


County. 

Amount receved 
by State from 
County. 

Franklin . 

. $54,502.14 

Fulton . 

8.908.9I 

Greene . 

28,334-31 

Huntingdon ... . 

13,168.16 

Indiana . 

35.801.55 

Jefferson . 

33 . 353-56 

Juniata . 

8,408.96 

Lackawanna .... 

217.396-51 

Lancaster . 

251,865.50 

Lawrence . 

53,90341 

Lebanon . 

145,297-60 

Lehigh . 

147,261.80 

Luzerne . 

383,189.43 

Lycoming . 

69,384.22 

McKean . 

44,749.72 

Mercer . 

52,502.73 

Mifflin . 

10,923.01 

Monroe . 

19,834.43 

Montgomery 

321,886.12 

Montour . 

8 , 735-64 

Northumberland.. 

76,103.80 

Northampton 

135,594.88 

Perry . 

7,861.66 

Philadelphia 

4,775,115-20 

Pike . 

4 , 033-97 

Potter . 

i 7 , 9 i 5-05 

Schuylkill . 

i 75 , 4 io -77 

Snyder . 

14,057.14 

Somerset. 

50,894.20 

Sullivan ........ 

4,636.90 

Susquehanna 

30,991.11 

Tioga . 

24,077.39 

Union . 

13 , 935-88 

Venango . 

43 , 253-37 


Amount received 
by County from 
State. 

Balance in favor 
of County. 

$258,546.86 

$204,044.72 

50,680.59 

41,771.68 

143,670.18 

115,335-87 

167,456.39 

154,288.23 

258,929-7° 

223,128.15 

241,021.11 

207,667.55 

74,280.20 

65,871.24 

991,840.65 

774,444.14 

708,235.61 

456,370.11 

272,038.95 

218/135.54 

256,131-57 

110,833.97 

514,792.39 

367,530.59 

1,166,446.46 

783,257.03 

348,853.08 

279,468.86 

203,654.72 

158,905-00 

3 i 5 , 497-35 

262,994.62 

114,538.83 

103,615.82 

109,230.77 

89,396.34 

762,880.07 

440,993.95 

63,334-98 

54 , 599-34 

450,265.58 

374,161.78 

514,730.07 

379 ,i 3 S-i 9 

109,485.88 

101,624.22 

7 , 74 i , 5 i8 - 6 i 

2,956,403.41 

46,745.10 

42,711.13 

156,190.10 

138,275-05 

766,710.73 

591,299.96 

99,000.36 

84,943.22 

298,208.79 

247 , 3 i 4-59 

80,015.11 

• 75 , 379-21 

179,649.85 

148,658.74 

243,930-7° 

219,853.31 

76 , 603.04 

62,667.16 

264,498.86 

221,245.49 































County. 

Amount received 
by State from 

Amount received 
by Gounty from 

Balance in favor 
of County. 

Warren. 

County. 

. . $48,708.07 

State. 

$175,6o3- 82 

$126,895.65 

Washington .... 

• I 33 . 9 i6 -°° 

632,601.78 

498,685.78 

Wayne. 

12,865.33 

140 , 071.44 

I 27 , 206 .II 

Westmoreland .. 

• I 34 . 709-33 

875,773-06 

741,063.73 

Wyoming . 

11,509.05 

82,455-56 

70,946.51 

York ..... 

• 150 , 455-35 

637 > 6 77- I 4 

487,221.79 


REVENUE SECURITY. 

The general system of taxation for State purposes in Penn¬ 
sylvania is the subject of favorable comment by the taxing au¬ 
thorities of every State in the Union, and many of them are en¬ 
deavoring to adopt it in so far as the same is applicable to their 
conditions. The subject of devising ways and means to meet 
the ordinary expenses of government in many of the States of 
necessity requires more thought and consideration by its states¬ 
men than any other question; meanwhile, by reason of the poli¬ 
cies which have been incorporated into law by the Republican 
party, the people of the Keystone State have a system of taxation 
for State purposes which provides an ever-increasing flow of 
revenue from her corporations in return for the franchises, rights 
and privileges granted to them by the Commonwealth, which has 
caused our citizens to feel more and more every year that the 
time will never come again when they will be required to pay to 
the State taxes upon their real estate, horses, mules, cattle, 
trades, occupations, professions, horses or furniture, gold and 
silver watches and pleasure carriages, bonds, mortgages, invest¬ 
ments or money at interest. 

The receipts of the State Government from all sources for the 
year 1913, being the last year for which there are any returns, 
amounted to $35>348,6 15.3 5, which amount includes the personal 
property tax of $5,312,175.71, which tax was abolished as a State 








87 


one by a recent Act of the Legislature. The total expenditures 
were $37,566,196.27, after the payment of which there was still 
a balance in the State Treasury of $7,564,269.78. The fact that 
Pennsylvania is entirely out of debt and has such a snug balance 
to her credit is justly a great source of pride to her citizens and 
the wonder of the Federal authorities and the fiscal officers of 
every State in the Union. 




THE PARTY AND EDUCATION 


KEYSTONE STATE’S SPLENDID PUBLIC SCHOOL 
SYSTEM MONUMENT TO WISE REPUBLI¬ 
CAN LEADERSHIP. 

For its attitude towards popular education, the Republican 
Party in Pennsylvania has the approval of the people. The 
splendid public school system of this State is a monument to the 
able and beneficent leadership of that party. But even the pub¬ 
lic school system has not escaped the sinister influence of the 
muck-raker. An instance of this type of misrepresentation is 
furnished by a writer connected with the Carnegie Foundation 
who asserted several years ago that Pennsylvania as a whole 
has never come into a conception of education from the stand¬ 
point of the whole people. Fortunately not all the people of 
New England display such dense ignorance of what has been 
accomplished educationally in Pennsylvania. A Boston editor 
writing for the “National Magazine” says:— 


PROGRESSIVENESS OF PENNSYLVANIA. 

“Evidently the Pension Foundation does not know that Penn¬ 
sylvania led the world, Massachusetts even, in the great public 
school awakening of the thirties; that before Horace Mann gave 
Massachusetts its great public school leadership, Governor Wolf 
of Pennsylvania wrote the greatest of educational messages, and 
T-haddeus Stevens at Harrisburg made a greater educational 
speech for the public schools than ever was made even by Hor¬ 
ace Mann. This Pension Foundation seems not to know that 
Pennsylvania s poorest paid country school teachers get much 
better salaries than thousands of teachers in New England; that 
the scholarship standards and professional training in several of 

88 




8 9 


the State Normal Schools of Pennsylvania are fully equal to 
the best in Massachusetts, and in the poorest they are higher 
than in any one of eight Normal Schools in New England; that 
Normal School principals in Pennsylvania get 60 per cent, higher 
salaries than in Massachusetts; that the State of Pennsylvania 
gives more money to her common schools than all of the New 
England States combined; that politics has played no part in 
State school administration for sixteen years. But why empha¬ 
size further this stupendous ignorance of the Pension Foundation 
regarding the Public Schools of Pennsylvania, when its ignorance 
is not confined to that State?” 


WORK OF THE REPUBLICAN PARTY. 

The editor might have added that in teachers’ institutes, di¬ 
rectors’ associations and other educational gatherings, Pennsyl¬ 
vania leads the world. The superiority of our school system in 
these particulars is due to legislation enacted during the time 
the. Republican Party has controlled the State Legislature. And 
in 1911 a new school code was enacted that has won admiration 
and received the plaudits of educators all over the United States. 

Under the administration of Governor Stuart, the biennial 
school appropriation was increased to fifteen million dollars. In 
the last twenty-four years the Legislature has appropriated for 
school purposes a total in excess of one hundred and fifty mil¬ 
lions of dollars. During the preceding fifty-five years in which 
the system was in operation the total of the appropriations did 
not exceed twenty-eight million dollars. The method of distribu¬ 
ting these appropriations has helped the rural districts which have 
no railroads or corporations that could be taxed. A farmer 
owning land of the same value on both sides of the State line 
separating New York from Pennsylvania recently declared that 
his taxes were relatively less in our State than in New York, 
and this he attributed to the method of distributing our liberal 
appropriations to the public schools. 






90 


EDUCATION FOR THE POOR MAN’S SON. 

The Republican Party has aimed to give every boy a chance. 
It has given nominations for office to men who have risen from 
the humblest walks in life. It has made such advancement pos¬ 
sible by offering to them educational advantages enjoyed no¬ 
where else. Whilst foreign countries seek by their school systems 
to perpetuate the distinction between the classes and the masses, 
Pennsylvania has built up a school system which—to use Hux¬ 
ley’s phrase—is like an educational ladder stretching from the 
common school through the high school into the college and the 
university, a ladder on which any youth, if he has the strength 
to climb, can rise into the learned vocations and into the highest 
offices in the gift of the people. The Republican Party has 
enacted legislation which gives the boys and girls not merely free 
tuition, but also free text books and supplies. It has gradually 
lengthened the minimum school term until the average for the 
State is very nearly eight and one-half months. 

In the public school the poor man’s son has the same oppor¬ 
tunity as the son of the rich man while the latter pays the greater 
portion of the taxes for school purposes. The child of the for¬ 
eigner enjoys the same advantages in our public schools as the 
child of native-born parents, and this accounts very largely for 
the favor in which the foreigner has held the Republican Party, 
when for the first time he had the privilege of casting a ballot. 
He as well as his children soon learn to appreciate the public 
schools which, being free to all, gives the foreigner’s son the 
education essential to the highest success amidst American sur¬ 
roundings. 

The first compulsory attendance law was enacted under the 
administration of Governor Daniel Hastings. In the same admin¬ 
istration was enacted the high school law of 1895, which aims 
to open the door to the vocations requiring high skill as well as 
scientific training. There are now about forty vocations which 
are based upon special training superimposed upon a general 
education. These are closed against the average youth who 
does not have access to a good high school. The Republican 


9i 


Party not only does not wish any child to grow up in illiteracy 
and ignorance, but it seeks to give every youth the opportunity 
to make the most of his powers and talents both for his own 
future welfare and for the highest and best service to the State 
and the Nation. 


PENSIONS FOR TEACHERS. 

In the only manner possible under our State Constitution has 
the way been opened for the creation of teachers’ retirement 
funds. The teachers who have spent their years of strength and 
vigor in the education of the young, deserve to be cared for in a 
becoming manner during their declining days. The Constitution 
forbids pensions by the State except in the case of soldiers and 
sailors who have served in the army or navy. Hence the only 
way to provide for aged teachers was to make possible by legis¬ 
lation the raising of local retirement funds. This has been ac¬ 
complished in at least a dozen cities. The Republican Party 
deserves the credit of the enactment of the minimum salary laws 
under which the teachers in our remotest districts get better pay 
than thousands of teachers in New England. 


THE NEW SCHOOL CODE. 

The new School Code enacted under the administration of 
Governor Tener is the largest single piece of school legislation 
enacted at one time in any State of the Union. Its beneficent 
effects have been felt in every school district of Pennsylvania. It 
struck at the root of things by diminishing the size of school 
boards so as to make them efficient for administrative purposes. 
It put an end to all deadlocks due to an even number of directors 
in the school board. It greatly enhanced the efficiency of the 
schools in Philadelphia and Pittsburg by giving the Boards of 
Education independent powers of taxation and by taking the 
appointment of teachers, the purchase of text books and supplies, 
and the erection of school buildings out of the hands of sub- 






92 


district boards. It fixed for these cities a minimum tax levy 
which makes it impossible to starve the schools. It enlarged 
the powers of school boards so as to permit progress in new 
lines of educational effort. It has sowed the seed for an educa¬ 
tional harvest which when it comes to full fruition will greatly 
enhance the efficiency of our public schools. 


PERMANENT STATE SCHOOL FUND. 

The foundation has been laid and the beginning has been 
made for the accumulation of a permanent State school fund. 
A State Board of Education has been provided to administer 
this fund, to criticise the plans for the erection of new school 
buildings, to look after the education of blind babies, and to ac¬ 
quire the property of the State normal schools for the purpose of 
making them State institutions in reality as well as in name. 

Medical inspection has been made possible in the remotest 
school districts of the State. In school districts with a popula¬ 
tion of less than five thousand, the expenses for medical inspec¬ 
tion are defrayed out of the State funds at the disposal of the 
State Commissioner of Health. It is now a universally accepted 
proposition that from the kindergarten to the university the 
school should aim to conserve and improve the health of the 
pupils and to develop all their powers of body and mind into 
health, strength and maturity. Physiology and kindred topics 
are taught from the viewpoint of health and sanitation. There 
is a conscious effort to remove the causes of disease and to pre¬ 
vent the spread of epidemics. The record of vital statistics shows 
that during last year there were 15,000 fewer deaths than the 
annual number which occurred ten years ago. 

A new era has dawned in the construction of school buildings. 
Without lessening the powers and functions of the local school 
boards, the architect of the State Board of Education gives, 
without charge, advice and helpful suggestions with reference to 
plans for new school buildings and sees that there are no -viola- 



93 


tions of law in the heating, lighting and ventilation of school 
rooms and in the amount of air space and floor space assigned 
to each pupil. 


THE STATE NORMAL SCHOOLS. 

In the early days many sacrifices were made in the estab¬ 
lishment of our State Normal Schools. People who could not 
subscribe money donated the toil of their hands by the day. 
Public spirited citizens pledged their property for security in 
order that the buildings and the equipment might not be sold 
by the sheriff. In some instances these early heroes would 
have lost their homes and been reduced to penury if the Legisla¬ 
tures under Republican administrations had not come to the 
rescue and aided the schools to carry on their work. The 
list of high officials, including superintendents, judges, Gov¬ 
ernors and Congressmen who received their education at one 
or the other of these Normal Schools is sufficient evidence of 
good work in the heroic days when students, teachers, stock¬ 
holders and trustees made sacrifices to finance the schools. 
The long list of professional men and women, including not 
merely teachers in our ipublic schools, but also professors, 
lawyers, doctors, dentists, ministers of the gospel, indicates 
the quality of the instruction given in these insitutions. ' 

To-day the State has a much larger equity in these schools 
than the stockholders, and the feeling is well nigh universal 
that the farmers of the school code were wise in providing 
for the gradual purchase of these schools by the State and the 
ultimate extinction of control by the local stockholders. The 
Republican Party can claim the glory of having provided and 
continued free tuition in these schools for all young men and 
women who pledge themselves to teach. No money invested 
by the State has yielded larger returns that the appropriations 
in aid of the Normal Schools, and the new era which is dawn¬ 
ing will not merely eclipse the past, but promises to surpass 
the most ardent expectations of the most sanguine advocates 
upon the floor of the Legislature. 






94 


AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION. 

The last Legislature made a liberal appropriation in aid of 
High Schools and departments to promote argicultural and 
industrial education and the study of household economy and 
the domestic arts. The sane and cautious policy which has 
been inaugurated will prevent the waste of taxpayers’ money 
and yet promote experiments in the direction of progress and 
uplift. 


THE CANDIDATES. 

The renomination of Hon. Henry Houck for another term as 
Secretary of Internal Affairs is renewed evidence of the will¬ 
ingness of the Republican Party to recognize distinguished 
service in the cause of popular education. The nomination 
of Dr. iMartin G. Brumbaugh as the candidate for Governor, 
and Hon. Frank B. McClain as the candidate for Lieutenant- 
Governor is additional evidence pointing in the same direction. 

Dr. Brumbaugh has spent many years of his life in educa¬ 
tional work. He has the “common touch” of the common 
people, knows their trials and struggles, their aims, hopes and 
aspirations, their ambitions for their children and their read¬ 
iness to make sacrifices for education. 

He has been a public school teacher, a county superinten¬ 
dent, a professor and college president, a lecturer at teachers’ 
institutes, a commissioner of education in one of our insular 
possessions, and is now superintendent of the schools of the largest 
city in the State. He drew the act creating the Commission of 
codifying the school laws and served as an efficient member of 
that Commission. His nomination for Governor was a splendid 
tribute to his services as an educator. His entire career has 
fitted him in an eminent degree for public life of the broadest 
scope. And while he is busy dealing with the varied interests 
of all the people of the Commonwealth, he will surely not 
forget the interests of the children and the teachers and the 
schools—interests for which he and the party he represents 




95 


have always been prepared to make their most valiant fights 
and most heroic sacrifices. 

In the nomination of Hon. Frank B. McClain the Republican 
Party has manifested proper appreciation of the meritorious 
services of another friend of the public schools. His entire 
career has shown that he believes in the public schools and 
is their loyal friend. He was himself educated in the public 
High School of his native city. In the Legislature he always 
stood for liberal school appropriations. He helped to secure 
the first appropriation in aid of township High Schools. Later 
he made a successful fight to add one hundred thousand dollars 
to the general appropriation for the purpose of further aiding 
township High Schools. As Speaker of the House he aided 
Governor Stuart to raise the general school appropriation to 
fifteen millions. And when the first minimum salary law was 
hanging in the balance, he made a most elquent speech in its 
favor and turned what seemed to be a defeat into a day of 
victory and rejoicing. 

Hon. Henry Houck, during his long career in the school 
department, was an apostle of sunshine wherever he went. He 
sent the teachers from public gatherings to their school rooms 
with feelings of heartfelt contentment and happiness in their 
work. His popularity led to his promotion to a more lucrative 
office, in which he won such golden opinions that the people 
of his party nominated him for a third term. 

With Dr. Brumbaugh, Mayor McClain and Secretary Houck 
among the standard bearers of the Republican Party, the 
teachers and friends of the public schools will know how to 
vote, and also how to give advice to all who may be in need 
of guidance at the polls. 


LIBERAL APPROPRIATIONS FOR SCHOOLS. 

In 1868 the Legislature appropriated for educational pur¬ 
poses the sum of $500,000, which was nearly 10 per cent, of 
the State’s income for that year. At that time the State was in 




96 

debt in the sum of $33,286,946. This enormous debt was to a 
very large degree one of the legacies from the Democratic ad¬ 
ministration which had been in undisputed control prior to the 
formation of the Rpublican Party. In 1872 the appropriation 
was increased to $700,000, which was the largest amount given 
for this purpose prior to the adoption of the present Constitu¬ 
tion. That instrument wisely provided that the minimum to 
be appropriated annually for the support of common schools 
in Pennsylvania should be $1,000,000, and this was the amount 
given each year until 1887, when the figure was increased to 
$1,500,000. In 1889 the Legislature increased this amount to 
$2,000,000.. In 1891 the revenues of the State having shown 
an increase justifying a larger appropriation, the Legislature 
gave the munificent sum of $5,000,000. In 1893 another half 
million was added, and this amount remained the measure of 
the State's aid until 1907, when it was raised to $7,500,000. 
Similar appropriations were made for the years from that time 
until 1913, when there was added for the next two years 
$52,000 for the support of agricultural schools, $50,000 for the 
support of industrial schools, $18,000 for the support of house¬ 
hold arts schools or departments, and $15,000 for the part pay¬ 
ment of the tuition of pupils who attend vocational schools or 
departments outside of their own districts—a total of $135,000 
for vocational education, in addition to the regular biennial 
school appropriation of $15,000,000. The State's income for 
the year ending November 30, 1913, was $35,348,615.35, so that, 
it will be seen, more than 21 per cent, of the State’s income 
was set apart for education in the public schools. 

Reference to the table printed below will show that since 
1835 the appropriations to common schools reached the 
princely sum of $181,021,968, a truly magnificent showing. No 
other State can show a better record or a more consistent effort 
to aid and uphold a school system. The Republican Party is 
entitled to great credit for this generous attitude of the State 
toward its public schools. 


97 


OTHER APPROPRIATIONS FOR EDUCATION. 

In addition to the sums named above, the State has given 
largely for the establishment of Normal Schools for the train¬ 
ing of teachers; has established and maintained schools for 
the education of soldiers’ orphans; has made appropriations 
of large amounts for the payment of the salaries of County 
superintendents and persons employed in the Department of 
Public Institutions, and within recent years, established town¬ 
ship High Schools for the better education of youth in rural 
communities, and has given large sums for the support of 
higher education in colleges, universities and professional 
schools. 

For the purpose of showing accurately what the Republican 
Party has done in a practical way for the cause of education 
in Pennsylvania, the following statement is given. It covers 
the period from 1835 to date and will be interesting for pur¬ 
poses of comparison:— 


APPROPRIATIONS TO PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 


1835. 

. $75,000 

1851. 

. $200,000 

1836. 

. 75 > 000 

1852. 

. 200,000 

1837. 

. 700,000 

1853. 

. 200,000 

1838. 

. 108,919 

1854. 

. 230,000 

1839. 

. 108,919 

185s. 

. 230,000 

1840. 

. 108,919 

1856. 


1841. 

. 33°,000 

I8q7. 

. 280,000 

1842. 

. 200,000 

1858. 

. 280,000 

1843. 

. 250,000 

1859 . 

. 280,000 

1844. 

. 200,000 

i860. 

. 280,000 

1845. 

. 200,000 

l86l. 

. 308,000 

1846. 

. 200,000 

1862. 

. 303.625 

1847. 

. 200,000 

1863. 

. 316,825 

1848. 

. 200,000 

I864.--- 

. 316,825 

1849. 

. 200,000 

1865. 

. 354,436 

1850. 

. 200,000 

1866. 

. 35 5 > 000 


4 






































98 


1867. 

.... $355,000 

1896. 

.. $5,500,000 

1868. 

.... 500,000 

1897. 

.. 5,500,000 

1869. 

. ... 500,000 

1898. 

.. 5,500.000 

1870. 

.... 500,000 

1899. 

. . 5,500,000 

1871. 


1900. 

. . 5,000,000 

1872. 

. ... 700.000 

1901. 

. . 5,000,000 

1873. 

.... 760,000 

Special. 

250,000 

1874 . 

1875 . 

1876 . 

1877 . 

.... 1,000,000 

... . 1,000,000 

.... 1,000,000 

.... 1,000,000 

1902. 

Special. 

$5,250,000 
. . 5,500,000 
250,000 

1878. 

.... 1,000,000 


$5,750,009 

1879. 

. ... 1,000,000 

1903 . 

.. 5,500,000 

1880. 

.... 1,000,000 

Special. 

250,000 

1881 . 

1882 . 

1883 . 

. ... 1,000,000 

.. .. 1,000,000 

1904 . 

Special. 

$5,750,000 
.. 5,500,000 
250,000 

1884 . 

188 5 . 

.... 1,000,000 

_ 1,000,000 

$5,750,000 

1886. 

.... 1,000,000 

1905. 

.. 5,550,000 

1887. 

. ... 1,000,000 

1906. 

.. 5,550,000 

1888. 

.... 1,500,000 

1907 . 

.. 7,500,000 

1889. 

.... 1,500,000 

1908. 

.. 7,500,000 

1890. 

.... 2,000,000 

1909 . 


1891. 


1910. 

.. 7,500,000 

1892. 

.... 5,000,000 

1911. 

.. 7,500,000 

1893. 

.... 5,000,000 

1912. 

.. 7,500,000 

1894. 

.... 5,500,000 

I 9 I 3 . 

.. 7,500,000 

1895. 

.... 5,500,000 

I 9 H. 

.. 7,500,000 

Appropriations paid to the public schools of the several coun- 

ties of the State for school year ending July, 1913: 


Adams. 

... $41,974.96 

Bedford . 

• $63,349-15 

Allegheny .... 

... 683,796.94 

Berks . 

. 186,255.80 

Armstrong . .. 

• • • 73,078-74 

Blair . 

• 95,739-48 

Beaver . 

■ • • 72,542.76 

Bradford . 

. 81,026.98 


































































99 


Bucks . 


Butler. 

• • 65,645.96 

Cambria . 

• • 139.739-78 

Cameron . 

.. 10,149.70 

Carbon . 

• • 54,345-72 

Centre . 

.. 56,528.35 

Chester . 

.. 99,069.51 

Clarion . 

.. 53,102.49 

Clearfield . 

•• 103,775.72 

Clinton . 

.. 40,900.44 

Columbia . 

.. 62,114.72 

Crawford. 

.. 85,615.00 

Cumberland ... 

.. 60,791.80 

Dauphin . 

• • 118,13547 

Delaware . 

. . 90,537.20 

Elk . 

• • 43 , 554-34 

Erie . 

.. 122,33777 

Fayette. 

. . 139,426.62 

Forest . 

. . 15,828.80 

Franklin . 

. . 72,600.18 

Fulton . 

.. 14,923-82 

Greene . 

• • 36 , 579 - 9 i 

Huntingdon . . 

... 50,565-54 

Indiana . 

75 , 590-58 

Tefferson . 

. . . 66,700.67 

Juniata . 

. . $22,269.12 

Lackawanna ... 

•• 2 3 2 . I 55-°5 

Lancaster. 

.. 147,288.53 

Lawrence. 

.. 66,224.40 

Lebanon . 

.. 61,636.45 


Lehigh . $97,773-12 

Luzerne . 312,039.88 

Lycoming . 86,495.67 

McKean. 54,432.81 

Mercer . 82,856.65 

Mifflin . 30,949.26 

Monroe . 32,011.50 

Montgomery .... 144,220.91 

Montour . 16,885.12 

Northampton _ 118,199.74 

Northumberland . 112,724.00 

Philadelphia .907,571.98 

Perry. 35,217.42 

Pike . I3P54-04 

Potter . 43 . 395 - 12 

Schuylkill . 192,178.96 

Snyder . 24,915.30 

Somerset. 77,290.46 

Sullivan . 19,721.89 

Susquehanna .... 53,367.97 

Tioga . 60,668.91 

Union. 20,136.43 

Venango . 60,643.40 

Warren . 56,258.82 

Washington ..... 123,742.72 

Wayne . 44,489.64 

Westmoreland ... 187,209.68 

Wyoming. 25,728.47 

York. 153.93075 


























































War in Pennsylvania 






















DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND 
INDUSTRY. 


EFFECTIVE LEGISLATION FOR PROTECTION OF 
WAGE EARNERS OF KEYSTONE STATE. 

The Department of Labor and Industry has been an organiza¬ 
tion since the act creating it was signed by Governor John K. 
Tener, June 2, 1913. It therefore has been in existence but a 
year. This new department is entrusted with the enforcement 
of the large group of labor laws in effect in the Commonwealth 
and more particularly has been charged with the responsibility 
for guarding the safety, health and welfare of those who labor 
in the industries, and of promoting in such ways as may be feas¬ 
ible the prosperity of the industries themselves. 

One of the first important moves of the department was to 
call together a great convention of employers and employees for 
the purpose of studying labor conditions and methods for insur¬ 
ing the safety and health of the worker. This convention had 
a total enrollment of approximately two thousand people; and 
the employers and employees sitting side by side in the same hall 
frankly discussed their relations with one another and the prob¬ 
lems of their business. This was the first great conference of 
this kind ever held in the United States, and was the beginning 
of a series of educational safety meetings held throughout the 
State. 


EFFICIENCY OF FACTORY INSPECTION. 

The officers in the department discovered upon entering upon 
their duties of guarding dangerous machinery and places that 
there were no suitable sets of standards obtainable in the country 
upon which to base work of this kind. Factory inspectors in 
this and other States had, to a large extent, been ordering em- 

101 







102 


ployces to remove dangerous or unhealthy conditions, but in many 
cases were unable to give information and knowledge as to how 
the bad conditions could be remedied. Therefore, as a first step, 
the department called together committees of employers and em¬ 
ployees who are expert in their own fields to aid it in drawing 
up instructions and standards whereby not only could dangerous 
places be discovered, but the remedy at once applied. So far a 
score of committees of this kind, numbering from ten to twenty 
persons each, have met and drawn up codes which are probably 
the best to be found in the country and will be, in many instances, 
adopted in other States. These committees dealt with such sub¬ 
jects as theatres, foundries, electrical machinery, cranes, ele¬ 
vators, boilers, fire prevention, sanitation, etc., etc. The small 
army of men composing these committees have given on the aver¬ 
age several days each, without compensation either for their time 
or their traveling expenses. Moreover, they have without ex¬ 
ception been men who are experts and leaders in their particu¬ 
lar fields. 


REPORTS ON ACCIDENTS. 

During the first six months of 1914 approximately twenty-eight 
thousand inspections of industrial establishments were made, 
which means, with improving efficiency, not less than sixty thou¬ 
sand inspections for the calendar year—a creditable record, when 
compared with sister departments. These inspections not only 
include a careful study of the dangerous places, but also of the 
sanitation and the enforcement of the labor laws. The number 
of guards installed in the present calendar year will be approxi¬ 
mately one hundred and ten thousand, about half of that num¬ 
ber having been installed in the first six months. 

Employers are required to report to the department serious ac¬ 
cidents. At present about four thousand such reports are being 
received per month, i. e., there will be in the neghborhood of 
fifty thousand for the calendar year. The accident reports are 
tabulated in such a way as to show the nature of the accident 
and how it occurred. With such a large bulk of accidents this 



103 


information gives us an unexcelled method for determining the 
causes of accidents and thus of reducing their recurrence, and 
also for working out fair and just rates of accident compensation 
prior to the passage of such a compensation law as is undoubtedly 
demanded by our people. Several hundred of the accidents re¬ 
ported have been personally investigated to aid the department 
in its work. Each accident report must undergo a score or more 
of operations to make its lesson clear, and thus the handling of 
the year’s total is no mean project. To make this and other di¬ 
visions of the department work most effective, a committee of 
prominent employers and employees, with officials of the United 
States and several other States, will meet in Harrisburg in July 
for the purpose of examining the methods now in use and sug¬ 
gesting improvements therein. 

Plans for large numbers of new motion pictures theatres, fire 
escapes, lodging houses, factories, etc., have been submitted to the 
department in accord with the law for study and approval. This 
work and the inspection of such public places is being given much 
time and thought in order that no new establishments may be 
erected which do not provide safety from fire to their inmates and 
in order that those now in existence may be made reasonably 
secure. It is hoped to avoid in Pennsylvania, as far as possible, 
the danger of the awful holocausts that periodically astound our 
people. 


CHILD AND WOMEN LABOR LAWS. 

The child’s and the woman’s labor laws have been put into 
force, and though there may be infractions of these laws, it 
can be found readily, by inquiry, that they are observed quite 
generally throughout the State. This observance is becoming 
more and more effective as time goes on. Fire drills are being 
rapidly established over the Commonwealth; the poisonous in¬ 
dustries are actively grappling the problem of protecting their 
employees from contact with poisonous substances, fumes or dust; 
a campaign against unsanitary mattresses is being inaugurated; 
and the various other acts, for the enforcement of which the de- 






104 


partment is responsible, are being made effective as rapidly as 
the resources available permit. 

To gain information needed by both the people and the depart¬ 
ment, investigations are under way (in accord with the law) 
regarding the industrial conditions confronting the immigrant 
in this State; relating to the character and compensation of work 
offered women in the department stores of one of our cities; 
and concerning the labor condition in one of our smaller manu¬ 
facturing towns. 

With the co-operation of the Department of Health in Phila¬ 
delphia, work has been begun to determine the physical fitness of 
youths between fourteen and sixteen who apply for employment 
certificates. It is hoped that, with the aid of the State Depart¬ 
ment of Health and local health boards, that this valuable work 
may be greatly extended this year, though additional legislation 
is needed to make it fully effective. 


PRODUCTION AND LABOR STATISTICS. 

The department has gathered for its own uses and for the 
benefit of the public a directory of the Pennsylvania industries 
and associations of employers and employees. This work is 
ready for publication. It has also gathered and has on file pro¬ 
duction and labor statistics from some eighteen to twenty thou¬ 
sand industrial establishments which are now being largely used 
and will be of further value to the public when printed. It has 
issued many pamphlets containing various labor laws, and par¬ 
ticularly has gathered together a compilation of all of the labor 
laws which have been enacted in Pennsylvania and decisions 
thereupon, with comments of explanation. The last compilation 
is of particular value to employers, employees, members of the 
department, and for legislative reference. So far as is known, no 
similar compilation has been made in other States. A monthly 
bulletin for publishing the findings of the States Industrial Board 
and useful information concerning safety and health has been 
established. 



105 


In all, the department has mailed during the twelve months of 
its existence, between a half million and a million letters, pamphlet 
laws, and other information needed by the industries. 


ADJUSTMENT OF LABOR DISPUTES. 

One function of the department is to aid employers and em¬ 
ployees in settling disputes and differences. Representatives have 
gone, in accord with the law, to the ground wherever serious 
difficulties of this character have occurred and offered their serv¬ 
ices as mediators or arbitrators, as the case may be. In a large 
percentage of these cases, the department has either been able 
to bring the two parties together, with the resultant ending of 
the troubles, or has been able, if on hand in time, to prevent the 
trouble from materializing in a stoppage of work. The experi¬ 
ence so far gained is sufficient to show the great usefulness of the 
State Department in this work. “Unemployment,” whether 
caused by labor differences, seasonal occupations, lack of skill 
or fitness, hard times, accident, sickness or otherwise, represent 
possibly the greatest economic loss in the Commonwealth and 
this loss has involved with it much serious hardship and suffering. 
Therefore the department is gathering information upon the sub¬ 
ject which it is hoped may prove a basis for reducing this waste 
with a consequent increase of prosperity to labor and industry 
and therefore the Commonwealth. 


DEPARTMENT OF MINES. 

The tremendous importance of the coal industry of Pennsyl¬ 
vania is realized only when one notes the magnitude of the 
production and appreciates its inestimable value as a source 
of light, heat and power. It is the foundation on which the 
great superstructure of industries in this State has been reared 
during the past fifty years, and has made Pennsylvania prom¬ 
inent as a manufacturing center. 

In view of the importance of the coal industry to the com- 







io6 

mercial welfare of the community, and with a desire to safe¬ 
guard the lives and health of the great army of employees 
and protect the property of the operators, the best thought of 
mining men has for many years been given to devising laws 
and formulating rules of practical application that would afford 
satisfactory protection to all interests. 

As far back as 1870, State inspection of mining operations 
began in the anthracite region, under an act passed by the 
Legislature of that year. The production of coal at that time 
was 14,000,000 tons annually, the number of employees was 
3,500 and the number of State inspectors 3. In 1913 the pro¬ 
duction had increased to 91,000,000, the number of employees 
to 175,000 and the number of inspectors to 21. 


WORK IN MINING DISTRICTS. 

The first bituminous law was passed in 1877. The produc¬ 
tion at that time was 1,000,000 tons annually, the number of 
employees 1,600 and the number of State inspectors 3. In 
1913 the production had increased to 173,000,000 tons, the 
number of employees 190,000 and the number of inspectors 
to 28. 

The 365,000 employees, with those dependent upon them, 
represent probably a million and a half of our population. 

Laws have been enacted from time to time to meet the 
changed conditions of the industry, and as Pennsylvania ranks 
first as a producing State, every effort has been made to keep 
her first in the adoption of remedial and preventive mining 
legislation. 

In the preparation of recent laws those of Great Britain, 
Germany and France, all old mining regions, were given care¬ 
ful consideration. Every provision that could be applied prae 
tically and beneficially to the conditions in this State was 
adopted. The result is that the Pennsylvania laws to-day, 
while susceptible of improvement, are probably the most com¬ 
prehensive and efficient in existence. They cover in detail 
every possible condition that might lead to accident or menace 




io7 


the health of the mine workers or endanger the property of 
the operators. 

To give proper control and supervision to this great in¬ 
dustry, so valuable to the people, employing as it does so vast 
an army of men, the State Bureau of Mines was established 
in 1897. In 1903 the State Department of Mines was created, 
with enlarged powers and more thorough control, to supersede 
the Bureau of Mines. 


VALUE OF COAL PRODUCTION. 

The Chief of the Department of Mines receives his appoint¬ 
ment from the Governor and must be qualified by having had 
at least ten years’ practical experience as a miner and be a 
man of integrity, temperate habits and good repute. 

The position is one of great responsibility, as it develops 
upon the chief of the department to see that the mining laws 
of the Commonwealth are enforced by the inspectors and com¬ 
plied with by the operators and employees. 

Under his supervision are 49 district mine inspectors, 21 in 
the anthracite region, who are elected for a term of four years, 
and 28 in the bituminous region, who are appointed by the 
Governor for a like period. 

The inspectors must be qualified by having had five to ten 
years’ practical experience in the mines and must undergo a 
rigid examination before they are eligible for the office. 

The annual value of the output of coal in Pennsylvania ex¬ 
ceeds greatly the total annual value of all the copper, gold and 
silver mined in the United States. The copper output in 1911 
amounted to $137,154,092; gold, $96,890,000; silver, $32,615,700, 
or a total of $266,659,792. The total output of coal was valued 
at the mines at $350,000,000, and at points of distribution, 
$750,000,000. 

Pennsylvania leads all other States in the magnitude of its 
production. The United States produces one-third of the en¬ 
tire coal tonnage of the world, and of this amount Pennsyl¬ 
vania has the distinction of producing about one-half. 






io8 


By the use of our coal we are enabled to produce annually 
pig iron valued at about $170,000,600, or almost 50 per cent, 
of the total production of the United States; coke to the value 
of about $60,000,000; rolled iron and steel to the value of 
$350,000,000. 


ACCIDENTS. 

Many accidents occur in the mining of coal, and occasionally 
they assume proportions of appalling magnitude. Explosions 
of gas and dust create the most havoc and are frequently at¬ 
tended by scenes of confusion and horror that can only be 
described by the most vivid word-painting. 

Such catastrophes, however, are comparatively rare. The 
greatest loss of life is caused by the frequent small accidents, 
in which only one or itwo persons are killed. They are due 
generally to falls of coal or rock or to powder or mine cars. 
Constant association with danger robs the worker of fear. He 
grows indifferent to the peril that lurks in the overhanging 
roof and fails to prop it, and the result is probably death. Or 
he allows his open light to gat too close to the powder and 
the inevitable flare-up occcurs. Or he fails to note the ap¬ 
proach of the mine car and is run down or crushed. Fifty per 
cent, of the accidents are due to negligence or carelessness. The 
fatalities in and about the mines, however, notwithstanding the 
many perils that constantly menace the workers, are fewer in 
number proportionately than among railway employees. 

Comparisons with other mining territories show that Penn¬ 
sylvania conducts her 2,000 mines and extracts with great 
rapidity ithe enormous annual output of about 250,000,000 tons 
with a notable degree of care and safety. The percentage of 
fatalities is about the same as in Great Britain, but Penn¬ 
sylvania miners extract at least three times as much coal as the 
English miner. 





io9 


FIRST-AID CORPS. 

This modern and unique method of rendering help in time 
of emergency has been constantly growing in favor. The first 
organization of the kind in Pennsylvania, and probably in the 
United States, was the corps organized at the Jermyn colliery of 
the Delaware and Hudson Company in 1899 by Dr. M. J. Shields, 
a practicing physician and surgeon in the anthracite region. 
Since that time the beneficent work has been extended until at 
almost every colliery will be found a well-organized first-aid 
corps ready at any moment to render prompt and efficient assist¬ 
ance to the injured. The larger mines in the bituminous region 
also maintain corps that are thoroughly equipped and drilled to 
the highest point of efficiency. 

First-aid work comes under two heads—first, the providing of 
proper material for first-aid dressing, and, second, seeing to it 
that wherever a considerable number of men are employed there 
shall be somebody who is thoroughly instructed in the details of 
the work. 


EDUCATION OF MINERS. 

The effort to raise the standard of intelligence among the 
mining communities and to afford opportunity for moral and 
mental improvement has been continuous from the time the in¬ 
dustry first assumed proportions of magnitude that made it a 
factor in our economic life. Higher wages, shorter hours, educa¬ 
tional advantages, hospitals for the injured, first-aid corps to ren¬ 
der assistance when accidents occur, compensation for injured 
workmen and relief funds for the needy have all been made 
the subject of thought and action by the individual and the State 
It is a recognized fact that in order to decrease the dangers 
of mining the greatest need is the education of the mine workers. 
The danger to be apprehended from workers who are not only 
unskillful and inexperienced, but also ignorant of the English 
language and therefore incapable of understanding the rules and 
instructions can scarcely be over-estimated. Two-thirds of the 







no 


mine workers of the State are foreigners, speaking thirty differ¬ 
ent languages, and the realization of the menace these men are 
to themselves and their fellow workmen, coupled with the in¬ 
sistent demand in recent years for greater efficiency in all lines 
of effort, has greatly influenced conditions in the coal mining 
regions, and there has been marked advance in methods of edu¬ 
cation. Mining institutes, vocational schools, the Young Men’s 
Christian Association and the Scranton Correspondence Schools 
all afford most practical and at the same time inexpensive courses 
of instruction. 

The mining institutes and vocational schools are the direct re¬ 
sult of present-day needs. They are a recent development, and, 
while they are unique in character, they are most practical in their 
methods of instruction. The former are a combination of a lec¬ 
ture course and a debating society. The latter, as conducted by 
the coal companies, afford courses of study covering many im¬ 
portant subjects connected with mining. 

By these various inexpensive and easily accessible methods of 
education, the miners who are ambitious may fit themselves for 
higher positions, and their children, who may just be entering 
upon their careers in the busy world, may do much to increase 
their efficiency in whatever field of activity they may choose to 
enter. 


PENNSYLVANIA LABOR LEGISLATION. 

Here is a partial list of laws enacted by the Republican party 
for the benefit of the working men and women of this State, many 
of which have been strengthened by the enactment of amend¬ 
ments, until to-day the labor laws of Pennsylvania are accepted 
as models for labor legislation by other States: 

An act to prevent the employment of female labor in and about the 
coal mine and the manufactories thereof in the State of Pennsylvania. 
(Session 1885, P. L., page 202.) 

An act relating to bituminous coal mines and providing for the lives, 
health, safety and welfare of persons employed therein. (Session 1885, 
P. L.y page 205 .) 




Ill 


An act to provide for the health and safety of persons employed in 
and about the anthracite coal mines of Pennsylvania, and for the pro¬ 
tection and preservation of property connected therewith. ( Session 1885, 
P. Lpage 218.) 

An act for the preservation of the health of female employees in 
manufacturing, mechanical and mercantile establishments. ( Session 1887, 
P. L. } page 7.) 

An act to limit the hours of labor of conductors, drivers and em¬ 
ployees of horse, cable and electric railways. ( Session 1887, P. Lpage 
13-) 

An act to secure to laborers within this Commonwealth the benefit of 
the exemption laws of this Commonwealth and to prevent assignment of 
claims for the purpose of securing their collection against laborers out¬ 
side of this Commonwealth. ( Session 1887, P. L., page 164.) 

An act to prohibit the employment of any child under the age of 
twelve years by any person, persons, firms, companies, associations or 
corporations, to do any work in any mill, manufactory or mine, or any 
work pertaining thereto. ( Session 1887, P. Lpage 287.) 

An act to provide for the examination of miners in the anthracite 
region of this Commonwealth and to prevent the employment of incom¬ 
petent persons as miners in the anthracite coal mines. ( Session 1889, 
P. L., page 142 .) 

An act to regulate the employment and provide for the safety of 
women and children in mercantile industries and manufacturing estab¬ 
lishments, and to provide for the appointment of inspectors to enforce the 
same, and other acts providing for the safety or regulating the employ¬ 
ment of said persons. ( Session 1889, P. L., page 243.) 

An act to provide for the health and safety of persons employed in 
and about the anthracite coal mines of Pennsylvania and for the protec¬ 
tion and preservation of property connected therewith. ( Session 1891, 
P. L.y page 176.) 

An act to prohibit mining and manufacturing corporations from en¬ 
gaging in the business of carrying on stores known as company stores or 
general supply stores. ( Session 1891 , P. L. } page 256.) 

An act to protect the life and limbs of those employed in the con¬ 
struction of new buildings in this Commonwealth. ( Session 1893, P. L., 
page 41.) 

An act to authorize corporations organized for profit under the laws 
of Pennsylvania to make allowances or pensions to employees for faithful 
and long-continued service, who in such service have become old, infirm 
or disabled. ( Session 1893, P. L-, page 42 .) 

An act relating to bituminous coal mines and providing for the lives, 
health, safety and welfare of persons employed therein. (Session 1893, 
P. L., page 52 .) 




112 


An act to establish boards of arbitration to settle all questions of 
wages and other matters of variance between capital and labor. ( Session 
1893, P. page 102.) 

An act to regulate the employment and provide for the safety of 
women and children in manufacturing establishments, mercantile indus¬ 
tries, laundry or renovating establishments, and to provide for the ap¬ 
pointment of inspectors to enforce the same, and other acts provided for 
the safety or regulating the employment of said persons. ( Session 1893, 
P. L., page 2/6.) 

An act to regulate the employment and provide for the safety of 
persons employed in tenement houses and shops where clothing, cigarettes, 
cigars and certain other articles are made, or partially made, and to pro¬ 
vide for the appointment of inspectors to enforce the same, and to provide 
for the safety and regulating the employment of said persons. ( Session 
1895, P • L; Page 34 •) 

An act to provide for the adoption of trade-mark, labels, symbols or 
private stamps by incorporated associations or union of working men, and 
to regulate the same. ( Session 1895 , P. L., page 95.) 

Supplement construing and amending the same. ( Session 1901, P. L., 
page 114.) 

An act providing that none but citizens of the United States shall be 
employed in any capacity in the erection, enlargement or improvement of 
any public building or public work within this Commonwealth. ( Session 
1895, PL. } page 269.) 

An act to regulate the employment and provide for the health and 
safety of persons employed where clothing, cigarettes, cigars and certain 
other articles are made or partially made, and that certain articles be made 
under clean and healthful conditions. ( Session 1897, P. L., page 42.) 

An act to protect employees of corporations in their right to form, 
join or belong to labor organizations by prescribing penalties for any 
interference therewith. ( Session 1897, P. page 116.) 

An act to prevent the wearing of the badge or button of any labor 
or fraternal organizations by other than members, and fixing a penalty 
for the same. ( Session 1897, P. L., page 139.) 

An act to authorize labor claimants in certain cases to take joint appeals. 
(Session 1897 » P- P-, page 154.) 

An act regulating the employment of foreign-born unnaturalized male 
persons over twenty-one years of age, and providing a tax on the employ¬ 
ers of such persons, and prescribing a penalty for violation of the pro¬ 
visions of said act, and directing the manner of collecting the same, and 
providing that the amount of such tax may be deducted from the wages 
of persons affected by the provisions thereof. (Session 1897, P. L,., page 
1 ( 5 ( 5 .) 

An act requiring the weighing of bituminous qq^I before screening 





and providing a penalty for the violation thereof. (Session 1897, P- L., 
page 286.) 

An act to protect the lives and limbs of miners from the dangers re¬ 
sulting from incompetent miners working in the anthracite coal mines of 
this Commonwealth, and to provide for the examination of persons seek¬ 
ing employment as miners in the anthracite region, and to prevent the em¬ 
ployment of incompetent persons as miners in anthracite coal mines, and 
providing penalties for the violation of the same. ( Session 1897, P. L., 
page 287.) 

An act to regulate the hours of labor of mechanics, working men and 
laborers in the employ of the State, or municipal corporations therein, or 
otherwise engaged on public works. (Session 1877, P. Z,., page 148.) 

An act to amend the 10th Section of an act entitled “An act to pro¬ 
vide for the health and safety of persons employed in and about the 
anthracite coal mines of Pennsylvania, and for the protection and preser¬ 
vation of property connected therewith,” approved the 2d day of June, 
A. D. 1891, providing that self-acting doors are used. (Session 1899, 
P. L., page 65 .) 

An act providing that all establishments, mercantile industries, laun¬ 
dries, renovating works or printing offices shall provide for the safety of 
men, women and children in hotels, school buildings, etc., by requiring 
proper fire escapes. (Session 1901, P. L., page 322.) 

An act relating to anthracite mines and providing for the care and 
life and attention of employees injured in and about said mines. (Session 
1901, P. L. } page 342 •) 

An act to tax all orders, checks, dividers, coupons, pass-books or other 
papers representing wages or earnings of an employee, not paid in cash 
to the employee or member of his family; to provide for a report to the 
Auditor-General of the same, and for the failure to make report. (Session 
1901, P. L., page 596.) 

An act to provide for the acceptance of the property of the Lacka¬ 
wanna Hospital at Scranton to be used as a State hospital for the northern 
anthracite coal regions of Pennsylvania. (Session 1901, P. Lpage 775 -) 

An act prohibiting the discharge from public positions of Union soldiers. 
(Session 1897 , P. L. } page 106.) 

An act amending the mine law, increasing the number of inspectors 
for the better protecting of the life and health of the anthracite miners. 
(Session 1901 , P. L., pages 535 and 541 .) 

An act to provide a miners’ home for old, crippled and helpless em¬ 
ployees of the coal mines of Pennsylvania. (Session 1903, P. L., pages 
248-250 .) 

An act appropriating $5,000 to cover preliminary expenses for a miners’ 
home or homes. (Session 1905, P. Lpage 542 .) 

An act regulating the employment of children in and about any an- 




thracite coal mine or colliery, prohibiting the employment of any persons 
under the age of sixteen years. ( Session 1905, P. L., pages 344-350.) 

Resolution, That the Secretary of Internal Affairs be and he is hereby 
authorized to have published each year in his annual report on the mining 
industry a copy of the laws regulating mining in both anthracite and bitu¬ 
minous regions of Pennsylvania. ( Session 1895, P. L., page 647.) 


An act establishing a Bureau of Mines in the Department of Internal 
Affairs of Pennsylvania, defining its purpose and authority, providing for 
the appointment of a Chief of said Bureau and assistants, and fixing their 
salaries and expenses. ( Session 1897, P. L., page 279.) 

An act for the better protection of employees in and about the coal 
mines, by preventing mine superintendents, mine foremen and assistants 
from receiving or soliciting any sum of money, or other valuable consid- 
ration, from men while in their employ, and providing a penalty for violation 
of the same. ( Session 1897, P. L., page 157.) 

An act to amend Article IX, Section 1, of an act entitled, “An act to 
provide for the health and the safety of persons employed in and about 
the anthracite coal mines of Pennsylvania, and for the protection and 
preservation of property connected therewith,” approved June second, one 
thousand eight hundred and ninety-one. Also amend Section 17 of an 
act entitled, “An act relating to bituminous coal mines and providing for 
the lives, health, safety and welfare of persons employed therein.” {Ses¬ 
sion 1903, P. L. y pages 359-36 o.) 

An act increasing the number of mine inspectors in the anthracite mining 
region. ( Session 1905, P. L., pages 363-368.) 

An act to provide for the health and safety of minors in certain em¬ 
ployments by regulating the ages at which said minors may be employed, 
their hours of employment, their protection against injury, and to pre¬ 
scribe rules for the obtaining of employment certificates, and providing 
penalties for violation of the provisions thereof. ( Session 1909, P. L., 
page 283.) 

An act to provide for the health and safety of minors in bituminous 
coal mines and anthracite collieries or breakers, by regulating the ages at 
which said minors may be employed, their hours of employment, and to 
prescribe rules for the obtaining of employment certificates, and providing 
penalties for violation of the provisions thereof. ( Session 1909, P. L. f 
Page 375 •) 

AN ACT 


To repeal an act entitled, “An act to provide payment to the miner for 
all clean coal mined by him,” approved the thirteenth day of June, 
one thousand eight hundred and eighty-three, which reads as follows: 
“Section 1. Be it enacted, etc., That from and after the passage of 
this act, all individuals, firms and corporations engaged in mining coal in 
this Commonwealth, who, instead of dumping all the cars that come from 
the mine into a breaker or chute, shall switch out one or more gf the 


cars, for the purpose of examining them and determining the actual 
amount of slate or refuse by removing said slate or refuse from the car, 
and who shall, after so doing, wilfully neglect to allow the miner in full 
for all clean coal left after the refuse, dirt or slate is taken out at the 
same rate paid at the mine for clean coal, less the actual expense of 
removing said slate or refuse they shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. 

“Section 2. That any individual, firm or corporation as aforesaid 
violating the provisions of this act, upon suit being brought and convic¬ 
tion had, shall be sentenced by the court to pay a fine not more than one 
hundred dollars ($100.00), and to make restitution by paying to the miner 
the amount to which, under this act, he would be entitled for the coal 
mined by him, and for which he was not paid,” approved the thirteenth 
day of June, one thousand eight hundred and eighty-three, be and the 
same is hereby repealed. (Session 1909, P. L., page 423.) 

An act to provide for the safety of persons employed in and about 
the anthracite coal mines of this Commonwealth, and to limit the hours 
of labor of hoisting engineers employed at or about the same, and fixing 
a penalty for the violation of this act. (Session I9ii y P. L., page 102 .) 

An act to amend Section 2 of an act entitled, “An act to provide for 
the health and safety of minors in bituminous coal mines and anthracite 
collieries or breakers, by regulating the age at which said minors may 
be employed, their hours of employment, and to prescribe rules for the 
obtaining of employment certificates, and providing penalties for violation 
of the provisions thereof,” approved the first day of May, Anno Domini 
one thousand nine hundred and nine; regulating the time allowed for the 
mid-day meal. (Session 1911, P. L ., page 537.) 

An act requiring foundries to be provided with toilet room and water 
closet; regulating the same; and providing a penalty for violation thereof. 
(,Session 1911, P. L., page 673.) 

An act to require fire drills in factories and industrial establishments, 
where women or girls are employed; providing for the promulgation of 
rules in respect thereto, and providing penalties for the violation thereof. 
(Session 1911, P. L ., page 677.) 

An act to amend Section 1 of an act entitled, “An act relating to 
damages for injuries producing death,” approved the twenty-sixth day of 
April, Anno Domini one thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, so as to 
provide that certain surviving relatives of the deceased may recover dam¬ 
ages, whether such surviving relatiyes be citizens of this Commonwealth 
or not. (Session 1911, P■ L., page 678.) 

An act making it a misdemeanor for an officer or employee of any 
employer of labor in Pennsylvania to solicit, demand, or receive, directly 
or indirectly, from any person, any moneys or other valuable thing for 
the purpose, actual or alleged, of either obtaining for the latter employ¬ 
ment in the service of said employer or continued in said employment, 




n6 

and providing for the punishment thereof on conviction. ( Session 1911, 
P. page 746.) 

An act to provide for the health and safety of persons employed in 
and about the bituminous coal mines of Pennsylvania, and for the pro¬ 
tection and preservation of property connected therewith. ( Session 1911, 
P. L., page 756.) 

An act to amend Second Section of an act entitled, “An act to provide 
for the health and safety of minors in certain employments; regulating 
the wages at which said minors may be employed, their hours of employ¬ 
ment, their protection against injury, and to prescribe rules for the obtain¬ 
ing of employment certificates, and providing penalties for violation of 
the provisions thereof,” approved April twenty-ninth, Anno Domini one 
thousand nine hundred and nine; so as to exclude tanneries. ( Session 1911, 
P X., page 832.) 

An act authorizing the appointment of a commission to inquire into 
the causes and results of industrial accidents, study advanced methods for 
safeguarding against the same, and inquire into the subject of fair com¬ 
pensation for those injured or killed as a result thereof, and making an 
appropriation for the expenses of said commission.” ( Session 1911, P . L., 
page 917-) 

An act authorizing the appointment of a commission to revise and 
codify the present anthracite mining laws; defining its powers and duties, 
and making an appropriation to defray the expenses of said commission. 
{Session 1911, P. L., page 920 .) 

An act to safeguard life in the coal mines of the Commonwealth of 
Pennsylvania, and to protect and to preserve the property connected there¬ 
with,, by providing that all inside buildings shall be constructed of incom¬ 
bustible material; and providing penalties for failure to comply with the 
terms of this act, and making a violation thereof by mine superintendents 
a misdemeanor. ( Session 1911, P. L., page 979.) 

An act to amend Sections 1, 3 and 5 of an act entitled, “An act to 
provide for the health and safety of minors in bituminous coal mines 
and anthracite collieries or breakers, by regulating the ages at which said 
minors may be employed, their hours of employment, and to prescribe 
rules for the obtaining of employment certificates, and providing penalties 
for violation of the provisions thereof,” approved the first day of May, 
Anno Domini one thousand nine hundred and nine; by further regulating 
the ages at which minors may be employed inside coal mines or in the 
outside workings thereof, or in coal breakers or washeries, and by pro¬ 
viding for the filing of proof of age by the employers of minors appar¬ 
ently under sixteen years of age employed in such establishments. {Ses¬ 
sion 1911) P. L., page 983.) 

An act to amend an act approved the seventh day of June, one thousand 
nine hundred and eleven, entitled, “An act requiring foundries to be pro¬ 
vided with toilet room and water closet, regulating same, and providing 
a penalty for violation thereof.” {Session 1913, P. L., page 42.) 


An act to amend an act, approved the twenty-ninth day of April, one 
thousand nine hundred and nine, entitled, “An act to provide for the 
health and safety of minors in certain employments, by regulating the 
ages at which said minors may be employed, their hours of employment, 
their protection against injury, and to prescribe rules for the obtaining 
of employment certificates; and providing penalties for violation of the 
provisions thereof,” by prohibiting and punishing certain frauds in the 
obtaining of certificates, and extending to truant officers the enforcing of 
this act. ( Session 1913, P. L ., page 69.) 

An act to amend an act, approved the first day of May, one thousand 
nine hundred and nine, entitled, “An act to provide for the health and 
safety of minors in bituminous coal mines and anthracite collieries or 
breakers, by regulating the ages at which said minors may be employed, 
their hours of employment, and to prescribe rules for the obtaining of 
employment certificates, and providing penalties for the violation of the 
provisions thereof,” by prohibiting and punishing certain frauds in the 
obtaining of certificates, and extending to truant officers the enforcing of 
this act. ( Session 1913, P. L ., page 70.) 

An act regulating the time of payment of wages and earnings, and 
providing a penalty for violation thereof. ( Session 1913, P. L,., page 114 .) 

An act creating a Department of Labor and Industry; defining its 
powers and duties; establishing an Industrial Board; providing for the 
appointment of a Commissioner of Labor, inspectors, statisticians, clerks 
and others to enforce the provisions of this act, and providing salaries 
for the same; prescribing a standard of reasonable and adequate protec¬ 
tion to be observed in the rooms, buildings and places where labor is 
employed; empowering the said Industrial Board to make, alter, amend 
and repeal rules and regulations relating thereto; transferring the powers 
and duties of the Department of Factory Inspection to the Department 
of Labor and Industry, and abolishing the Department of Factory Inspec¬ 
tion; and providing a penalty for the violation of the provisions of this 
act, or the rules and regulations of the said board. ( Session 1913, P. L., 
page 396.) 

An act authorizing cities of the first and second-class to compensate 
employees for lost time, while in the employ of the city, as a result of 
injuries, sickness or disablement of any kind sustained while in the per¬ 
formance of their duties. ( Session 1913, P. L., page 492.) 

An act authorizing the appointment of a commission to enquire into 
the causes and results of industrial accidents; to study advanced methods 
for safeguarding against the same; to enquire into the subject of fair 
compensation for those injured or killed as a result thereof; and to study 
the operation and effect of the Workingmen’s Compensation Law of one 
thousand nine hundred and thirteen; and making an appropriation for 
the expenses of said commission. ( Session 1913 , P. L., page 650.) 

An act requiring employers to make report to the Department of 





n8 


Labor and Industry of accidents to employees, and prescribing a penalty 
for non-compliance therewith. (Session 1913* P- P a ge 8 43 •) 

An act to amend an act approved the twenty-ninth day of April, one 
thousand nine hundred and nine, entitled, “An act to provide for the 
health and safety of minors in certain employments, by regulating the 
ages at which said minors may be employed, their hours of employment, 
their protection against injury, and to prescribe rules for the obtaining 
of employment certificates, and providing penalties for violation of the 
provisions thereof,” as amended. (Session 1913, P. L., page 862.) 

An act to protect the health and lives of employees in certain occupa¬ 
tions, by requiring the use of blowers, or similar apparatus, in connection 
with certain kinds of machinery, and specifying the equipment to be used 
in connection therewith; regulating the use of such blowers and apparatus, 
and providing penalties for violation of this act. (Session 1913, P. L., 
page 970 .) 

An act to protect the public health and welfare, by regulating the 
employment of females in certain establishments, with respect to their 
hours of labor and the conditions of their employment; by establishing 
certain sanitary regulations in the establishments in which they work; by 
requiring certain abstracts and notices to be posted; by providing for the 
enforcement of this act by the Commissioner of Labor and Industry and 
others; by prescribing penalties for violations thereof; by defining the 
procedure in prosecutions; and by repealing all acts and parts of acts 
inconsistent with the provisions thereof. (Session 1913, P. L., page 1024.) 

An act requiring any individual, firm or corporation mining anthracite 
coal in this Commonwealth, where coal is mined and paid for by the car, 
to keep a record of all coal mined, at the miners’ chutes, where said coal 
is loaded in cars; providing that said record shall be the final basis in 
computing the miners’ earnings per car, without any deduction for any 
slate or refuse that may be loaded in said car or cars in the usual and 
natural course of mining coal; providing, further, that said record shall 
be open for the inspection of all miners; and providing penalties for 
failure to comply with the provisions of this act. (Session 1913, P. L., 
page 1038.) 

An act to prevent occupational diseases; and to provide for the health 
of employees exposed to the dangers of lead poisoning and other occupa¬ 
tional diseases, by regulating certain manufacturing establishments; pro¬ 
viding for medical examinations and reports, and requiring sanitary pre¬ 
cautions and appliances; and making violation of its provisions a misde¬ 
meanor, and providing penalties for violation thereof. (Session 1913, 
P. L.y page 1363.) 



Courtesy of “Philadelphia Inquirer.” 

Fusion 













WORK OF HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT 


LEGISLATION FOR MODEL ROADS. REVENUES 
FROM MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSES. 

Second only in importance to the health of the people in any 
community is the subject of good roads. The Republican 
party in Pennsylvania has recognized this by the enactment of 
wise legislation. 

When it is considered that the total mileage of roads of all 
descriptions in Pennsylvania is 97,900 miles, nearly all of which, 
ultimately, are to be under State control, some idea of the im¬ 
portance of the work confronting the State Highway Department 
can be gained. The Sproul Act and supplemental legislation, 
creating the State Highway Department as at present constituted, 
set aside more than 9,000 miles of road to be designated as State 
highways and to be constructed and maintained by the State 
Highway Department. 

Thus, under a single branch of the State Government is a 
net-work of lanes of commerce between every populated center 
in the confines of the State. 

If these highways were joined end to end the resulting road 
would span the continent from New York City on the shores 
of the Atlantic to the Golden Gate on the Pacific coast, and 
extend from San Francisco to Galveston, Texas, and thence 
along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico and through the Southern 
and Middle Atlantic States to the rock-bound shores of New 
England. 

The mere supervision of such a vast system of highways is 
a responsibility requiring the utmost detail of attention. These 
roads must be kept in first-class condition; their surfaces must 
be even and durable; their ditches, gutters, culverts and drains 
must be maintained free and open and constant watch for the 

120 




121 


ravages of the elements must be observed. This in itself is an 
expensive program. Intellectual and skilled workers are re¬ 
quired for the maintenance labor to be done, so that before the 
construction of important highways involving the rebuilding of 
existing foundations and alterations of pernicious grades is at¬ 
tempted very considerable initial expense is incurred. 

At the present time the Pennsylvania State Highway De¬ 
partment finds itself confined chiefly to maintenance work. 
This situation has arisen because a certain specific sum appro¬ 
priated by the last Legislature for the definite purpose of high¬ 
way improvement was withheld from the State Highway Depart¬ 
ment by the fiscal officers of the Commonwealth whilst legal 
questions anent the appropriation were being argued in the 
Courts. When, finally, the sum in question was released the 
condition of the roads had become so deplorable through in¬ 
attention that it was impossible to attempt to do more than 
maintenance and repair work on the State highways. 

From June i, 1911, to July 22 of the present year the State 
Highway Department constructed 193.5 miles of State highways 
and built 348.8 miles of State-aid highways; 130.2 miles under 
the 1911-13 Acts and 118.6 miles under the 1907-09 Acts. On 
the National or Cumberland road 22.7 miles had been built 
while 0.6 miles of experimental roadway had been laid, making 
a total of 465.6 miles. 

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR WORK. 

One of the most important features of the work of the State 
Highway Department is that of maintenance and repair. Ac¬ 
cording to the statistics of the United States Government, road 
builders are not hopeful that a low cost permanent road, needing 
little or no maintenance, is a possibility for the future. Traffic 
and the elements are tending always to undo the work of men 
in this respect, no matter how skillful and thorough it may be; 
consequently the work of maintaining the roads in up-to-date 
condition is of equal import with that of building the road in 
the first instance. 






122 


Great care has been taken by the State Highway Department 
to maintain the highways, skilled forces under competent direc¬ 
tion having this in charge, and their work never ends. 

An instance worthy of note in this connection is that the 
task of clearing the highways last winter, when blizzards had 
heaped the snow to the tops of houses, devolved upon the 
Maintenance Division, and never in the history of the State had 
the highways been opened more expeditiously than on this oc¬ 
casion. 


BUREAU OF TOWNSHIP HIGHWAYS. 

The Legislature of 1913 created the Bureau of Township High¬ 
ways of the State Highway Department. This Bureau was or¬ 
ganized for the purpose of co-operating with the Township 
Commissioners and supervisors to secure uniformity in the me¬ 
thods of building and maintaining the township roads. During 
the year organizations have been formed of the supervisors in 
many of the counties. In those counties where such organiza¬ 
tions already existed their meetings have beem held under the 
auspices of this Division of the State Highway Department. 
The law provides for the making of surveys and plans by the 
Bureau for the benefit of the township officials. Forty (40) 
applications in twenty-five (25) counties, aggregating about fifty- 
seven (57) miles of permanently improved roads, had been au¬ 
thorized up to July 1st, these dealing mainly with macadamized 
roads and reduced grades. Ninety (90) applications, calling for 
three hundred (300) bridges of concrete and steel, had been acted 
upon. Township contracts investigated and approved by the 
Bureau aggregated more than $250,000. The Bureau issues 
frequent bulletins to the supervisors on problems dealing with 
the making of roads. Another excellent feature is that engineers 
are furnished free of cost for special advisory work where re¬ 
quired by the supervisors. 

But perhaps the most important assistance that this Bureau 
has been able to render to the Commissioners and supervisors 
of the townships is the standardization of prices of machinery 



used in road work. The Bureau has tabulated the prices of all 
forms of supplies and has rendered it impossible for dishonest 
dealers and salesmen to charge one price for a certain piece 
of machinery in one township and a different price for the same 
thing in another. The Bureau of Township Highways is ready 
to give this information to any Board of Supervisors request- 

ing _____ 

AUTOMOBILE DIVISION. 

At the expiration of the present year it is estimated that the 
State will have collected, from owners and operators of automo¬ 
biles of all kinds, a million and a quarter (1,250,000) dollars 
for registrations and licenses. The Legislatures of the past, 
recognizing that the automobile mainly is responsible for the 
wear and tear on the highways, have appropriated the money 
collected by the State from the automobilists for the purpose 
of highway improvement. 

Nearly one-third as much was collected from this source 
during the current year as from the cash road taxes collected 
in the townships of the State. 

At the close of business in July 21 of this year, $1,107,031.50 
had been collected by the Automobile Division of State Highway 
Department from this source. The following table will indicate 
the classification under which this money was obtained: 


Pneumatic tired vehicles .114,235* 

Solid tired vehicles. 25,733* 

Traction engines . 55 2 

Trailers. M 3 

Motorcycles. I 3>°64 

Drivers. 24,981 

Dealers. 3 > 3&9 

Operators. 19,806 

Transfers. 3 > 4 2 4 * 


*The numbers from 20,000 to 39,999 inclusive were set aside 
for the solid tired vehicles. To obtain the number of pneumatic 














124 


tired vehicles licenses, deduct 20,000 from the figures given 
above. 

As instancing the rapid growth of the automobile industry in 
Pennsylvania, the figures given below are those for July 21, 
1913, one year prior to the figures given above. 

Pneumatic and solid tired vehicles. 72,342 

Drivers. 26,124 

Dealers. 3,263 

Motorcycles. 9,477 

Transfers. 2,798 

Operators.1,379 

The total sum collected being $761,394. 








BENEFITS OF PUBLIC SERVICE LAW. 


IMPROVED TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES AND 
OTHER ADVANTAGES FOR THE PEOPLE 
SINCE COMMISSION’S CREATION. 

The benefits derived by the people of Pennsylvania through 
the operation of the Public Service Company Law, which was 
passed in the legislative session of 1913 and approved by Gov- 
renor John K. Tener on July 26th of that year, fully justify 
the creation of the tribunal known as the Public Service Com¬ 
mission. 

Briefly, under this law every public service company must 
furnish and maintain such service as shall in all respects be 
just, reasonable and adequate, and the charges therefore must 
likewise be just and reasonable. 

It is the duty of the Commission to see to it that this pro¬ 
vision is complied with, and the many letters of appreciation 
which have been received from all parts of the Commonwealth 
testify to the fact that the obligations imposed on that body 
are being performed with honor to the Commission and credit 
to the State. 

Governor Tener selected a high-class Commission when he 
appointed Nathaniel Ewing, of Uniontown; S. LaRue Tone, of 
Pittsburgh; Samuel W. Pennypacker and Emory R. Johnson, of 
Philadelphia; Milton J. Brecht, of Lancaster; Charles F. Wright, 
of Susquehanna, and Frank M. Wallace, of Erie.. They are 
thoroughly familiar with all of the elements that enter into 
public service, and if a supplicant for their aid fails to secure 
that for which he applies, the fault may be found in the weak¬ 
ness of the cause and not in the disposition of the Commission 
to refuse him a full and fair opportunity to present the merits 
of his case. 


125 





126 


COMMISSION’S RULING ON PASSES. 

The Commission’s counsel is William N. Trinkle, of Philadel¬ 
phia, a former Deputy Attorney General, and the intelligent 
judgment which he displays in the treatment of the legal ques¬ 
tions which the Commission is called upon to consider is of 
material value in the proper disposition of these matters. 

Complaints of a varying character come to the Commission 
affecting all branches of public service, and there are many re¬ 
quests for rulings or opinions as to the Commission’s interpreta¬ 
tion of certain provisions of the Constitution or of the laws. 

A ruling that attracted widespread attention was that con¬ 
cerning the granting of free passes by railroad companies to the 
members of the families of their officers and employees, and 
free transportation by railroad and street railway companies to 
policemen and firemen. 

A public hearing in this matter was held by the Commission 
on January 20, 1914, at which interesting arguments for and 
against the proposition were advanced, and on February 5th the 
Commission ruled as follows: 

1. After careful consideration the Commission is of the 
opinion that the spirit and true intent and meaning of the 
provisions of the Public Service Company Law of July 
26th, 1913, are not such as to require the Commission to 
regard as a violation of the law the practice of railroad 
companies of issuing free passes to their officers and em¬ 
ployees to be used in the transportation of dependent mem¬ 
bers of the families of such officers and employees, which 
practice has had the sanction of custom since the adoption 
of the Pass Provision of the Constitution of 1874, and the 
Act of June 15th, 1874, passed to carry that provision of 
the Constitution into effect. 

“It is therefore ruled that the granting without unfair 
discrimination by railroad companies of free passes to their 
officers and employees, to be used for the transportation of 
dependent members of the families of such officers and em- 


127 


ployees, will not be regarded by the Commission as a viola¬ 
tion of the provisions of the law. 

“2. The Commission is further of the opinion that free 
transportation, without unfair discrimination, by common 
•carriers, on behalf of the Commonwealth, or on behalf of 
any municipality thereof, of policemen in the performance 
of their public duties, and similarly, that free transporta¬ 
tion, without unfair discrimination, by common carriers, on 
behalf of any such municipality, of firemen in the perform¬ 
ance of their public duties, is not such free transportation 
as is prohibited by the provisions of the Public Service 
Company Law, and will not be regarded by the Commission 
as a violation thereof.” 


ELIMINATION OF GRADE CROSSINGS. 

The Commission’s ruling was received with approval from 
one end of the State to the other and met with the strong approba¬ 
tion of Governor Tener, Senator Penrose, and other public 
officials who were interested in the passage of the Public 
Service Company Law and who were, therefore, familiar with 
the meaning and intent of its provisions. 

An important feature of the Commission’s work relates to 
the subject of grade crossings. Statistics have been received 
from the various railroad companies showing that there are 
approximately 10,000 public grade crossings in Pennsylvania. 
The location of each is indicated and the Commission knows 
whether or not a crossing is protected, and if protected, the 
character of protection afforded. A large number of crossings 
have already been eliminated, and by the end of the present 
year the Commission expects to show substantial results of its 
endeavors along this line. 

The Commission has also ascertained from the railroad com¬ 
panies information as to the character of passenger cars m 
service within this State; that is, whether they are constructed 




128 


of wood or steel; and at various times orders have been issued 
to railroad and trolley companies to employ additional safeguards 
for the protection of their employees and the traveling public. 


INVESTIGATION OF TELEPHONE RATES. 

The Commission is now engaged in an investigation of the 
telephone rates in force throughout the State; the cost of the 
transportation of anthracite coal from the mines to the City 
of Philadelphia; the complaint as to the reasonableness of the 
rates for electric lighting in Philadelphia, and of numerous other 
questions regarding charges and service. 

It has also arranged a standard of service for light, heat 
and water companies which establishes a more satisfactory basis 
for charges than previously appeared to be employed. 

The prompt manner in which the Commission called a halt on 
the proposed cancellation by the trunk lines of through or joint 
rates with the industrial roads met with the warm approval 
of the press and the public. By reason of the importance of 
this case the action of the Commission attracted State-wide at¬ 
tention, while in many cases the interest is confined to the ter¬ 
ritorial limitations of a municipality, and, therefore, all of the 
splendid work of the Commission is not subject to public ap¬ 
praisal. 




5 


























CONSERVATION 


Under a continuous Republican administration the develop¬ 
ment of forestry in Pennsylvania has been in accordance with 
a wise and broad policy. It has been economical and practical, 
so that to-day the State is undoubtedly in the lead in forest 
activity. 

In 1895 a Division of Forestry was created in the Depart¬ 
ment of Agriculture. The work of the Division grew so rapidly 
that in 1901 the Division was erected into a separate Depart¬ 
ment. 

From the beginning of the work all possible assistance has 
been granted individual timber owners in caring for their prop¬ 
erties. Technical instruction was given and vigorous effort has 
been made to provide for protection from forest fires and from 
unjust taxation. Technical assistance is still being given after 
personal examinations of the property. Forest tree seedlings 
are provided at cost of raising to those who desire to reforest 
waste land or to improve present forest growth. There has 
been established a system of fire wardens which covers the en¬ 
tire State. The duties of these officials are to prevent and ex¬ 
tinguish forest fires. As rapidly as it has been possible to obtain 
the co-operation of local people forest fires have decreased in 
number, area and severity. In this matter the Department of 
Forestry is co-operating with sportsmen’s associations and 
timber owners’ protective associations. Legislative action has 
provided a remedy for unjust taxation of growing timber in the 
auxiliary forest reserve laws. By reason of these laws every 
forest owner who will take advantage of them in the State is 
encouraged to hold his timber until it reaches a fair, marketable 
size. 

General educational activities in forestry are conducted by the 

130 



Department. Reports, bulletins, circulars, posters and stickers 
are issued and given wide distribution. Talks and illustrated 
lectures are given before all kinds of audiences. Assistance is 
given in Arbor Day work in the public schools. All classes of 
people are reached. 

The keynote in forestry work and with forest officials is 
service to the public. In accord therewith every man in the em¬ 
ploy of the Department lends a hand to the people around him 
wherever and whenever he can. 

The State entered upon the policy of owning forest land upon 
which to put into practice the best principles of forestry. These 
State forests now cover an area of more than one million acres 
and are located in 26 counties. New York is the only State that 
owns more land for forest purposes. All of this land has come 
into the possession of the State since the year 1900, and has 
cost for purchase price an average of only $2.25 per acre. The 
major portion of the Department work has been in connection 
with the management and development of these State forests in 
accord with the best principles of forest management. For this 
work there are in the State’s employ 66 trained foresters, 62 of 
whom were prepared in the Pennsylvania State Forest Academy. 
This institution was established under the direction of the De¬ 
partment in 1903. There are also 90 forest rangers who are 
under the direction of the foresters and whose work is largely 
of a protective nature. 

For better protection, accessibility and silvicultural care, over 
5,000 miles of roads, trails and fire lanes have been opened or 
improved. Springs have been cleaned, walled and made acces¬ 
sible through open trails. 

The boundaries of the forests are being surveyed, marked and 
posted. The Department is making large maps for use in pro¬ 
tection and for facility in future management. 

Observation towers have been built upon high points for the 
detection of forest fires. Telephones are being installed for rapid 
communication between foresters and rangers, and with outside 
help during fire seasons. 




132 

About one-third of the total area of State forests is covered 
with a fairly dense stand of young or old timber. Approximately 
another third of the area is only partially covered with timber, 
and about a third has little or no tree growth upon it. Most 
of the tree-covered area is in need of “weeding,” and when the 
foresters find a profitable market for small and defective trees 
they make improvement cuttings, leaving the forest cleaner and 
better. Over a large percentage of the area which is now 
more or less covered with tree growth, nature is exerting her 
powers in a remarkable degree to re-establish the forests in her 
own way. Especially is this the case when complete protection 
from forest fires is afforded. It is true that all of this natural 
regeneration is not of the best species of timber trees that might be 
established, but at the same time it is of considerable worth and 
is constantly increasing the aggregate value of the State forests. 
From a business point of view, in order to bring the whole area 
to a productive condition, it will be necessary to reforest the 
bare areas by artificial planting as rapidly as possible, but all 
of the material, labor and money necessary for this work will 
not be available in the next few years. In the meantime, where 
protection from fire and grazing is afforded, a certain amount 
of the now untimbered area will have upon it some natural re¬ 
generation, and by so much will reduce the necessity of resorting 
to artificial regeneration. 

To furnish material for this planting, four large forest tree 
nurseries have been established and fifteen smaller ones. From 
these nurseries the State has removed and planted upon State 
land almost twelve million seedlings, having reforested about six 
thousand acres. 

Where the removal of minerals does not interfere with proper 
forestry work, they are being removed under lease. 

One of the primary purposes of State forests is a pure water 
supply for the people. A number of towns, Lock Haven, South 
Renovo, Milroy, Chambersburg and Clearfield, already receive 
this benefit. Where the reservoir is on State land the Depart¬ 
ment of Forestry controls the supply. For these privileges a 
small water rent is paid to the State. 


133 


Receipts from State forests to date are over $84,000. 

Several beautiful parks in the forests are open to the people 
for recreation throughout the year. All forests except the “game 
refuges” are open for hunting and fishing without restriction 
other than obedience to the law and a camping permit. Camp 
sites may be leased for a term of years for a nominal annual 
rental. 

On five forests game refuges have been set aside, in which 
game is protected at all times. Various kinds of game have 
been introduced by the Game Commission for propagation, 
making hunting more interesting and profitable. 

In addition to establishing and developing State forests, the 
Department stands for all the assistance it can render to the 
people of the State. It offers its services to wood-lot owners 
in making examinations and reports on protection, care and 
handling. It assists private owners to develop forests; it ad¬ 
vises how to plant seedling trees and what species to plant; it 
sells forest tree seedlings at cost to citizens of Pennsylvania; 
it assists in planting by teaching how planting should be done. 
It investigates diseases of trees and advises what may be done to 
prevent the spread of disease. It invites correspondence from 
all persons interested in forestry. It has a library where the 
best forestry literature of the day may be found, and open to 
those who desire to consult it. It is making a complete collec¬ 
tion of native tree and shrub seeds and a collection of native 
woods. In these matters Pennsylvania is in advance of all other 
States of the Union. 

This great work has cost the State to January 1, 1914, slightly 
under $4,000,000 and represents an asset of more than $6,000,000, 
in addition to the inestimable indirect value to industries, agri¬ 
culture, water supply and health of our citizens. 




AGRICULTURAL 


Under Republican administration since the creation of the De¬ 
partment of Agriculture in 1895 the Legislature has made liberal 
appropriations for that branch of the State Government. Each 
year its work has been extended, and in response to the demand 
of the farming interests the appropriations steadily have in¬ 
creased. 

When the country was new and the soil was full of native 
fertility, little need was felt for instruction in the fundamental 
principles of agriculture, but after being under cultivation for a 
long series of years, apparent soil exhaustion and consequent 
failures in crop production showed the necessity of specific in¬ 
struction in methods of conserving and restoring fertility to 
run-down farms. This led to the establishment of schools of 
agriculture, but the great body of men occupying the farms 
could not drop the important work of providing food products 
for our people to enter these schools as students, and so one 
of the first lines of educational work to which the Department 
turned its attention was the Farmers’ Institute. In this work 
men and women qualified by education and experience have been 
employed every year since the organization of the Department, 
and more than 7,500 institutes and movable schools of agriculture 
have been held, extending into every county of the State, at 
which instruction has been given in methods of soil improve¬ 
ment, crop production, economical handling of live-stock, house¬ 
hold economics and, indeed, every subject devoted to the im¬ 
provement of the farm and home. 

The farmers’ institute work recently has been supplemented 
by the work done by a corps of well-qualified farm advisers. 
These instructors go at the call of the farmers making request 
for their services into every section of the State, to offer sug¬ 
gestions and impart instruction specifically suited to the con¬ 
ditions they find and the specific needs of the individuals and 
communities from whom the call for such service comes. 

134 



135 


Another form of educational work is done by the Bureau of 
Economic Zoology, which also has charge of the horticultural 
work of the Department. The agents of this Bureau go into 
every county of the State for the inspection of orchards, report¬ 
ing to the owners the presence of diseases or pests that are in¬ 
jurious to fruit trees, at the same time reporting conditions as 
found to the chief of the Bureau, who mails to the owners of 
such orchards instructions for the treatment of the unfavorable 
conditions reported. 

ENFORCEMENT OF PURE FOOD LAWS. 

The Bureau of Economic Zoology also has part in the gov¬ 
ernmental work of the Department, having in hand, under the 
supervision of the Secretary of Agriculture, the Nursery Inspec¬ 
tion work, intended for the protection of fruit growers, by 
making it unlawful to sell or deliver within the State any nursery 
stock without the freedom of the same from disease or insect- 
pests being properly certified. 

The governmental part of the Department’s work consists in 
the enforcement of certain Acts of Assembly intended for the 
protection of the health and property interests of the citizens 
of the Commonwealth. The most important of these are the 
pure food laws of the State. 

Our people spend annually about $90 per capita for food, 
making a total of $720,000,000. Large as this sum is, the value 
of public health and business morals to the community is vastly 
greater. 

A summary of the operations and cost of this branch of the 
public service, from 1907 to 1913 inclusive, shows that the 
cost of the service is about 12 cents for each $1,000 worth of 
food purchased, while the receipts from licenses and fines are 
about twice the amount of the expenditure, so that there is no 
direct tax upon the consumer. 


WORK OF LIVE STOCK BOARD. 

In the year 1913 the receipts of the Department were 
$173,800; the expenses were $75,600. 






136 


The State Livestock Sanitary Board was created for the pur¬ 
pose of supervising transmissible diseases of animals and to 
formulate the best plans for eradicating and controlling them. 
In addition to such duties, it is required to look after the meat 
and milk supply and to employ such measures as are necessary 
to protect them from contamination. 

The Board was the first State organization in America to 
establish a laboratory for studying the diseases of animals and 
manufacturing and distributing free of charge vaccines, serums, 
etc., for use in preventive medicine and for diagnostic pur¬ 
poses. If these materials were purchased on the market 
it would cost the State more each year than the amount paid 
for running the laboratory. Until very recently Pennsylvania 
was the only State that produced and furnished hog cholera 
serum to the farmer free of charge. Other States are recogniz¬ 
ing the wisdom of such a proposition and are adopting it. The 
laboratory has also been useful in the assistance furnished 
veterinarians and stock owners in establishing a diagnosis on 
obscure diseases. The laboratory is equipped to do all forms 
of routine and research work that is done in the best laboratories 
in Continental Europe. 


RESEARCH WORK OF STATE FARM. 

Recently the laboratory has been able to isolate the germs 
that cause contagious abortion and hemorrhagia septicemia in 
cattle. At the same time, valuable information has been ob¬ 
tained in reference to diagnostic and preventive vaccine for use 
in controlling such disease. Good work has also been done in 
studying so-called epizootic lymphangitis. It has been shown 
that this disease is not so serious as was first suspected. 

The State Farm, located in Delaware County, was produced 
for the purpose of conducting research work in relation to the 
diseases of animals. For this reason a dairy herd has been main¬ 
tained. It has been the custom for a number of years, when 
animals of specially good type and breed were condemned for 
tuberculosis to procure and place them on the farm. The 



137 


progeny has been raised on pasteurized milk. In this way a 
number of desirable healthy dairy animals have been raised. 

In the spring of 1913 the officials of the State Hospital for 
the Criminal Insane, at Farview, Lackawanna County, appealed 
to Governor Tener for assistance in procuring a dairy herd for 
that institution, and the Governor suggested that instead of buy¬ 
ing a herd that these animals be turned over to the hospital, 
which was done. In this way the hospital procured a healthy 
dairy herd with practically no outlay of money. 

Recognizing the need of revising and codifying existing live¬ 
stock sanitary laws, the 1913 Legislature was asked to pass the bill, 
which was approved by Governor Tener July 22, 1913. This 
act imposes a few new duties on the Board; no less responsibility 
is placed on the members, but more authority is given the State 
Veterinarian and agents for the purpose of expediting the work 
and keeping down expenses. The Act is considered to be the best 
State livestock sanitary law in existence. 


TUBERCLIN TESTING IN PENNSYLVANIA. 

Probably the most striking example of the thorough organiza¬ 
tion of the Board and the efficiency of its field agents was 
demonstrated when aphthous fever, or European foot and mouth 
disease, made its appearance in Pennsylvania a few years ago. 
These agents furnished an immediately available staff, and within 
a few hours after the disease was discovered were on the ground 
ready to assist in its eradication, which was accomplished within 
a few months. No other State in the Union is organized and 
equipped as Pennsylvania is to supervise diseases of animals. 

Tuberculin testing has been carried on since 1896, and the 
work has increased rapidly. The testing is divided into two 
classes, viz.: State and interstate. In the first group are in¬ 
cluded the animals owned in Pennsylvania. During the eighteen 
years 12,181 native herds, comprising 142,554 cattle, were ex¬ 
amined and tested with tuberculin, and there has been a gradual 
decrease in the number of diseased cattle from 21.9 per cent, in 





138 


1896 to 7.8 per cent, in 1914, showing that the work has been 
successful. As to interstate cattle, there have been 35 B 03 2 i n " 
spected and tested with tuberculin since 1897, when the inter¬ 
state cattle law went into effect and many were found badly 
diseased and were not permitted to be sold into our native herds. 
If we had no restrictions, diseased animals would be shipped to 
us from all sources and Pennsylvania would be the dumping 
ground for diseased cattle from other States. 


QUARANTINE OF DANGEROUS DISEASES. 

The Board also looks after other diseases of animals which 
is considered a menace to human beings or the livestock in the 
community where it occurs. Quarantines are established only 
after careful consideration and where it is deemed necessary for 
the protection of the community. In many cases dangerous 
diseases are handled in such a way that the nearest neighbors 
are not aware of the presence of the diseased animal. Fifty- 
seven thousand eight hundred and ten hogs were examined for 
evidence of cholera, of which 38,794 were vaccinated against the 
disease. The use of hog cholera serum has reduced the mor¬ 
tality in infected herds from 95 per cent, to 23 per cent.; an 
enormous saving to the hog owners of the State. 

It also employs vaccination to prevent such diseases as anthrax 
and blackleg. The Board supervises the disinfection of premises 
where contagious diseases have occurred. 

The Board looks after the registration and licensing of stal¬ 
lions in the State. Assistance is given in reference to verifying 
pedigrees, soundness, type, feeding and the general management 
of horses. A decided improvement in the type and breeding of 
horses stood for public service has been observed since this law 
went into effect.* Many more pure-bred stallions have been 
registered each year. The proportion of nondescript stallions 
has been less each registration. In a number of cases it has been 
shown that unsound stallions and those claimed to be pure bred 
and registered, but not entitled to such honors, were being stood 



139 


for service as first-class horses. More breeders each year are 
seeking advice from the Board in reference to the care and man¬ 
agement of livestock. 


MEAT AND MILK HYGIENE. 

There are ten Meat Hygiene Agents who visit slaughter houses, 
especially in rural districts. Considerable work in this line has 
been done in towns where no meat hygiene ordinances are in 
vogue. Since the Meat Hygiene Service was organized in 1907 
these agents have examined 32,518 slaughter houses and meat 
markets. Four hundred and thirty-one thousand five hundred 
and sixty-nine animals were examined before slaughter, and 
6,079 animals were quarantined for further examination. One 
hundred and ninety-four thousand and ninety-two carcasses of 
meat were examined and passed, and 5,063 carcasses and 23,376 
organs were found diseased or otherwise unfit for food and 
were condemned. Four million nine hundred and forty-seven 
thousand six hundred and eighty-eight pounds, or 2,423^ 
tons of meat and meat products were examined and passed, and 
126,843 pounds, or 63^ tons of meat and meat products were 
condemned and destroyed. Had there been no Meat Hygiene 
Agents on the lookout for diseased meat, much of that condemned 
would no doubt have been sold for food. 

Previous to 1911 the Board did very little in reference to milk 
hygiene, except in its efforts to control tuberculosis. During 
the past two years an effort has been made to look after sanitary 
conditions on dairy farms, creameries, etc. Inspections have 
been made of about 52,000 dairies, of which about 5,000 were 
considered to be in a dangerously insanitary condition. These 
insanitary dairies are the cause of much unjust criticism on 
dairying in general, and are being followed up. 

The Board desires to assist in every way possible those who 
are intelligently engaged in trying to improve the dairy breeds 
and all other species of domestic animals, and to produce 
healthier, better stock for those endeavoring to maintain sanitary 
dairies, creameries and slaughter houses. 





PENROSE AND THE ARCHBOLD CHECK 


FALSE STATEMENTS CONCERNING CAMPAIGN 
CONTRIBUTION EXPENDED FOR COLONEL 
ROOSEVELT IN PENNSYLVANIA. 

From the beginning of the campaign opponents of the Repub¬ 
lican ticket have endeavored to influence political sentiment in the 
State by misrepresentation of the facts in connection with a con¬ 
tribution from John D. Archbold to the Republican State Com¬ 
mittee in the campaign of 1904 . The following editorial from 
the Philadelphia “Inquirer” is an accurate and truthful statement 
with reference to such a contribution: 

“In 1904 John D. Archbold sent a check for $ 25,000 to Boies 
Penrose. A magazine without a conscience and a yellow news¬ 
paper or two deliberately manufactured, eight years later, out of 
that incident a base libel. Without the slightest regard for truth 
they labored in season and out to induce the people to believe 
that here was an underhand transaction between a United States 
Senator and one of the leading minds of the Standard Oil Com¬ 
pany. 

“That ugly falsehood was maliciously forged for political pur¬ 
poses in 1912 . It is now in use in various parts of Pennsylvania 
in the anti-Penrose campaign. 

“With the remark that the man who debases himself to the 
level where he can bring himself to resort to this sort of cam¬ 
paigning gives a most striking example of the depth of political 
depravity to which it is possible for a reckless partisan to sink, 
we shall pass on to the rapid annihilation of the lie. 

“It is an easy task. For particulars and full corroboration of 
what we are about to say, see the testimony submitted in 1912 
before a sub-committee of the United States Senate Committee 
on Privileges and Elections. The subject under inquiry was that 
of political contributions in general. 

140 



"In 1904 Theodore Roosevelt was the candidate of the Repub¬ 
lican Party for President. In that campaign the Republican 
National Committee collected huge sums of money by way of 
political contributions. Corporation after corporation gave thou¬ 
sands upon thousands. The late E. H. Harriman raised a very 
large amount—‘My dear Harriman/ as Roosevelt used to write 
to him. John D. Archbold, for the Standard, gave $ 125,000 
in all. 

“It had been the custom for national committees to help State 
committees. The chairman of the Republican State Committee 
of Pennsylvania was Boies Penrose, then high in favor with 
Roosevelt. Chairman Penrose applied to the National Commit¬ 
tee for funds. It was agreed with Mr. Archbold that out of the 
$ 125,000 he was to contribute, $ 25,000 should go to Pennsyl¬ 
vania for the Roosevelt campaign in this State. 

“Now you have the whole story briefly told. Mr. Archbold 
sent his $ 25,000 to Chairman Penrose, it was receipted for by 
Penrose as chairman, and the money was used strictly for cam¬ 
paign purposes—for the benefit of Theodore Roosevelt. 

“We have no good word to say for the custom under which 
corporations used to swell the treasuries of political committees. 
Suffice it to say that it was the custom of years. What is more, 
contributions were not as a rule confined to a single political 
party. They were made to the Democratic organization as well 
as to the Republican. In those days nothing much was thought 
of this easy method of raising campaign funds, for it had had 
the sanction of many a year. 

“We have advanced since 1904 , when the campaign chests of 
Mr. Roosevelt were largely filled with corporation money. Now 
such contributions are prohibited by law. But there was no law 
on the subject in the Roosevelt campaign, and the $ 25,000 sent 
by Mr. Archbold for the Roosevelt canvass in Pennsylvania had 
no special significance. It was the custom of the day, that was 
all. 

“The attempt to connect Senator Penrose with any shady 
transaction through this campaign contribution is iniquitous in 
the extreme, for if there is a member of the Senate of the United 




142 


States whose record has been free from every suspicion of 
‘graft’ or personal financial gain that member is Boies Penrose. 
His enemies have raked over the ground covered by his nearly 
eighteen years in the Senate, and this political contribution is 
the one thing that they have been able to twist into an unfavor¬ 
able light. Unfortunately for them, sworn testimony before the 
Senate Committee stamps with the black letters of falsehood the 
output of their disreputable distortions. 

“The enemies of Penrose may not agree with him in his views 
upon the protection of Pennsylvania industries and the neces¬ 
sity for keeping the mills open and men employed at good and 
growing wages, but not one of them can truthfully say that 
strict honesty has not marked every year of his long and con¬ 
spicuous service. 

“And by the way, ‘lest we forget,’ Chairman Penrose rolled up 
a majority of upwards of 500,000 in Pennsylvania in that year 
of 1904 , and among the letters commending him for his great 
work was the following: 

“‘My dear Senator Penrose: Upon my word! Of all phe¬ 
nomenal returns, the Pennsylvania returns are most phenomenal. 
I congratulate you and cordially thank you. Faithfully yours, 

“ ‘THEODORE ROOSEVELT’.” 




SAFEGUARDS HEALTH OF PEOPLE 


WISE REPUBLICAN LEGISLATION MAKES POSSI¬ 
BLE WINNING FIGHT AGAINST DISEASE. 

It has been said that, “The care of the public health is the first 
duty of the Statesman.” 

As a result of wise legislation by the Republican Party, Penn¬ 
sylvania stands at the head of all other States in the Union in 
regard to her public health administration. 

Under the direction of Dr. Samuel G. Dixon, Commissioner, 
the Department of Health is waging a winning fight against 
disease. Many other States have modeled their laws upon those 
of Pennsylvania and have studied and copied the efficient 
methods of the State Department of Health. 

In 1906 the Republican State Platform declared that, “mod¬ 
ern science has demonstrated that consumption is a curable 
disease and that this great scourge of the human race, may, by 
resort to proper treatment and by education in the laws of 
health, be almost wiped out as the terror of mankind. It is the 
duty of the State to do its part toward this beneficent end and 
we hereby commit the Republican Party to the establishment 
and support of dispensaries, hospitals and sanatoriums for the 
treatment of the consumptive poor.” 

In fulfilling this promise to care for the sufferers, from tubercu¬ 
losis, three great Sanatoria have been erected; one in the east, 
one in the west and one in the central portion of the State. 


THE SANATORIUM AT MONT ALTO. 

The sanatorium at Mont Alto, in Franklin County, is the 
largest institution for the treatment of tuberculosis in the world. 
It has a capacity of 1,050 patients and from 1907 up to May 1st 
of this year 11,542 patients were treated. The sanatorium at 
Cresson, Cambria County, which was opened January 1, 1912, 

143 






144 


handled during the first sixteen months 1,169 patients. The 
third sanatorium at Hamburg, in Berks County, will be opened 
in October and will have a capacity of 480 beds. 

In addition to these sanatoria where the poor sufferers from 
tuberculosis receive every possible care and the most advantage¬ 
ous treatment which medical science can offer, the State Depart¬ 
ment of Health maintains 115 free dispensaries throughout the 
Commonwealth, to give free medical treatment to those sufferers 
from tuberculosis who cannot go to the sanatoria. Up to May 
1 , 1914 , 68,180 tuberculous persons were examined and received 
the aid and attention of the dispensary physicians and nurses. 
In addition 18,589 persons were examined who were not found 
to have definite signs of the disease. 

The work which the trained nurses and physicians of the dis¬ 
pensaries are doing throughout the State is of value. The nurses 
visit the homes of the patients, teach the families to guard 
against infection and help in many ways to improve the general 
welfare and better the living conditions of the sufferers and their 
families. 

REDUCED DEATH RATE FROM TUBERCULOSIS. 

The death rate from tuberculosis in this State has fallen from 
150 to 121 per hundred thousand of population in eight years. 
This means a saving of 2,300 lives annually. 

The tuberculosis work of the Department of Health is but 
one phase of its activities in the protection of the health of the 
people. Under its direction sewerage disposal works are being 
constructed, sources of stream pollution abated, filtration plants 
installed and sewerage systems built. Municipalities have been 
brought to realize the true economy of proper drainage and 
filtration and a supervision has been exercised over the public 
water supplies throughout the State which has proved wonder¬ 
fully efficient. 

In 1905 4,000 Pennsylvanians died annually from typhoid 
fever. At the end of 1912 this death rate had been reduced 67^4 
per cent., thus saving 2,600 lives annually, to say nothing of 
thousands of cases of illness from this dread disease. 




145 


Another one of the important works of the Department of 
Health has been the free distribution of diphtheria antitoxin to 
the indigent. Diphtheria is essentially a disease of childhood and 
without the administration of antitoxin its mortality is excep¬ 
tionally high, averaging over 40 per cent. When this great spe¬ 
cific is administered sufficiently early its beneficial effects are 
practically infallible. 

ANTITOXIN FOR DIPHTHERIA. 

During the seven years the department has distributed anti¬ 
toxin for the treatment of 57,149 diphtheria sufferers. Of these 
52,871 were cured. In addition 46,162 persons who had been 
exposed to diphtheria were treated for immunization. 

The department has established 661 stations for the distribu¬ 
tion of free antitoxin, thus placing it within the reach of every 
citizen in the commonwealth who is unable to bear the expense. 
In addition to the distribution of diphtheria antitoxin there is in 
each county a station from which tetanus antitoxin can be 
obtained. 

Among other important work the Department of Health makes 
medical inspection yearly of some 400,000 pupils in the fourth- 
class school districts throughout the State. In addition to this 
work a sanitary inspection is made of the school buildings to 
insure proper sanitary surroundings for the pupils. 

A laboratory is maintained by the department which assists 
private physicians to correctly diagnose their cases, thus giving 
practitioners even in the rural districts the same facilities as 
those in the larger cities. 

If the death rate which prevailed in 1906 had continued for 
the ensuing seven years 60,690 more deaths would have resulted. 
It is not a pleasant task to endeavor to calculate the value of 
human life in dollars and cents. Statisticians and political econo¬ 
mists who strive to reduce everything to figures, give $ 1,700 as 
the minimum value of human life, all ages being taken into con¬ 
sideration. Calculate the saving in dollars and cents with the 
even number of 60,000 lives and you will see a saving amount¬ 
ing to $102,000,000. 





146 


PROMPT RELIEF FOR FLOOD SUFFERERS. 

There is on the average ten cases of sickness to every death, 
so that in addition to a saving of 60,000 lives, more than one- 
half a million cases of illness have been prevented and this too 
means a saving of millions of dollars in loss of earning capacity 
and expenses incidental to illness. 

Great as has been the economic gain from the campaign for 
the improvement of the public health which has been carried on, 
it is scarcely to be compared with the enormous saving of misery 
and sorrow which is the inevitable accompaniment of sickness 
and death. 

When the glaring headlines announced that a dam in Austin. 
Potter County, had given away and the roaring flood had swept 
the town wholly out of existence, millions of Pennsylvanians 
read the story of death and disaster and the older generation 
vividly recalled the frightful calamity at Johnstown. 

Among the first dispatches received from the stricken district 
was reported that the officers of the State Department of Health 
with their chief in command, had arrived upon the scene of dis¬ 
aster almost before the flood had subsided and from the subse¬ 
quent stories which found their way to the sympathetic world 
from that devastated little valley in Potter County, there was 
woven the tale of the labors of the doctors, nurses and engineers 
who struggled to relieve the survivors. 


PROTECTS HEALTH OF VETERANS AT 
GETTYSBURG. 

How the commissary was organized which supplied the food 
and made an equitable distribution of the contributions which 
poured in for the relief of the sufferers. How an army of 
working men was secured and organized that the thousands of 
tons of debris which choked the valley might be turned over 
stick by stick to recover the dead. How the water works system 
was reinstalled, bridges built and sanitary measures taken which 
prevented pestilence following upon the footsteps of the flood, 



147 


is all briefly and concisely set forth in the reports of the State 
Department of Health. But what is not there written is the fact 
that the people of Pennsylvania realized for perhaps the first 
time, that there was within their borders an organized force 
which stood ready at a moment’s notice to step in when over¬ 
whelming calamity might paralyze or wipe out the local agencies 
charged with the protection of the public health and safety. 

When the plans were being perfected for the great celebration 
of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg, and it 
became evident that tens of thousands of visitors to the historic 
field must be cared for and protected during the period in which 
they were to be the guests of the Commonwealth, Governor 
Tener, who had personally inspected the relief work at Austin, 
requested State Commissioner of Health, Samuel G. Dixon, to 
make a survey of the situation and take such steps as he deemed 
necessary to protect the health and well-being of the State’s 
guests and citizens. 

The historic occasion, which was without parallel in the 
patriotic annals of our country, was concluded unmarred by a 
high mortality, as has been widely predicted. The sanitary pro¬ 
visions and hospital facilities provided and the perfect working 
of the system for the care of the veterans and their visitors 
resulted in proving the great value of a trained and efficient 
force of public health workers, who could be called upon when 
the welfare of the public demanded. 


PURIFICATION OF STATE WATER SUPPLIES. 

These two occasions which demonstrated to the general pub¬ 
lic the efficiency of the organization which the General Assembly 
had created to conserve and protect the health of the people of 
the Commonwealth, were, after all, less indicative of the suc¬ 
cessful organization than was the fact that the mortality rate 
for the entire State had been reduced from 16 to 14 per thousand 
inhabitants during the eight years since the organization of the 
Department. 




148 


One of the most important activities of the Department of 
Health has been the purification of the water-ways of the State. 
It is impossible in so brief a space to tell of the enormous work 
which has been shown along these lines by the Department since 
its creation. The interesting and vital thing is that through its 
efforts the revolting practice of turning the water-ways of the 
State into gigantic sewers has been halted, and as a result of the 
labors Pennsylvania, which was formerly typhoid ridden, has 
been freed from the enormous burden resulting from the deaths 
and illness due to this disease. 

As a result of seven years’ work to rectify the conditions that 
existed in 1905, typhoid fever has been reduced 67 per cent, in 
Pennsylvania and in that time the annual death rate has fallen 
from 4,000 to a trifle over 1,000. Nine years ago when Dr. 
Dixon first began his work as Commissioner of Health, the an¬ 
nual death rate was 16 per thousand. In 1912 it was 14 per 
thousand. If the death rate of 1906 had prevailed during the 
entire seven years there would have been 51,000 more deaths in 
Pennsylvania than have occurred, nor is this all, for at the 
lowest calculation there have been ten cases of illness to every 
death and thus 510,000 cases of illness have been prevented. 
Estimating the value of human life at the lowest figures which 
our students of economics have set this would mean a saving 
of $76,500,000 and probably as much again due to loss of wages 
and the expense accompanying illness. Then, after all, what 
does this enormous total amount to when compared to the gigantic 
saving of misery ? It is not to be wondered at that Pennsylvania 
points with pride to the splendid organization which is con¬ 
tinually on guard to protect the health and save the lives of her 
citizens. The work which has been accomplished is conserva¬ 
tion of the highest order, for as a great statesmen has said: 
“The primary wealth of a State is the health of its people.” 


a 


Courtesy of Harrisburg “Telegraph.” 

Hit by Democratic Tariff 















































































DEMOCRATIC PARTY IN AND OUT 


CAMPAIGN PLEDGES IGNORED BY WILSON AD¬ 
MINISTRATION. A RECORD OF 
INCONSISTENCY. 

An interesting analysis of Democratic inconsistency was 
brought before the House at Washington by Representative 
Simeon D. Fess, of Ohio. Tabulated it is as follows: 


DIVORCEMENT OE BUSINESS AND POLITICS. 


Democrats Out. 

Pledge themselves to separate 
business from politics. 


Democrats Out. 

Declared J. Pierpont Morgan 
the evil spirit of the money power. 

Democrats Out. 

Denounce Standard Oil Com¬ 
pany and U. S. Steel Corporation 
as leading culprits in money cor¬ 
porations. 

Democrats declare them crim¬ 
inal. 


Democrats In. 

Federal Reserve Board appoint¬ 
ed by President Wilson, with War¬ 
burg, of Kuhn, Loeb & Co., at its 
head is in almost continuous sit¬ 
tings with the New York Bankers 
in the formation of a pool to care 
for the gold. 

Democrats In. 

President Wilson invites Mor¬ 
gan to confer with him at the 
White House. 

Democrats In. 

Enact a law for Federal insur¬ 
ance of private shipping of the 
Standard Oil Company and U. S. 
Steel Corporation. 

Democrats insure them against * 
loss. 


MERCHANT MARINE. 


Democrats Out. 

Oppose Government assistance 
in the rebuilding in Merchant 
Marine. 


Democrats inveigh against these 
corporations. 


Democrats In. 

Administration lends American 
flag to Standard Oil Company and 
U. S. Steel Corporation and 
United Fruit Company, owning 20 
vessels, foreign built and foreign 
operated. 

Democrats lend our flag. 


150 



PANAMA CANAL. 


Democrats Out. 

Demand free tolls for American 
ships. 


Democrats In. 

Denounce free tolls for Ameri¬ 
can ships and repeal free tolls 
law. 


BANKING AND CURRENCY. 


Democrats Out. 

Denounce Aldrich bill as a 
product of Wall Street and char¬ 
acterize the Vreeland provision 
as the acme of stupidity. 


Democrats denounce Republican 
financial policy. 


Democrats In. 

Democratic Currency Bill writ¬ 
ten by the editor of the Wall 
Street Journal. 

Law finally passed incorporates 
most of the features of the 
Aldrich /bill. Later, Democrats 
resorted to the Vreeland measure 
to avert a financial panic. 

Democrats embrace Republican 
financial policy. 


INDUSTRIAL CONDITIONS. 


Democrats Out. 

In time of Republican prosper¬ 
ity, Woodrow Wilson declared 
prosperity was limited to the big 
organizations. 


Democrats In. 

When the Democratic tariff law 
paralyzes business, Woodrow Wil¬ 
son said the paralysis was not rea\ 
but merely “psychological.” 


HIGH COST OP LIVING. 


Democrats Out. 

Declared tariff was the cause of 
the high cost of living and said 
revision would reduce it. 


Democrats In. 

Revised the tariff, and the cost 
of living is going higher and 
higher. 


DEMOCRATIC ECONOMY. 


Democrats Out. 

Pledge themselves for economy 
and charge Republicans with ex¬ 
travagance. 


Democrats In. 

Expenditures authorized and 
proposed by the Democratic Ad¬ 
ministration this year exceed the 
expenditures of the corresponding 
year of the last Republican Ad¬ 
ministration by over $100,000,000. 





152 


civil, SERVICE. 

Democrats Out. Democrats In. 

Declared that merit and ability Appropriates nearly $4,000,000 

should be the rule of their ap- to the spoils system, 
pointments. 


EFFICIENCY. 


Democrats Out. 

Declared Republican Adminis¬ 
tration inefficient. 


Democrats In. 

Have had to call in Republican 
experts to disentagle accounts in 
the Treasury Department. 


WAR VETERANS. 


Democrats Out. 

Pledge themselves to a gener¬ 
ous pension policy. 


Democrats In. 

Dismiss and demote veterans 
from Washington departments 
without cause. 


WATERWAYS. 


Democrats Out. 

Declared favoring a liberal and 
comprehensive plan for the de¬ 
velopment and improvement of 
our inland waterways with econo¬ 
my and efficiency. 

RULE OF 

Democrats Out. 

Demanded a return to the “rule 
of the people.” 


Democrats In. 

Try to force through a “pork 
barrel” Rivers and Harbors mea¬ 
sure, carrying an appropriation of 
53 million of dollars. 

The people. 

Democrats In. 

During their brief control of 
the House of Representatives. 
Democrats bring in 52 “gag rules” 
forcing their measure through and 
shutting off debate. 


WAR TAXES UNDER DEMOCRATIC 
RULE. 


BURDEN THE PEOPLE MUST BEAR AS A RESULT 
OF MISMANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL 
AFFAIRS. 

As a result of Democratic mismanagement of National affairs 
the people of the United States, for the first time in the history 
of this country, must bear the burden of war taxes in time of 
peace. For the purpose of bolstering up a wretched revenue 
policy of near free trade the country must submit to direct taxes. 
The Wilson administration by this means must raise one hun¬ 
dred million dollars additional for the Federal treasury. 

Before the European war broke out we were importing on 
every business day goods to the value of $1,000,000 more than 
on the corresponding period of a year ago. That meant $1,000,- 
000 taken from the industries of the United States and extensive 
loss of employment. In addition, our exports had fallen off to 
an alarming degree. But that wasn’t all. The imported stuff was 
coming in either free of duty or at such low rates that the reve¬ 
nue was seriously affected. Even without the war there would 
have had to be taxes under such conditions. 

The war began about the first of August. There has been a 
falling off of imports since then of course, but not to the ex¬ 
tent that would have rendered taxes necessary under the old 
schedules. The free list has been greatly extended. The cuts in 
duties have been severe. Under this free list and under these 
cuts there is a loss of revenue for the month of August of about 
$10,000,000. But had there been no theorizing with the tariff, 
the imports would have yielded sufficient income to have made a 
resort to direct taxation unnecessary. 

153 




154 


1 FREE TRADE AND EXTRAVAGANCE. 

A blind tariff policy and a mania for wasting money by the 
millions have brought the country to the condition where the 
Democratic Congress must adopt a new revenue bill. 

It was suggested that much of the needed amount might be 
had by a 3 per cent, tax on freight rates. The Southern states¬ 
men who are in the saddle at Washington had agreed upon this 
plan when there arose such a protest from the agricultural inter¬ 
ests that a halt had to be called. The tax meant a direct addi¬ 
tion to the price of food. And so the Democratic leaders evolved 
a scheme that is strong only in the lack of common sense. They 
have taxed about everything in sight—life insurance, concerts, 
theaters, museums, promissory notes, telephone messages, cer¬ 
tificates of deposit, mortgages, money orders, the stock brokers 
who are out of business because the Exchanges are all closed— 
they have taxed everything under the sun that came into their 
heads. The one legitimate tax is that on pawnbrokers. The 
pawnbrokers can stand it, since they are the people who are 
really doing good business. 

Taxes, taxes, taxes on everything and all because of a deadly 
tariff policy and an extravagant Congress. 

And the President asks the people to indorse this policy! 

It is for the people to say at the November election whether 
they are satisfied with near-free trade, demoralized industry and 
$100,000,000 increased taxes or whether they will return to Re¬ 
publican principles and policies. The issue is plain and it has 
been fixed definitely by the President himself. 


INDUSTRIAL DEPRESSION AND DIRECT TAXES. 

When on September 25 the Democratic war tax measure came 
before the House, Representative James R. Mann, of Illinois, the 
Republican leader, addressing the House in part, said: 

While our people are burdened with industrial depression and 
financial fears, largely resultant from a wrong economic tariff 
policy and dangerous provisions threatening to business and 



i55 


business men and doubts and uncertainty growing out of the 
new banking and currency law, it is not the time to add unne¬ 
cessary burdens in the form of increased taxes. [Applause on 
the Republican side.] 

If the people will restore the Republican party to majority in 
this House, we promise the country that we will keep the expendi¬ 
tures of the Government down, avoid extravagant appropriations, 
and do away with the necessity for increased internal-revenue 
taxes. [Applause on the Republican side.] We will let the 
people use the money which they have to carry on business 
instead of paying new taxes. We will decrease the importations 
of articles which might better be made in this country and in¬ 
crease the exportation of manfactured articles made here. 
We will give the country renewed confidence, as we did in 1897. 
[Applause on the Republican side.] We will start up the mills, 
give labor employment, give capital proper rewards, give people 
confidence to go into business, give banks confidence to loan 
money, restore financial credit, and add to prosperity, and all 
without levying the unnecessary and exasperating stamp taxes. 
[Applause on the Republican side.] 

Mr. Speaker, the country is tired of the Democratic assaults 
on our prosperity. 

We are again reminded by existing conditions of the injury 
caused by the Democratic administration from 1893 to 1897. 

The Democrats have now again enacted tariff legislation 
against the interests of our own industries and favoring those 
of foreign countries. They have reduced the output and oppor¬ 
tunities of our domestic mills and increased the importation of 
the products of foreign mills. Labor is idle, capital is dis¬ 
tressed. __ 

INCREASED CANADIAN IMPORTS. 

For the 12 months ending April 30 last we increased our im¬ 
portations from Canada by $32,000,000, while during the same 
period we decreased our exports to Canada by $39,000,000. 
That was the result of a Democratic tariff and administration. 




In July last, before the war abroad began, we imported 
$5,538,344 more than we exported—that was under the Demo¬ 
cratic tariff—while in July a year ago we exported $21,929,008 
more than we imported—that was under the Republican tariff. 

The inevitable result of such a policy has been business de¬ 
pression and idle men looking for work. 

Nearly a year ago the Democratic Congress enacted a new 
currency and banking law, in which the good things were taken 
from the Aldrich plan, but which included so many bad and 
doubtful provisions that the President, who insisted a year ago 
upon its speedy passage, has been afraid for months to put it 
into active and actual operation. 

A war abroad is given as the excuse for the present dangerous 
financial condition in the country, but we would have had no 
really serious condition if we had had Republican policies and 
Republican confidence. Fear of the Democrats and their con¬ 
tinued assaults on business and the resullts of their inefficient 
and almost imbecile legislation and management has well-nigh 
paralyzed the active force, of our land. 

We are told now that instead of practicing governmental 
economy we must increase the taxes to be paid by the people. 
The present Democratic administration and Democratic Con¬ 
gress have been grossly extravagant. The appropriations and 
expenditures are greater than ever before, but the President, 
instead of enforcing economy, asks for more taxes. 


IDLE MILLS AND HUNGRY WORKMEN. 

Let us stop the extravagant expenditure of the public money 
and we can get along very well, for a time at least, without in¬ 
creased taxation, and if we properly tax the goods coming from 
abroad and competing with our home production we will not 
need to add to our home taxation. 

To the idle mills and idle workmen crying for relief the Presi¬ 
dent, instead of bread, offers increased taxation. 

The Democratic administration is now proposing to grant 



157 


financial relief by wild inflation of the currency. Gold is now 
practically at a premium. Inflation may give temporary ex¬ 
hilaration, but its logical effect is disaster and a demand for more 
inflation. 

The value of the money in circulation and with which wages 
are paid must be maintained if our efforts will do so. We must, 
without yielding our honor, keep out of the European war. 
There is no partisanship in that, but we are in constant danger 
through the blundering legislation demanded by President Wil¬ 
son and Secretary Bryan. 

But the war has proved a “white hope” for the Democrats. 
They are almost glad it happened. They think it will divert at¬ 
tention from their misdoings. But the people should remember 
that the troubles were upon us before the war began. We were 
suffering from Democratic times prior to the end of July. 

Not only had our business suffered at home, but this adminis¬ 
tration had ceased to give any protection to our business abroad. 
Americans, with their enterprises and capital, had been driven out 
of Mexico by the bandits there without the slightest protest of our 
Government. 


INCOMPETENCE OF DEMOCRACY. 

This country has a great opportunity at present. 

The other great commercial nations are at war with each 
other. 

We have the chance of an age. 

We should encourage, by proper protection, new factories 
here to produce dyestuffs, drugs, chemicals, silks, cotton, wool¬ 
ens, and so forth, and make ourselves independent of the foreign 
producer. We should reserve our home markets for our own 
producers. 

Then, we should take the threatening hands of the Govern¬ 
ment off legitimate capital, business, and enterprise and tell our 
citizens to go out and get the commerce of the world. They 
can and will do it if the Government will quit hampering them 





with threats, with prosecutions, with Clayton antitrust bills, and 
with the constant efforts to repress enterprise. 

But our people will only capture the world’s markets in the 
effort to get rich. We should encourage men to try to get rich, 
to go after the business, to seek trade in other countries, to 
make money out of these foreign possibilities. Fighting in bat¬ 
tle is not a pink-tea affair, neither is fighting for business. Both 
try men’s souls. But let us quit kicking the heroes who win, 
and who win because they overcome obstacles. Let us take the 
restraining hand of government off proper business enterprise 
and tell our people to go out and get the trade and that we will 
bless them for it instead of awarding threats of penitentiary 
sentences. 

The Democratic party has shown that it does not know how 
to reduce the cost of living, though it has reduced the means 
of earning a living. 

Mr. Speaker, you Democrats are good people, but you do not 
know how to run the country. [Prolonged applause on the 
Republican side.] 


STIRRING APPEAL TO FARMERS 


LEADER IN GRANGE MOVEMENT URGES RURAL 
VOTERS TO SUPPORT REPUBLICAN PARTY. 

H. J. Bachelder, Past Master of the National Grange, one of 
the foremost exponents of agriculture in the United States, and 
former Governor of New Hampshire, spoke to several thousand 
persons at the Farmers’ Picnic at Lentz’s Grove, in Dauphin 
County. Mr. Bachelder took a view diametrically opposed to that 
of “Farmer” Creasy, the Pennsylvania Granger, who is also the 
Democratic candidate for Lieutenant-Governor, and who has b^en 
urging the farmers to vote the Democratic ticket this fall. 

Mr. Bachelder made it very plain that the only hope for better 
things for the farmer lies in supporting the ticket of the Repub¬ 
lican party, and he gave the strongest of reasons for his views. 
He said in part: 

“I am glad to have this opportunity to appeal in Pennsylvania 
for Republican unity and Republican success. Such unity and 
success were never more needed than now. We have had a 
severe experience all over the country, and as a result of it the 
people of the country, the farmers, the producers of all sorts of 
commodities, and the consumers likewise, realize that our great 
need is the restoration of Republican control at Washington. 

“The election in Pennsylvania this year is of national impor¬ 
tance to the farmers. It is of importance to the farmers of every 
State, and of course of even more importance to the farmers of 
Pennsylvania. This is because Pennsylvania will elect a United 
States Senator this year, and because the man chosen by popular 
vote at the primaries to be the candidate of the Republican party 
for this high office, and whose name will be before all the voters 
at the popular election in November, is a man who both in him¬ 
self and by virtue of the leadership he has won has served the 

159 






i6o 


farmers of the whole United States, as well as those of Penn¬ 
sylvania, with the most devoted and valuable service, and who 
at this time, both because of his rare personal ability and the 
powerful influence he has acquired, stands alert and thoroughly 
equipped to render to the American farmer in the months to come 
the greatest service of which they now stand in need. 

“Senator Boies Penrose is to-day the ranking Republican mem¬ 
ber of the Committee on Finance of the United States Senate. 
This committee is the leading committee of the Senate. It is the 
committee to which are referred all tariff and revenue matters, 
and the most important questions of national public policy that 
come before the Senate. He reached this position as a result of 
effective service on this committee during many years. The lead¬ 
ership on this committee which he holds can be won only by 
such faithful and continued service. There is no other way. 
This leadership is determined by seniority, and this means the 
steady, continuous service of years until the top is reached. 


PENROSE AS A LEADER. 

“Senator Penrose has reached this position by such service, 
and his service on this committee has been distinguished by hard 
work and great ability, as his colleagues and associates know. 
And this leadership which he has fairly won makes him the Re¬ 
publican leader of the Senate to-day. This is his position now 
when he comes before the voters of his State for re-election. This 
is why his candidacy—-his election—is of national importance. 
He is the leader of the Republican party in Congress now. He 
is, therefore, the national leader of the Republican party this 
year, for the national work of the party this year is entirely in 
the legislative field. It has to do solely with the present and 
proposed work of Congress, for it will be two years hence before 
we can make any contest involving the national administration, 
that is, the Presidency and the entire executive department of our 
National Government. 

“Pennsylvania has no one else who if elected to the Senate 



i6i 

at this time, could possibly become a leader there before the lapse 
of many years, either of the Republican party or of any other 
party. As to the Democratic candidate who is opposing Senator 
Penrose, I shall not say anything about his free trade principles 
and practices, but, notwithstanding his principles, which have 
never been understood to be the principles of Pennsylvania, if a 
political miracle should happen and he should be elected to the 
Senate he would have to go through many years of service be¬ 
fore he could acquire influence and leadership. The political 
miracle of electing a free trade Senator from Pennsylvania would 
have to be repeated over and over again to enable him to become 
a Senatorial leader. As to the candidate of the Washington or 
Progressive party, his situation is even worse, for the third party 
he represents is disintegrating so rapidly that to elect him would 
be to have Pennsylvania standing practically alone in the Senate 
and a negligible quantity. 


HIS KNOWLEDGE OF PENROSE. 

“It is fundamentally because of this great Republican national 
necessity for the re-election of Senator Penrose that I feel it my 
duty to come into Pennsylvania and speak as a farmer to farmers 
on this subject. I feel keenly that the welfare of our farming 
interests requires the re-establishment of the Republican protec¬ 
tive policy, of which Senator Penrose is the greatest national 
champion. And I have an especial personal satisfaction in being 
able to speak in behalf of Senator Penrose, because I have had 
personal knowledge and experience of his devotion to his work 
in Washington, of his great ability and resourcefulness, of his 
fidelity in every way to the protective principles and the other 
accepted Republican principles, and to his particular and friendly 
interest in every matter that relates to the welfare of the Ameri¬ 
can farmers. 

“It was my good fortune to be for a number of years the 
Master of the National Grange, and as such the chairman of the 
Legislative Committee of that great organization. 

6 





“I found that under the most difficult and trying circumstances, 
when the greatest possible pressure was being directed against 
agricultural interests, Senator Penrose insisted on securing for 
the farmers a thorough hearing of all the matters they desired 
to present in their behalf, and that he insisted on defeating where 
he could—and deferring to the utmost where he could not de¬ 
feat—all measures that were opposed by the farmers. I found 
that he always did all he could to advance the measures that the 
farmers favored. I know that the farmers of Pennsylvania and 
the rest of the country owe a great deal to him for services ren¬ 
dered constantly and cheerfully to farming interests. He has 
always favored and labored for ample protection to agricultural 
products. As he has done all he could for the American farmers 
and for the Republican party as a whole, I feel that I ought to do 
everything in my power to urge the people of Pennsylvania to 
return him by a large majority to that place in the United States 
Senate which he has made such a great national force for the 
credit and welfare of his State.” 

Mr. Bachelder then pointed out how Democratic free trade had 
hurt the farmer by bringing Australian butter, Chinese eggs, 
Argentine corn and other foreign products to the United States 
to be sold here in competition with those of the American farmer. 
The effect of this has been to the United States an increase in 
the foodstuffs imported of $73,000,000, which, though it has 
hurt the farmers, has not decreased the high cost of living to the 


consumer. 








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SCHOOLS FOR SOLDIERS’ ORPHANS 


LIBERAL APPROPRIATIONS UNDER REPUBLICAN 
CONTROL FOR EDUCATION OF VETERANS’ 
CHILDREN. 

On Thanksgiving morning, 1863, two children, who had been 
made orphans by the Civil War, called at the Executive Mansion 
in Harrisburg and asked the great Republican War Governor, 
Andrew G. Curtin, for bread. This incident is said to have 
furnished the inspiration which led to the establishment of Penn¬ 
sylvania’s splendid system of Soldiers’ Orphan Schools. To the 
efficiency and value of this educational system many thousands 
of widows and orphans throughout this Commonwealth cheer¬ 
fully will bear testimony. It was established and has been main¬ 
tained under the direction of the Republican party. 

At one time there were forty-two schools, in which were lo¬ 
cated the orphan children of the veterans of the War of the 
Rebellion, who were killed in battle or who died from disease 
since the war, and the children of soldiers, who were unable 
to educate, maintain and clothe them as all children of men who 
took part in that great struggle should be educated and main¬ 
tained. Nearly 20,000 children have been admitted to these 
schools. 

Since 1889 a commission has had charge of the Soldiers’ 
Orphan Schools. It consists of the Governor, three members 
of the House of Representatives, two members of th- State Sen¬ 
ate, and five members of the Grand Army of the Republic, recom¬ 
mended by the Department Commander to the Governor for 
appointment every two years. 


164 



PROTECTION OF THE STATE. 

No other State has equalled Pennsylvania in the protection 
and care of children of soldiers of the Rebellion and the Spanish- 
American War. These children have been prepared to meet the 
battle of life. In later years they are found occupying honorable 
positions in the judiciary of the State and honorable members 
of the bar, editors of newspapers, legislators, in the pulpits of 
the churches, officers in the Army and Navy, and merchants, 
and hundreds of them filling prominent places in the mechani¬ 
cal industries and on the railroads. In fact, an enumeration of 
these pupils, graduates of the Soldiers’ Orphan Schools, would 
more than occupy the entire space given to this volume. 

The conduct of the Soldiers’ Orphan School system is a 
tribute to the able management of the party in power in Penn¬ 
sylvania. Those who are most closely identified with that sys¬ 
tem who have met with the pupils throughout the State and 
country, and who are familiar with the benefits they have de¬ 
rived from that educational system, speak in the highest praise 
of the efficient manner in which it has been administered. 


FOSTERED BY REPUBLICAN PARTY. 

The Commissioners of the Soldiers’ Orphan Schools regard 
the pupils as their special wards as they themselves wore the 
blue and, therefore, have a genuine sympathy for the orphans of 
their former comrades. The great industrial school under their 
charge has many pupils enroll’d. Thus, these children are 
not only educated in the schoolroom, but also are instructed 
in the industrial department, in order that when they go out 
into the world they will be equipped to support themselves. 
During every Republican administration since the Civil War the 
Republican party earnestly and successfully has endeavored to 
properly provide adequate educational facilities for the children 
of the men whom this State sent forth to fight the battles of the 
Republic. 




COMMENTS OF THE STATE PRESS 


ISSUES AND IMPORTANCE OF CAMPAIGN DIS¬ 
CUSSED BY MEN CLOSE TO THE PEOPLE. 

The nomination of Boies Penrose for United States Senator, 
Martin G. Brumbaugh for Governor, and their associates on the 
Republican ticket has the enthusiastic approval of the Repub¬ 
lican press of Pennsylvania. No other class of men stands so 
close to the people as the editors of “out-of-town” news¬ 
papers. Inva&iably they are intimately identified with the in¬ 
terests of their several communities and are qualified to speak 
for them with more fidelity and intelligence than other persons. 
For this reason the utterances of a large number of such editors 
upon the issues of the campaign are presented in this text book. 
Many others full of commendation for the Republican ticket 
and loyalty to Republican principles, which it had been intended 
to include, are omitted only because of considerations of space. 
The following extracts have been selected from the editorial 
matter in hand, with a view to making the showing as represent¬ 
ative in point of geological distribution as possible: 


ONLY STATE FREE OF DEBT. 

From the McConnellsburg “Republican.” 

According to the figures of the United States Census Bureau, 
Pennsylvania is the only State in the Union free of debt. In 
only a small number of the States is the record of Pennsylvania 
in this respect approached, and some of the Commonwealths of 
the Nation have a per capita debt exceeding that of the United 
States, $1,059. 

It has been the constant charge of the Democrats of this State 
that under Republican management there has been constant waste 

166 



167 

of the public money and extravagance beyond measure. Not 
long since it was seriously asserted by one ardent, but woefully 
ignorant, Democratic writer that Pennsylvania was actually on 
the verge of bankruptcy, and that certain well-known men of 
the State were being considered as possible receivers. Of course, 
this was absurd on the face of it, but it shows the length to 
which these detractors of the great empire of Pennsylvania will 
go in their efforts to malign those who have been in charge of 
the affairs of its government. 

The truth of the matter is that Pennsylvania, as the census 
record shows, has been and is one of the most carefully managed 
States in the Union. Not only have those who have been in 
charge of its finances been so careful in their expenditures as 
to constantly leave at the close of every administration a hand¬ 
some surplus in the treasury, but they have so arranged matters 
that the burden of our taxes falls largely upon the great cor¬ 
porations that play so prominent a part in the life of the Com¬ 
monwealth. In this way not only are our own people relieved 
largely from the payment of State taxes, but consumers of many 
another State in which our manufactured products are sold are 
made to contribute their share through corporation taxes to our 
prosperity. 

It may not be, however, that this freedom from State debt 
is a virtue entirely. For instance, we are in sore need of ex> 
tensive road improvements. It is well nigh impossible for the 
Legislature to appropriate sufficient money out of the general 
revenue without restricting expenditure elsewhere, to provide 
sufficient money to carry out the program that the State High¬ 
way Department believes to be necessary for the proper develop¬ 
ment of our highways. There is no question that the taxpayers 
made a serious mistake when they turned down the road loan 
a year ago. They were misled by the same falsifying trouble 
makers who have been telling them that the State is in a bad 
shape financially, and the figures presented by the United States 
Census Bureau are bound to disillusionize those who have been 
accepting these lies as facts. 




168 


THE HANDWRITING ON THE WALL. 

From the Huntingdon “Globe/” 

The Progressive party contnues to olav the role of a vanishing 
army. One by one its former strongholds are surrendering. 

This fact is appreciated by the country. Each day brings fur¬ 
ther evidence and proof of the trend of things. In North Dakota 
the Progressive party has just faided to nominate a State ticket, 
because it fell short of the number of votes necessary to secure 
a place on the official ballot. To nominate a candidate it was 
necessary to have at least twenty-five per cent, of the vote cast for 
its candidate at the last previous election. The North Dakota 
Progressives could only get votes to the number of two thousand. 
So they were ruled out. Yet in the election of 1912 the vote cast 
for Roosevelt was twenty-seven thousand. 

Minnesota is one of the States that at the last Presidential elec¬ 
tion cast its electoral vote for the Progressive nominee. The 
Roosevelt vote of that year was over one hundred and twenty-five 
thousand. The facts in these two cases speak loudly for them¬ 
selves, and they are typical of the conditions all the country over. 

One of the great Progressive strongholds has been the State 
of Massachusetts. Local conditions there, and a leader of ability 
and possessed of large financial resources, have made it a fertile 
soil for the growth of the Progressive party. Last fall the party 
was so strong in its leadership that the Progressive candidate for 
Governor received more votes thani did the Republican. This 
fact was at once hailed with great glee by the Progressive leaders 
of the country as a measure of the party’s strength, when in 
reality it was an expression of confidence in the integrity and 
business ability of the nominee. 

So excellent was the showing that Mr. Bird made in his cam¬ 
paign last year that it has been the confident Progressive boast 
that this fall he would be elected Governor. Mr. Bird himself 
had this same idea. But recently he has been looking over the 
situation, and testing the current of thought in the State. The 
result of this inquiry is that he now announces that he will not 


169 


accept the Progressive nomination for Governor, and refuses 
under any circumstances to be the standard bearer this year. 

The decision of Mr. Bird means also that there is to be Repub¬ 
lican success in Pennsylvania. In many respects the two States 
are identical in their interests and in, their sentiments. Both are 
manufacturing communities and have been hard hit by the tariff; 
both are vitally concerned in the program to handicap legitimate 
business; both contain a large farmer vote, which will not stand 
for free trade in the products of the farm. The sentiment that 
the Massachusetts Progressive found to exist in his State, so 
strong that it took from him all inclination to be a candidate on a 
Progressive ticket this fall, exists in the same form and to the 
same extent in Pennsylvania. The handwriting is large upon 
the wall, and only the blind can fail to read it. 


REPUBLICAN TICKET WORTHY OF SUPPORT. 

From the West Chester “Village Record.” 

The Republican party and its managers need not apologize to 
the great mass of voters of this State for the men nominated for 
the high offices to be filled next November. The ticket is made 
up of good, clean men, able in every way to fill the offices to which 
they have been nominated. Nothing is needed to give a better 
illustration of the great confidence the people of this State have 
in United States Senator Boies Penrose, to represent us at Wash¬ 
ington, than the splendid vote he received at the primary election. 
The figures even went beyond what the Senator himself and his 
close friends had hoped for. It was a magnificent tribute to the 
ability of the senior Senator, and it is the duty of every citizen 
of the State who desired to see the welfare of our people protected 
to vote for him at the November election. Previous to this cam¬ 
paign there were many voters- who never had the opportunity of 
seeing or hearing the genial Senator, and his success was attributed 
to his visits over the State, as much as any one thing connected 
with his campaign. Much of the bitterness expressed previous to 




170 


his State-wide tour in his own interest was due to the fact that the 
people did not know what an able man Senator Penrose is. 

Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh, as the candidate for Governor, brings 
into the campaign a man who is in every way fitted for the high 
position as our Chief Executive. The influences that have been 
trying to disrupt the Republican party for some time can say 
nothing against his character or his ability. There will be no 
excuse for any Republican leaving his party because Dr. Brum¬ 
baugh’s name appears on the ticket. 

The same tribute can be paid Hon. Frank B. McClain, of Lan¬ 
caster, the candidate for Lieutenant Governor, and Henry Houck, 
our good old German, friend from Lebanon, who has successfully 
filled the office of Secretary of Internal Affairs for a number of 
years. As to our candidates for the places on the Supreme and 
Superior Court benches, their high devotion to their duties as 
Judges in their respective counties makes them eminently fit and 
above criticism. 

The ticket is a strong one, and with the large number of Repub¬ 
lican voters enrolled, and the great number who will come back 
into the party at the September registration, the party majorities 
in November should be the largest given any candidate in the 
State for a long time. The people are surely tired of Democratic 
domination, and even the great Democratic leader, A. Mitchell 
Palmer, will find it a hard task to attract voters away from the 
Republican fold this year. The small vote cast for the Washing¬ 
ton party candidate is sufficient proof that Republicans are not 
going to be misled by any so-called reformers coming into this 
State, to serve no other purpose than to destroy the regular 
Republican organization. These people accomplished nothing in 
the last Presidential election but the selection of Democrats to 
office, instead of good Republicans, and the same thing will not 
happen again in Pennsylvania, at least for many years, certainly 
not this year with the splendid ticket the party presents to the 
well-thinking people of this State for their suffrage in, November. 


i7i 

G. O. P. THE REAL REMEDY. 

From the York “Dispatch.” 

Two things will not be denied by any one familiar with trade 
conditions in this country within recent years. The first is that 
the election of President Wilson found the country fairly pros¬ 
perous and employment for labor at good wages better than it 
ever was before in times of peace. The other is that exactly oppo¬ 
site conditions prevail now. Business is not good and employment 
is scarce. Men may and do differ as to the cause of this, but the 
fact is indisputable. 

President Wilson says the tariff bill he insisted on passing 
through Congress virtually establishing free trade has not hurt 
the business of the country. Also, he claims the stringent anti¬ 
trust legislation he is using all the powers of his office to put on 
the statute books of the country will not unfavorably affect 
business. On the contrary, he claims intensive government regu¬ 
lation will emancipate business and take from corporations and 
other large concerns the power to place smaller rivals in business 
at a disadvantage. He calls it the New Freedom. 

On every side there is abundant evidence that the vast ma¬ 
jority of the business men of the country disagree with the Presi¬ 
dent. He is not and never was a business man, yet he sets up his 
judgment, particularly in the so-called antitrust regulation legis¬ 
lation now pending in Congress, against at least a very great 
majority of those actually engaged in the business which employs 
in various capacities the millions of our industrial republic. 

It is the certain hurt without compensating advantage already 
inflicted by opening the gates for the importation of the products 
of cheap labor and the uncertainty as to the. outcome of the 
purely experimental financial and business regulating legislation 
that has caused employers of labor and business men generally to 
hesitate. Mills have been reduced to half time or closed alto¬ 
gether temporarily, and bank credits everywhere are being tight¬ 
ened because it is not possible to know in advance what vagaries 
may grow out of the so-called “New Freedom.” 




172 


Wage earners are the first and worst sufferers. But the ill 
conditions spread very rapidly until soon the cry of distress be¬ 
comes well nigh universal. It is only when those who earn from 
$10 to $25 and $30 a week are generally employed that times are 
good for everybody. They have to speind to live and educate 
their families all or the greater part of what they receive, so that 
a vast volume of money is in circulation. When they are out of 
employment they must still live, and so they seek credit on all 
sides. The small business man can no longer do a cash business, 
women and men expend less for clothing and other necessaries, 
while the banks have to extend credits or see their customers go 
into bankruptcy. These very conditions exist. 

President Wilson in his college professorial way says it is 
psychological—meaning the unfavorable conditions result from 
a state of mind which influences employers and capitalists rather 
than from facts which warrant their hesitancy and withholding 
from entering on new enterprises. 

Whatever the cause the remedy is not far to find. It is just 
plain Republicanism and an honest and open-hearted support by 
the plain people of the party that has always stood for American 
institutions. It is the party that gave humanity Abraham Lincoln 
and made government of the people by the people for the people 
possible. When it sought to abolish black slavery the monopolistic 
monarchical governments of the world were quick to proclaim 
government by the people was impossible, that it was an experi¬ 
ment which would go to pieces with the first internecine trouble, 
that only God’s anointed—meaning hereditary kings and princes 
—could rule with safety. The Republican party disproved the 
monarchical theory. And the spirit burns in it yet that estab¬ 
lished out of the stress and storm of war the only real people’s 
government the world has ever seen,. 

If the plain people of this country would restore it to prosper¬ 
ity and put it back on a basis of respect for American traditions, 
they will give their full support to the Republican party, and 
give it so overwhelmingly an end will be made, during the 
present generation at least, of the application of imported 



173 


socialistic schemes to the machinery of popular representative 
government under which our great industrial republic has so 
gloriously prospered in the past. The simple way out of all 
our present difficulties, most of which have been artificially 
produced, is to vote the Republican ticket and keep voting it 
until the leaders who through personal ambition or the hope 
of incorporating foreign socialistic notions in our government 
are forced to a knowledge of the fact home ways are best and the 
only ways that will satisfy the American people. 


BACK TO THE REPUBLICAN PARTY. 

From the Pottsville “Miners’ Journal.” 

The political drift of the hour is “back to the Republican party.” 

The organization which Mr. Roosevelt split wide open in 1912 
and sent down to defeat can be rebuilded stronger and better than 
ever before. 

That rebuilding is in progress to-day, Hundreds and hundreds 
of men are coming back to the fold. They followed new prophets 
for awhile; they prated of idealism and then drained the cups of 
disillusion to the bitter dregs. 

They are coming back to the Republican party because they re¬ 
alize that while there may be considerable to be desired in it yet 
its condition is such that it can easily be made stronger in compo¬ 
sition and stronger in reflecting the true patriotism and love of 
country of those who have abided by its principles, some of them 
since the days of the sainted Lincoln. 

The Republican party is strong enough and big enough to cor¬ 
rect its own defects. It can bring, and is bringing, about reform 
within the party. 

When we take up the Republican party’s alleged weaknesses we 
are surprised to find that for many of these weaknesses the oppo¬ 
sition has not offered anything stronger. For Penrose the Pro¬ 
gressives offer us Flinn j for Barnes they offer us Perkins. And 
who do the Democrats offer us? Palmer in Pennsylvania, and a 





174 

choice between William Sulzer and Charley Murphy in New 
York. 

The men who deserted the Republican party, coming in droves, 
each one of them, asked and expected something better than what 
the Republican party was giving them. They got less; less in 
service to the country, less in sincerity and less in ability. So 
they are coming back to the Republican party, coming in droves, 
each one of them intent upon building the party up so that it may 
become stronger and better than ever before. 

One often learns which is the best doctor by simply changing 
doctors. 


“PENROSEISM.” 

From the Easton “Sunday Call.” 

From the charges of “Penroseism” made against candidates for 
office on both the Republican and Democratic tickets the ill in¬ 
formed citizen would be inclined to think that “Penroseism” is 
a crime against the welfare of the people of Pennsylvania that 
cannot be too much condemned and punished. 

Let us inquire what this accusation of Penroseism actually is. 
Let us ascertain what Senator Penrose did that should make his 
name synonymous with that of some political crime. 

So far as we have been able to learn, Boies Penrose has been a 
Senator of the United States from Pennsylvania for eighteen 
years and he is a candidate for another term. No one will say 
that occupying and seeking a high public office is especially wrong, 
so long as one is qualified for the duties of the station. As a 
Senator Mr. Penrose has advocated every measure that the Re¬ 
publican platforms—both State and National—have endorsed and 
the Republican voters ratified at the polls. Was that “Penrose¬ 
ism”? Surely not, that was Stalwart Republicanism. We find, 
however, that Senator Penrose has not been able to appease the 
appetite of every office-hungry Republican for a place in the pub¬ 
lic service, and for that reason has offended every disappointed 
aspirant who is to-day shouting about “Penroseism.” There is 




*75 


not one of the whole disgruntled set who would not be Senator 
Penrose’s most obsequious follower if he had been able or willing 
to fasten them at the public crib. Take it from us, every man 
in Pennsylvania, who was a Republican, and is now “ferninst” 
Penrose is so because he was disappointed as an office-seeker, or 
is a chronic fault-finder. 

A most amusing feature of this charge of “Penroseism” is that 
each faction of the Democratic party in Pennsylvania is charging 
its opponent with being in cahoot with Senator Penrose. The so- 
called Reorganization Democrats denounce the “Bi-partisan 
League, composed of Senator Penrose’s friends and the Guffey- 
Hall-Ryan-Donnelly faction, now calling itself the “Old Guard.” 
And the Old Guard” is getting back at the Reorganizers with a 
like accusation. In Easton, only last week, an “Old Guard” publi¬ 
cation charged Representative Palmer with being tainted with 
Penroseism,” because when in Easton he has often eaten his 
meals at a restaurant owned by a Republican, a friend of Senator 
Penrose. 

Don’t you think it’s about time for sane men to call a halt on 
this foolish twaddle about “Penroseism?” As a politician Senator 
Penrose has done no more and no less than Theodore Roosevelt, 
when he had the appointment of public officers, nor than President 
Wilson has practiced during the short year he has been able to 
exercise executive power. It ill becomes any follower of Roose¬ 
velt to denounce Senator Penrose, for during the eight years that 
Roosevelt was President his appointments were largely made upon 
the recommendation of Senator Penrose. And although Presi¬ 
dent Wilson is still a new hand at chopping off official heads no 
one will deny that he has proven himself an apt learner. 

This cry about “Penroseism” is unworthy of any sane man’s 
recognition. The issue at the coming election is not Senator Pen¬ 
rose or any other individual, but whether the policy of the Wilson 
administration is to your way of thinking and reasoning the best 
for the country or the worst. The citizen who approves of the 
measures passed by the Democratic Congress and approved by 
President Wilson is in duty bound to vote for Democratic candi- 



176 


dates. The citizen, who on the contrary believes in Protection, in 
a safe and sane Income Tax law that even ordinary people can un¬ 
derstand, the application of the time-honored Monroe doctrine 
with reference to Mexican conditions, and favors no tolls for 
American coastwise vessels going through the Panama Canal, 
will vote the Republican ticket no matter who the candidate may 
happen to be, even though it should be Boies Penrose. The 
issue is plain and distinct. It canff be straddled, and no self- 
respecting citizen will attempt to straddle by the foolish clamor 
about “Penroseism.” 


HON. BOIES PENROSE. 

From the Dushore “Review.” 

The public career of Hon. Boies Penrose, since he entered the 
Pennsylvania Legislature in 1884, has been one of unselfish de ¬ 
votion to the interests of Pennsylvania and the whole country. 
He was born in Philadelphia and came of a distinguished family. 
He graduated at Harvard University, studied law, was admitted 
to the bar and practiced his profession until his election to the 
Legislature in 1884. He was elected to the Pennsylvania State 
Senate in 1886 and served in that body with distinguished ability 
until his election to the United States Senate in 1896. He has 
represented the State in the latter body down to the present 
time. 

During his service in the Senate of the United States Senator 
Penrose has risen to a commanding position in that body. No 
one has ever questioned his ability. As a member of the Finance 
Committee, the most important of all the committees, and the 
one having in charge all tariff bills and those for the raising of 
revenue, Senator Penrose has exerted a powerful influence among 
his constituents. No man in the United States to-day is a higher 
authority on the tariff than Senator Penrose. He has made it 
a life study. Protection is the very life blood of Pennsylvania 
and it is under the fostering care of this policy that the Slate 
has become the greatest industrial commonwealth in the world. 




177 


We need protection now more than ever. The Wilson-Under 
wood tariff law has wrought sad havoc with Pennsylvania in¬ 
dustries. Mills are shut down, factories are running on half 
time, working men are out of employment and the cost of living 
is still going up. The war in Europe has already shown the 
folly of near free trade. Many articles of foreign manufacture 
that are greatly needed and which could have been manufactured 
in this country, if properly protected, cannot now be had at any 
price. These conditions must be remedied at the earliest possible 
moment, and the first step is to elect as many Republican Senators 
and Representatives at the coming election as possible, and one 
of the most important steps is the election of Senator Penrose. 

When it comes to a revision of the tariff we have in Senator 
Penrose the best equipped man in the United States. He knows 
Pennsylvania and he knows its needs. He can be depended upon 
to see that these needs are supplied. Senator Penrose has made 
enemies. What public man of any prominence has not? But 
he has made friends by the legion who recognize in him the 
leadership that accomplishes things. This is no time for hesi¬ 
tation. People of all parties recognize the conditions that exist 
in this country, and this is the time to cast aside all partisanship, 
all personal feelings, and support the man who, more than any 
other, is best fitted for the emergency. Let us all stand together 
and give Senator Penrose an overwhelming majority at the 
polls in November. 


THE PRIMARIES AND THEIR RESULT. 

From the Doylestown “Intelligencer.” 

Returns of the primaries throughout the State indicate the 
people have fully realized the effect of the Democratic mal¬ 
administration in bringing about an era of industrial depression 
and disaster. They have learned by costly experience theoretical 
and experimental legislation does not bring about conditions for 
the betterment of the country and that the basic principles of the 






178 


Republican party work for the good of the whole country and 
not of any class or interests. They now know that the Democratic 
maladministration must be curbed, and have come to believe that 
only by a united effort of those opposed to the methods and leg¬ 
islation enacted by the present theoretical administration can there 
be any assurance of a return to power of that party which will 
give the country constructive and progressive legislation. 

That such is the sentiment of the people is shown by the large 
majority given Senator Boies Penrose over his opponent. They 
realize that the situation at the Nation’s Capitol needs men of 
experience and influence, that the menace to business interests can 
only be successfully met by men with ability and the power inci¬ 
dent to long service. They felt that a novice would be helpless in 
dealing with the vast interests of this State that would be men¬ 
aced by the destructive measures proposed, and that the only 
method of securing a change for the country’s good would be to 
see that a Republican who is admitted to be one of the ablest 
members of the Upper House is returned for another term. 

The same feeling undoubtedly was experienced in relation to the 
members of the Lower House. To successfully meet the methods 
of the Democratic administration it is necessary to secure a Re¬ 
publican Congress, and in that effort the voters of the Eighth 
District give their support to a man who has spent his life in the 
district, is interested in the industrial, financial and agricultural 
activities of the district and has a large experience in the affairs 
of eastern Pennsylvania. In supporting Henry W. Watson the- 
Republicans of Bucks County believed they saw the return of a 
Republican Representative to Congress from the Eighth District, 
the interests of which have been misrepresented the past four 
years. 

The disposition of former voters of the Washington party to 
come back to the Republican fold and redeem the country from the 
evil that has fallen upon it because of the defection of two years 
ago, is evidenced not only in the small enrollment, but also in 
the returns of the votes cast at the primary election. While there 
were but about 800 Washington party members enrolled, only 


✓ . 


179 


about 300 cast a ballot at the primaries, and over two-fifths of 
these cast their ballots for a Republican candidate for State Sen¬ 
ator. It is an excellent sign of the times that the Republicans 
and Progressives are getting together for a general campaign 
against the common enemy, and it augurs well for the future. 


STATE NOMINATIONS. 

From the Scranton “Tribune Republican.” 

Making an untrammeled choice, the Republican voters of Penn¬ 
sylvania have selected the Hon. Boies Penrose as their candidate 
for United States Senator. The people of Lackawanna, who 
presented one of their favorite sons, the Hon. Benj. Dimmick, 
for this high place, will bow to the principle of majority rule, 
and give Senator Penrose the hearty, whole-souled support to 
which his services to the party and to the nation entitle him. 

The heart of Mr. Dimmick must be stirred with pride by the 
loyal support given him in northeastern Pennsylvania. He swept 
Lackawanna overwhelmingly, and ran very well in all of the ad¬ 
jacent counties. His vote in all parts of the State shows that 
his merits are recognized, and that a very large element would 
have been pleased to see him made the standard bearer of the 
party in the coming gruelling campaign. 

Mr. Penrose’s admitted capacity and long experience in Con¬ 
gress, his commanding position as the Republican leader of the 
United States Senate, his loyalty to principle and to the issues 
that have brought marvellous advancement to the nation, will 
rally about him all who are anxious to effect improvement in 
general conditions and to restore to industry the remarkable pros¬ 
perity that marked our greater activities while the Republican 
party was in power. 

A flattering testimonial to the great strength of Dr. Martin 
G. Brumbaugh, the candidate for Governor, was that none was 
found to seriously contest the running with him. He is one of 
Pennsylvania’s foremost educators, with a helpful public experi¬ 
ence gained while serving his Government in Porto Rico. Of 








i8o 


unassailable character, the prediction is general that he will make 
the election over both of his opponents, who will find no vulner¬ 
able points in his armor at which to direct their attacks. 

Wise nominations for Lieutenant-Governor, Secretary of In¬ 
ternal Affairs and Congressmen-at-Large have placed the Repub¬ 
lican party in splendid position to wage an offensive campaign, 
that will put in a proper light before the people all of the issues 
now being considered in the State and Nation. 


PROTECTION AND PATRIOTISM. 

From the Lewisburg “News.” 

The result of Tuesday’s primary election in Pennsylvania marks 
a definite trend of public thought and sentiment. While the vote 
was small those who failed to go to the polls did not remain 
away on account of indifference, but because of the imperative 
demand upon the time of the farmers who are back with their 
work due to the lateness of the season. Added to this was the 
unfortunate enrollment act which is either misunderstood or re¬ 
sented by many voters, for a large number of very ardent par¬ 
tisans did not comply with its provisions and in consequence 
were denied a vote. 

Senator Penrose stripped the issue of all ambiguity and went 
boldly to the people on a platform of protection and patriotism, 
and the Republicans of the State accepted him as the standard- 
bearer of the party to lead in the contest against the FREE trade 
vagaries of President Wilson and Congressman Palmer. 

Likewise in the selection made by a sweeping declaration of 
preference by the Republicans of the Seventeenth District. By the 
force of extraordinary conditions which prevailed in 1912, the 
district was lost to a Democrat by a minority vote, but the district 
did not go Democratic by many thousands. The inefficiency of 
the Democratic party and inability of the party leaders to grasp 
and comprehend the imperative needs of a great industrial nation, 
has, within a single year of continuous legislating aroused popu¬ 
lar clamor for a change. Imbued with that inherited patriotism 



i8i 


and clear vision of the future, the road to this coveted change was 
entered with an enthusiasm and unanimity that portends a reck¬ 
oning at the polls in November that will sound the doom of free 
trade and assure a return to substantial methods and practices 
which, when grouped, spell business and prosperity. Having 
made a record of fidelity to principles and convictions under the 
stress of storm and strife and defeat, the enthusiastic rally from 
one end of the district to the other to the successful candidate for 
the Republican nomination for Congress, is but the natural re¬ 
action from the extreme error of two years ago, when the party 
everywhere met defeat as a result of internal strife. 

The signs of the times now point clearly, and popular hope 
rises as the voters once more declare themselves for men who 
comprehend popular government and what stimulation is required 
to keep the factories booming, farming profitable, wages high and 
happiness everywhere among the greatest people in all the world. 

The tide of popular will moves on and will grow in volume until 
the enemies of industry and prosperity are routed and annihilated 
in the final battle for American homes in 1916. 


THE TICKET. 

From the Uniontown “Herald.” 

The primaries are over. For the first time a United States 
Senator and an entire State ticket have been nominated by 
popular vote. The enthusiasm and general good will manifested 
over the outcome give assurance that the Republican candidates 
named on Tuesday will be triumphantly elected in November. 
The campaign of violent abuse waged against Senator Penrose 
and other prominent Republican leaders only served to disgust 
thousands of decent voters who went to the polls and registered 
their protest against this malicious and nauseating conduct by 
casting their ballots for Senator Penrose. All thinking, reason 
able men recognize that leaders are necessary to the success of 
any party. That being the leader of a great party in a great 




State always attracts the closest attention and invites the sharpest 
criticism of the opposition and the disappointed within the party 
To be the recognized leader of the majority party in a great 
State like Pennsylvania for any considerable time means that 
such leader must have ability, sagacity and character. 

Boies Penrose has been prominent in politics for a quarter of 
a century, and for several years has been a dominant figure in 
the United States Senate. He is now the ranking member on 
the all-powerful Committee on Finance. If the Republicans 
should again get control of the Senate he would be the chair¬ 
man of that committee, and consequently the leader of the Senate. 
No other man in the State is so well qualified by training and 
experience to protect the great interests of this Commonwealth 
in matters of national legislation. That he has always been alive 
and loyal to the interests of the State is beyond successful con¬ 
tradiction. His political enemies have heretofore been boasting 
that he dare not submit his candidacy to a vote of the people. 
No longer can this be argued, since he has gone before the 
people and has received their overwhelming indorsement. The 
languishing industries of this County and State need his services 
in Washington for the next six years to aid in restoring a fair 
and adequate protective tariff. 

His opponent, A. Mitchell Palmer, as a member of the Ways 
and Means Committee of the House, was given charge of framing 
the metal schedule of the present tariff bill which has prostrated 
the mills and factories, shut down our coke ovens and closed 
the doors of our workshops all over our fair Commonwealth. 
The campaign this fall will give Mr. Palmer an ample oppor¬ 
tunity to explain how the legislation he has championed has 
benefitted the people, and why thousands of honest and in¬ 
dustrious workingmen have either been unable to get employment 
at all, or have been working on shorter time or at reduced wages. 
Let the issue be joined. 



Courtesy of Harrisburg ‘Telegraph.” 


Poor Old Uncle 









184 


JUST WAIT TILL NOVEMBER. 

From the Easton “Free Press.” 

The results of the primary election—the first held in this State 
at which the voters chose directly their candidates for United 
States Senator—are most gratifying to the vast majority of the 
people of Pennsylvania, indicating as they do that there is a 
return to the rule and domination of the Republican party, not 
alone in this State, but throughout the country. 

The enormous vote polled for Senator Penrose’s and Martin 
G. Brumbaugh’s nominations, in comparison with the vote given 
to candidates of the other parties shows conclusively that this 
good old State has fully recovered from the hysteria which 
marked its actions at the National election which sent the Demo¬ 
crats into power at Washington in all branches of the Govern¬ 
ment. 

The very light vote polled for Pinchot and Lewis indicates 
clearly that Republicans have returned to their party where they 
belong, and that they intend to rebuke the faddists and the 
idealists who have brought about such sad conditions, not alone 
within our borders, but with relation to our country’s status in 
international politics. 

The people have had a taste of what Democratic foolishness 
and idealistic nonsense means. They do not like .the flavor. They 
are not only disgusted; they are fighting mad. They want a 
reversal of what has been given them during the present adminis¬ 
tration and they are going to vote for it in overwhelming numbers 
in November. 


PENROSE AND BRUMBAUGH. 

From the Mercer “Dispatch.” 

Returns from the primary election on Tuesday show that 
Senator Penrose was nominated over Mr. Dimmick, his Repub¬ 
lican opponent, by a large majority. This was the proper thing 
to do. Mr. Penrose has the experience, the intelligence, the 
influence and the power that are so necessary for a Senator to 



i8s 


have at Washington if the interests of Pennsylvania are to be 
duly served' in the crisis that is upon the State and Nation. 

For it is a crisis that confronts us with a near-free trade law 
menacing industry and with more legislation of a highly theoretical 
and experimental nature in contemplation. There is need, if 
these dangers are to be successfully met, that the Democratic ad¬ 
ministration should be curbed by a Republican victory next 
November. Given a Republican Congress, and an end will be 
put to experiments at the public’s expense. Afterwards will 
come, if everything goes well, constructive instead of destruc¬ 
tive legislation, and in this work the services of a man with the 
ripe experience of Senator Penrose will be needed. The Repub¬ 
lican voters have so decided, after listening to the personal pleas 
of Mr. Dimmiek, and they have acted deliberately and wisely. 

That Martin G. Brumbaugh would sweep the Republican pri¬ 
maries and be nominated for Governor was a foregone conclusion. 
The great majority given for him at this time makes it certain 
that he will be an extremely hard man to defeat at the November 
election. 

There will be a three-cornered contest, with Democratic and 
Progressive candidates pitted against him. But this isn’t a good 
year to preach Democratic doctrines in Pennsylvania. Nor would 
it seem to be a good year for the Washington party to create any 
serious disturbance. So many thousands of its 1912 followers 
have deserted that organization’s ranks, convinced that by remain¬ 
ing in them they could only give aid and comfort to the De¬ 
mocracy, that anything like victory would seem to be entirely out 
of the question. 

As a matter of fact, there is not a Republican,, even though he 
has been training under the Washington party banner, who can 
give one good reason why he should not support Dr. Brumbaugh. 
A man of great executive ability, a man thoroughly honest, entirely 
capable and intimately acquainted with the needs of Pennsylvania, 
he is an ideal candidate. Pennsylvania is to be congratulated upon 
the opportunity which is now hers of electing a Governor of Dr. 
Brumbaugh’s calibre. 






NOW FOR THE VICTORY. 


From the Wellsboro “Republican Advocate.” 

The results of the primary election—the first held in this State 
at which the voters chose directly their candidates for United 
States Senator—are most gratifying to the vast majority of the 
people of Pennsylvania, indicating, as they do, that there is a 
return to the rule and domination of the Republican party not 
alone in this State, but throughout the country. 

The enormous vote polled for Senator Penrose’s and Martin 
G. Brumbaugh’s nominations, in comparison with the vote given 
to candidates of the other parties, shows conclusively that this 
good old State has fully recovered from the hysteria which marked 
its actions at the National election which sent the Democrats into 
power at Washington in all branches of . the Government. 

The very light vote polled for Pinchot and for Lewis indicates 
clearly that Republicans have returned to their party where they 
belong and that they intend to rebuke the faddists and the idealists 
who have brought about such sad conditions not alone within 
our borders, but with relation to our country’s status in interna¬ 
tional politics. 

It is true that the Democrats polled a full vote which brought 
out their entire strength, but it is equally true that the Democrats 
cannot dominate in this State when the Republicans are united 
as they are now. The vote shows that the Republican candidates 
for the United States Senate, for Congress and for Governor 
will be elected in the coming November voting and that the other 
Republican candidates will also be elected. What is true of 
Pennsylvania is true of other Republican and debatable States. 
There will be a clean sweep for Republicanism in November and 
a huge protest piled up against the ruinous tariff and economic 
policies of the Democrats, with their unwarranted interference 
with legitimate business, and also against that timid and asinine 
idealism which has posed as the foreign policy of the United 
States during the reign of Wilson and Bryan. 

The people have had a taste of what Democratic foolishness 


187 


and idealistic nonsense means. They do not like the flavor. They 
are not only disgusted; they the fighting mad. They want a 
reversal of what has been given them during the present Adminis¬ 
tration and they are going to vote for it in overwhelming numbers 
in November. 

They will not be misled this time by the fanatical fol-de-rol of 
the so-called Progressives. They will not stray again from the 
path of solid common-sense and wisdom. They did so once and 
they have had to pay dearly for their action. “Qnce bitten, twice 
shy,” expresses their mental attitude at this time and there is 
proof positive of this fact in the way they cast their votes through¬ 
out the State on Tuesday. We may have to descend fully into 
the valley of gloom, doubt and despair, but there is a better time 
coming. 


THE HEAD OF THE TICKET. 

From the Carlisle “Evening Herald.” 

Penrose and Brumbaugh will lead the Republican ticket at the 
coming election. Brumbaugh had practically no opposition in the 
primaries and Penrose was chosen as the nominee of the Repub¬ 
lican party by a large majority. 

Senator Penrose is a law-maker of many years’ experience and 
unusual ability. He is the man of the hour in the present crisis 
when the industrial activity of the country is threatened by the 
near-free trade program of the Democratic administration; when 
American rights are about to be surrendered to Great Britain. 
Senator Penrose is* the proper man to send as Pennsylvania’s rep¬ 
resentative in the United States Senate. 

Martin G. Brumbaugh was nominated for Governor with prac- 
tically no opposition. He had several opponents, but he stood 
so far above either of them in all ways that he had no trouble 
in taking practically the entire vote of the Republican party. 

Mr. Brumbaugh’s great record in educational circles stands out 
prominently as the record of a man capable of great undertakings. 
He has proven his executive ability. He has wrestled with great 







problems all his life. He has solved •them. The Republican party 
feels proud to offer as its candidate such a man as Dr. Brum¬ 
baugh, such as whom there are few in the country. 


THE REPUBLICAN TICKET. 

From the Lancaster “New Era.” 

After a free and open State-wide primary election, the 
Republican party nominated a ticket to present to the voters 
for their approval at the November election. Whether or not we 
may, as individuals, have favored the selection of some or all of 
the successful candidates, we should be ready to accept the will 
of the majority which, in Tuesday’s expression of sentiment, was 
overwhelming and leaves no possible doubt that the result is the 
untrammeled expression of public sentiment. 

Probably the only name of the men chosen Tuesday to places 
upon the Republican ticket the wisdom of which selection has at 
any time been questioned is that of United States Senator Pen¬ 
rose. But doubt was dissolved by Tuesday’s result. In Lancas¬ 
ter County, where Dr. Brumbaugh’s name was accepted with en¬ 
thusiasm from the first as an ideal candidate, with no political 
enmities to overcome, it is significant that Senator Penrose, with¬ 
out the application of anything approaching the party lash, re¬ 
ceived a vote but little less than that of the unquestioned favorite 
for Governor. 

The Lancaster County vote for Senator Penrose proves very 
conclusively what the “New Era” set forth a few days ago, that 
whatever objection there might have been at one time to the 
availability of the Senator as a candidate to succeed himself has 
been put aside by a general recognition that with the present un¬ 
satisfactory condition of affairs in the country, due to the appli¬ 
cation of Democratic principles of government, a man of tried 
fidelity to the great business and agricultural interests of the 
State is needed at Washington; that our agricultural, manufac¬ 
turing and business affairs which have suffered from unwise and 
other legislation need a representative in our upper house of 



189 

Congress of knowledge-and experience, rather than a beginner 
without official standing and influence. It was this feeling that, 
in the past month or two, caused Republicans to forget whatever 
antagonisms may have existed, and they stepped up to the polls 
solidly and expressed the wish to have Senator Penrose remain at 
his post of duty. 

Of the remainder of the ticket, it is scarcely necessary to say 
that it will meet with the approval of all Republicans. The name 
of Dr. Brumbaugh is especially popular in Lancaster and will be a 
tower of strength in November. An added local interest is given 
to the ticket by the selection of Lancaster’s Mayor, Frank B. 
McClain, popular in all walks of life, as the candidate of Lieu¬ 
tenant-Governor. So, also, with Henry Houck, for Secretary of 
Internal Affairs. 

The ticket having been fairly and honestly chosen by a very 
large majority of Republican voters, it is incumbent upon all Re¬ 
publicans and former Republicans to get together and clinch a 
victory for the party of protection and prosperity at the polls in 
November. Lancaster County, along with the rest of the country, 
has been hard hit by the application of Democratic fallacies. 
Whatever grouch we may have had over our own party affairs, we 
have had more than enough of the kind of government that has 
been conducted at Washington for more than two years. Lan¬ 
caster County has had a surfeit of it. It is high time to close up 
the ranks for the march against the common enemy to the busi¬ 
ness, agricultural, manufacturing and labor interests of the whole 
country. 


RESULT OF THE PRIMARIES. 

From the Towanda “Reporter-Journal.” 

The first State-wide direct primary election has been held in 
Pennsylvania and candidates have been named for the most im¬ 
portant offices in the gift of the people. It was not an auspicious 
beginning for the new primary election plan because of the light 
vote throughout the State. The smallness of the vote was caused 







190 


by the fact that the farmers of the State were unwilling to leave 
their work, which of late has been so much interfered with by the 
rain, and go to the polls. 

Professor Martin G. Brumbaugh, of Philadelphia, has been 
named by the Republicans as their candiate for Governor. 
The opposition to him was negligible. Brumbaugh is an 
able, honest and progressive man. His career as an edu¬ 
cator has brought him prominently before the people, and he 
has shown that he possesses executive ability of a high 
order. The Republicans of the State are to be congratulated on 
having named so excellent a man for Governor, and we have 
small doubt of his election. The Washington party voters have 
nominated William Draper Lewis for their Gubernatorial candi¬ 
date, and the Democrats Vance McCormick, of Harrisburg. 

Hon. Boies Penrose has been renominated by the Republicans 
for the United States Senate by a large majority over Benjamin 
J. Dimmick, of Scranton. It was one of the bitterest fights of 
the primary campaign. Senator Penrose was clearly the choice 
of the Republican voters of the State and having been fairly nomi¬ 
nated he is entitled to their support. 


COMING INTO ITS OWN. 

From the Greensburg “Tribune.” 

With Democratic workers in every section of Pennsylvania in 
open rebellion against Democratic bossism, with the suppressed 
discontent of the many party men who have not been considered 
in the plans of the Democratic reorganizers, with the headquarters 
of the so-called Progressive party in the State transformed into a 
political trading post in which Boss Flinn is enabled to more com¬ 
pletely work out his revengeful methods, and with the Republican 
candidates making a triumphal campaign through the State the 
Republican party seems absolutely certain of coming into its own 
at the approaching election. 

The contest for the offices to be filled in Pennsylvania this fall 



is now in full swing. Senator Penrose, the Republican candidate 
for United States Senator; Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh, the noted 
educator and Republican candidate for Governor, and the other 
Republican candidates for the State offices to be filled are being 
received in every county they visit with genuine enthusiasm. 

The voters generally are sadly disappointed at the incapacity 
of the Democrats. Broken promises and pledges unfulfilled have 
been a keen disappointment to the many who were lured away 
from the Republican party in the last Presidential campaign, and 
they are determined to rebuke those who deceived them and be¬ 
trayed them to their own injury. 

The determination of the administration at Washington to im¬ 
pose burdensome war taxes in times of peace, as a ruse solely to 
cover the failure of the Democratic tariff legislation, has brought 
the voters of Pennsylvania to a full sense of their duty at this 
particular time, and the Republicans have abundant reasons for 
their belief that the people will not only rebuke the administra¬ 
tion, but will vote with all possible emphasis against Mr. Palmer 
who has had much to do with framing the disastrous Democratic 
policies at Washington. 

Under all the conditions an old-time Republican majority in 
Pennsylvania seems assured, and the Republicans are now in the 
thick of a fight with absolute confidence of success for their en¬ 
tire ticket. 


A BIG DEMOCRATIC TAX. 

From the Ridgway “Advocate/ 1 

Try as they may the Democratic party bosses cannot escape the 
wrath of the people in the matter of the enormous taxes which 
are now about to be saddled upon them under the pretext of a 
war necessity. This country is not at war with anybody, but 
nevertheless we are advised from Washington from day to day 
that the program involving additional taxes of $105,000,000 will 
be forced through. Republican leaders have been doing their 
utmost to stem the tide of Democratic extravagance at the ex- 





192 


pense of business and industry, but the Juggernaut of incompe¬ 
tence rolls on. Not even the approach of an election—which it 
might be thought would have a tendency to check the orgy of ex¬ 
penditure—has had any effect upon the hungry horde now en¬ 
gaged in the big taxation program. 

But will the House, fresh from the passage of the new tax bill, 
with the elections only a month away, be in a mood to advertise 
its contempt for economy and its violation of its platform 
pledges after the surrender of the bill’s defender in the Senate and 
the scarcity veiled opposition of the President to its reckless pro¬ 
visions? We doubt it. 

From all parts of the country are going up protests against the 
infamous plan of increased taxes when business and industry 
are lagging, but the administration leaders, indifferent to the ap¬ 
proaching storm, go on their way, laughing at a burdened people 
and striving to hide behind the European war. 

There never was a better illustration of the truth of the old 
saying, “Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad.” 


* REPUBLICANS AT ALTOONA. 

From the Johnstown “Leader.” 

Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh, Republican nominee for Governor, 
was among home folks at Altoona. In an enormous gathering of 
voters he was personally acquainted with a great many, and he 
knew the families and friends of thousands. With the exception 
of Secretary of Internal Affairs Henry Houck, Dr. Brumbaugh 
is probably the best acquainted candidate who has sought office 
in Pennsylvania in many years. Appearing on the same plat¬ 
form with Senator Penrose last night, when both received tre¬ 
mendous ovations and each delivered powerful campaign utter¬ 
ances, the Republican ticket, with these two big men, easily 
assumed national proportions. The vast audience was profoundly 
impressed with the suggestion that Martin G. Brumbaugh is 
headed for the White House, and that Senator Penrose will be 



193 


in the upper house to lead the battle there for the restoration of 
protective principles to American industries and the re-establish¬ 
ment of another era of prosperity like that which followed the 
election of Major McKinley. 

Senator Penrose touched Altoona and Blair county as inti¬ 
mately as did Dr. Brumbaugh. He recalled the fact that before 
the election of William McKinley he had been in Altoona. Nearly 
every industrial plant was shut down. The people were ragged 
and thousands of men went hungry. Many of the younger men, 
he said, could not remember the picture he had in mind, but 
thousands of older ones could, and did. It was the younger ele¬ 
ment, those who cast their first votes since the McKinley election, 
who became restless and discontented under Republican pros¬ 
perity. They decided they wanted a change and they created the 
change. It was with deadly accuracy that the senior Senator 
painted the two pictures, the one of 1893 and 1894, and the other 
of 1914. Then Mr. Penrose laid down once more the doctrines 
of protection as promulgated by Alexander Hamilton for Presi¬ 
dent Washington. His caustic comments on Democratic finan¬ 
ciering, tariff and war taxes in times of peace were roundly ap¬ 
plauded, and he received an ovation when he declared, that a Re¬ 
publican Congress will abolish every burdensome and annoy¬ 
ing direct tax established by the Democrats. 

Campaign oratory is generally regarded as a thing of the past 
in this State. But the Altoona meeting proved this untrue. The 
style of meeting and Dr. Brumbaugh were as good as the gather¬ 
ing stump have passed away and few young men can make a 
political speech that people care to hear. But the address last 
night of Senator Penrose and Dr. Brumbaugh were as good as 
the gathering of Republicans was great. The speechmaking, 
like the other events of the day, left the impression that these two 
men are men of national caliber, discussing in masterful style 
issues of national importance. 


7 




A Message from the Past 














195 


reform betrayed. 

From the Beliefonte “Republican.” 

The thousands of independent voters who placed William 
Draper Lewis on the Washington party ticket did so because they 
honestly believed he would stand by them to a finish. For the 
most part these voters might be classed as independent Republi¬ 
cans. Their platform declared unequivocally against President 
Wilson s near free trade law because it has stagnated business, 
thrown thousands of men out of employment and increased in¬ 
stead of lowered the cost of living. Had these independent Re¬ 
publicans wanted a free trade Democrat as their candidate for 
Governor it goes without saying that they would have chosen 
such a man at the primaries. They now witness their party 
leaders withdrawing Mr. Lewis and substituting on the ticket 
Mr. Vance C. McCormick, a free trade Democrat, who believes 
that the business man and the working man have no cause for 
complaint these days. Mr. McCormick happens to be a million¬ 
aire. He has never known what it means to earn a dollar by 
hard work. His great fortune came to him on a golden ladle. 
He need not worry whether times are good or bad. It is because 
of his wealth that he has been placed on the Washington ticket. 
Were he a poor man he would not have been considered for a 
minute. His barrel is intended to finance both the Democratic 
and Washington party campaigns. The motive for the deal is 
clear to all. The deal itself is a brazen betrayal of reform. 

Judge Brumm and other leading Washington party men have 
openly repudiated the deal with Palmer and McCormick. They 
spoke the truth when they stated that such an outrage would 
never be sanctioned by the voters. They tried to block the deal, 
but the tempting lure of the McCormick barrel forced it through, 
and Mr. McCormick was formally placed on the Washington 
ticket. The revolt in the Washington camp is open and wide¬ 
spread. If the Washington party shall be wiped out of existence 
in November it will be because of the faithlessness of those who 
were entrusted with leadership and control. To place a free trade 






196 


Democratic candidate for Governor on the Washington party 
ticket when the Washington party platform declares open and 
direct opposition to free trade principles is as ludicrous as it is 
fatal to the cause of reform. 

Apparently the deal is to include the withdrawal also of Gif¬ 
ford Pinchot, the Washington party candidate for United States 
Senator. The party leaders seem to hesitate only because inde¬ 
pendents over the State already are inflamed by the deal with 
McCormick. Pennsylvania to-day needs a protective tariff United 
States Senator and a protective tariff Governor, and this is the 
issue which will decide matters on election day. Pennsylvania 
never will become a free trade State while the great majority 
of her honored citizens are the men who earn their living by the 
sweat of the brow. It may become such when our mills and fac¬ 
tories and workshops give way to useless stretches of land, but 
when that comes about it will matter little for our workingmen 
will have gone to other places, the idle rich will rule supreme 
and few or less will be on hand to care. 

From the “Tyrone Times.” 

Senator Penrose is certain of election. The Republican policy 
of protection, which has always triumphed in this State, is the 
issue on which the present campaign is being waged. Owing to 
his able and consistent record in Congress, the Pennsylvania Sena¬ 
tor looms up as the most conspicuous exponent of the Republican 
protective tariff policy in the country. 

Senator Penrose finds in the general European war a reason for 
this country to maintain a protective tariff. He said that the 
great argument for protection is that it will cause our home in¬ 
dustries to become so firmly established that the United States 
would not be affected seriously by a European war such as the 
present one. 


From the Selinsgrove “Tribune.” 

An example of a man worthy of the name is furnished the 
people of Pennsylvania in the stand which Dr. Brumbaugh, can¬ 
didate for Governor of Pennsylvania on the Republican ticket, 



197 


when he repudiated the North American’s offer of support if he 
would repudiate the party which nominated him. Dr. Brum¬ 
baugh s answer was straight to the point and there was no rush¬ 
ing of words. His reply is a masterpiece when viewed in a lit¬ 
erary aspect. But it is the political aspect of the matter which 
is important to the voters of Pennsylvania. They see that their 
candidate can be depended upon, that he positively will not be 
a party to any political bargain or treachery. What he said in 
answer to the North American was simply an assurance to the 
voters that he stands for and is pledged to the same principle on 
which they by an overwhelmingly large vote nominated him as 
their party’s political standard bearer in the coming election. 

Pitiful is the condition in which the North American finds it¬ 
self to-day, after pledging support to Dr. Brumbaugh even though 
he would not betray his party and the Washington party saw 
fit to nominate “Money Bags” McCormick the Democratic party 
candidate for Governor and also the Washington candidate. 
They must have somebody to support so they follow Boss Flinn 
over to the Money Bag. Let the North American rave on no¬ 
body with any semblance of reasoning that will take them seri¬ 
ously after the latest Flinn political deal. 


From the New Bloomfield “Advocate and Press.” 

A. Mitchell Palmer, freetrader, foe of American shipping and 
wrecker of Pennsylvania’s industries, stirred up a hornet’s nest 
when he assailed the Pennsylvania Protective Union and de¬ 
manded an investigation at the hands of the Senate Committee on 
Privileges and Elections. He has got a prompt answer from 
Treasurer Campion, of the Protective Union. 

That Union was formed to get rid of just such persons as Mr. 
Palmer. Pennsylvania wants protection for its industries and its 
workingmen. Mr. Palmer wants to abolish protection; considers 
it unconstitutional; is the advocate of free trade with the closed 
mills that it brings in its train. He boasts that he was the author 
of the deadly iron and steel schedule of the near-free trade bill. 





198 

Since the Protective Union considers his attitude one that is de¬ 
structive to Pennsylvania’s interests, it is in the field to defeat 
him and all who think with him, and elect not only Senator 
Penrose but members of Congress who represent Republican poli¬ 
cies. 

To this extent the Union is a political body. But its work is 
confined entirely to the printing and distribution of facts and ar¬ 
guments devoted to the one great issue of the campaign. The 
Union offers its books to the Committee, but it stipulates that at 
the same time the immense expenditures of the Palmer-McCor- 
mick League shall be bared to public inspection. And that is an 
offer that will not be accepted. To permit the tracing of the vast 
sums that were placed through the counties to secure the nomi¬ 
nation of Palmer and McCormick would open up a scandal that 
the distributors of the funds would not dare to face. 

Incidentally, the reply of Treasurer Campion informs Mr. PaL 
mer that the Union is not composed entirely of Republicans by 
any means. It is made up for the most part of small manufac¬ 
turers, and in its membership—and fighting the election of Pal¬ 
mer—are numerous Democrats and heretofore Progressives. 

By the way, the Democratic vote that will be cast against Free 
Trade Palmer and Money Bags McCormick is going to be a fea¬ 
ture of the coming election. 


BULL MOOSE FUSION. 

From the Beliefonte “Keystone Gazette.” 

The reformation of the Democratic phalanx for November’s 
battle reminds one very much of Falstaff Mustering his Recruits. 

Dean Lewis, the Progressive candidate for Governor, has with¬ 
drawn in favor of Vance C. McCormick, the Democratic candi¬ 
date ; and by his act has revealed to all discerning minds the true 
object, intent and purpose of the leaders of the Progressive party, 
which is to defeat the principles and policies of Republicanism, 
notwithstanding their hypocritical pretenses that they are work- 



199 


ing in the interests of that party—thereby hoping to induce their 
deluded supporters to follow their lead into the Democratic party. 

Meanwhile these pharisaical puppets are going up and down the 
State shouting: “Holy! Holy! Holy! Follow us into the King¬ 
dom of Righteousness—for we alone are good !” While this is 
going on the sober, thinking people stand back and thank God that 
they are not like these men who are continually thanking God 
that they are not like other men—men who proclaim that justice 
and righteousness alone are theirs, and that all other brands of 
holiness are but imitations. 

“Oh, ye hypocrites!” 

And now, since the Progressive leaders have made a donation to 
the free trade Democrats by surrendering their Roosevelt protec¬ 
tive candidate for Governor into their hands, they will naturally 
expect something in return, and that something is the withdrawal 
of A. Mitchell Palmer, Democratic candidate for United States 
Senator, in favor of Gifford Pinchot, the Progressive candidate, 
which is universally predicted. This prediction is based on solid 
grounds. There are three reasons that will support it: 

First: By it President Wilson, who forced Palmer upon the 
Democratic party in this State, and who above all men wants 
Senator Penrose defeated because he is the most troublesome 
thorn in his flesh, will give Mr. Palmer a Cabinet position where 
he will escape the direct vengeance of an outraged public. 

Second: Because he does not want to see Palmer get a-of 

a licking, and, 

Third: Because he owes Gifford Pinchot a great personal debt. 
That debt on the part of the Bull Moose candidate was contracted 
when Mr. Pinchot, who was not able to contain himself until 
Roosevelt returned from his African hunt, crossed the ocean and 
met the Colonel at Florence, Italy, where he poured poison into 
his ear and started the wedge which split the Republican party 
and made possible the election of a Democratic President. 

Alex McClure met our own War Governor in mid-ocean upon 
his return trip as Minister to Russia and induced him to align 
himself with the Greeley faction—an act which he regretted to the 




200 


hour of his death. Roosevelt yielded to the blandishment of 
Pinchot, and the result is of too recent occurrence to have become 
a matter of history. 

The fusion of Progressives and Democrats is the last kick of 
the dying Democratic mule; and the chief mourners of the 
funeral will be a bunch of tearful penitents, some of whom will 
display as garments the skin of an elephant, the hoofs of a moose 
and the ears of a donkey. 


A REPUBLICAN VICTORY. 

From the “Oil City Derrick.” 

In six weeks and a day the decision of the voters in Pennsylva¬ 
nia as to the election will be completed at the polls. Apparently 
the tide is all in favor of the Republican candidates, but assurance 
should be made doubly sure by rallying all the Republican workers 
to the support of the whole ticket. Over-confidence is sometimes 
more fatal than doubt. While the registration so far shows twice 
as many Republicans as those of all other parties enrolled, it 
must be seen to that they cast their votes in November, and not 
rely merely upon the fact of greater numbers. It is hoped to give 
each of the State Republican candidates a majority, and not a 
mere plurality. To do this every Republican should be registered 
at the next opportunity on October 3, and afterwards see that his 
ballot is cast. 

The dissent and factional differences which have helped to 
make the Democratic party the dominant one have nearly dis¬ 
appeared. As a result of these dissensions two years ago, Penn¬ 
sylvania’s interests were attacked and its industries in large de¬ 
gree prostrated following a general election at which Pennsylva¬ 
nia for the first time in 52 years failed to give its electoral vote to 
the Republican ticket. The time is near to make amends for this 
error, and give such a victory for Republican prosperity that the 
entire country will be cheered by the news. 

The Republicans have never had a stronger ticket in the field, 
nor one that represented more fully the principles of the party. At 



201 


the head is Boies Penrose, trained in legislative practice; an up¬ 
holder of Pennsylvania’s protective policy, active and earnest in 
his devotion to the best interests of the State and Nation. That 
he will be re-elected to the United States Senate is one of the 
political certainties of November 3. 

The party’s candidate for Governor is Dr. Martin G. Brum¬ 
baugh. His record as Superintendent of the Schools in Philadel¬ 
phia, the ability he has displayed in all civic movements, and his 
clear appreciation of the public needs, made him a prominent 
character before he became a candidate for the highest office in the 
State. The enormous vote given him in the primary testified to 
the fact that the people appreciated the man. His public speeches 
and his conduct during the campaign so far serve to make him 
more popular. 

Frank B. McClain, of Lancaster county, is the candidate for 
Lieutenant-Governor, and Henry Houck, well known throughout 
the State for his long public service, is the candidate for Secretary 
of Internal Affairs. 

Representatives for Congress-at-Large are Thomas S. Crago, 
of Greene county; Mahlon M. Garland, of Allegheny; Daniel F. 
Lafean, of York, and J. R. K. Scott, of Philadelphia. Several of 
these have served in Congress in past terms, and all have been 
prominent in State affairs. 

Hon. S. H. Miller, of Mercer, is the Republican candidate for 
Congress in this district. As Judge, Congressman and prominent 
attorney, Judge Miller is well known to the people. 

For the General Assembly, Marshall Phipps, oil producer, is the 
Republican candidate for the State Senate, and Daniel B. Good¬ 
win, of Oil City, and Charles F. Halderman, of Emlenton, for 
Representatives. All are worthy of the full support of every 
voter, and the Republicans should see to it that their election car¬ 
ries with it the full strength of the party vote. 






Courtesy of “Philadelphia Inquirer.’ 


Delivering the Goods 
















































































































203 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

From the “Scranton Truth.” 

The other day in the course of an address—not a political 
speech by the way—Dr. Brumbaugh had occasion to pay a high 
tribute to Pennsylvania. He saw so much that the citizens of 
this State had to be thankful for that there was a note of elation 
in his remarks. Dr. Brumbaugh is as loyal to his State as to his 
Nation. The occasion arising, he fairly “painted the lily” in 
praising it. 

With very bad taste a Pennsylvania newspaper, which had as 
good occasion as Dr. Brumbaugh to say pleasant things about the 
grand old Commonwealth, sneered about the tribute and picked 
some flaws in it. It sought to put Dr. Brumbaugh in the position 
of making a compliment for the Keystone State because he 
thought it was in need of a little defense. 

There is not a State in this wonderful Union of ours that 
should be more a matter of pride to its residents than Pennsylva¬ 
nia. Verily, under wise Republican control, it remains the “key¬ 
stone” of the arch, for it has proved itself great, both by past 
and present performance. In every worthy movement of which 
man has record it has kept step with other States. Not only that, 
but it is the only one of the States—of the larger ones at least— 
that is not burdened with a State debt. We have swept the slate 
clear without imposing unusual burdens on the taxpayers. Cer¬ 
tainly the books show some outstanding obligations. They may 
never appear. Past experiences in such matters indicate that 
some of them will not. In any event there is money in the sink¬ 
ing fund to meet every dollar that is owed. 

But Pennsylvania, under beneficent laws, attained something 
greater than a financial triumph. It has eclipsed all other States 
in its warfare on tuberculosis, one of the greatest enemies of man¬ 
kind. In charitable work it has assumed a commanding position. 
Its educational code is one of the best in the country. In ad¬ 
vanced laws looking to the welfare of the masses it has taken 
some very long strides. In only one respect, recently, has this 




204 


great State disappointed some of its admirers. It has not been 
as liberal in its appropriations for good roads as some other Com¬ 
monwealths. That will come in time. The movement for better 
highways is gaining such strength that it cannot be denied. 

Pennsylvania, since the Republicans assumed control after the 
Civil War, has always been well governed, some muck-rakers to 
the contrary notwithstanding. It is great in its natural resources, 
its mineral deposits making mining the very first of its industries. 
It has assumed much prominence in manufacturing, too, and its 
agricultural products are very valuable. 

Therefore, there is not a thing the matter with Pennsylvania. 
It is moving steadily in the direction of greater accomplishments, 
the envy of less fortunate States. 


PENNSYLVANIA’S ANSWER. 

From the “Pottsville Chronicle.” 

The registration of voters in the cities of Pennsylvania this 
week is full of significance. It demonstrates beyond all cavil that 
the voters of all parties intend to join the ranks of the Republi¬ 
cans this year to rid themselves of the Democratic incompetents 
who have been luxuriating in power at Washington. 

The registration at Philadelphia on Wednesday showed in 
round figures about 70,000 Republican votes to a total of their 
combined vote of 15,000 for the Democratic and Washington 
parties. Here in Pottsville the Republican registration was more 
than two to one to the Democrats, and it is admitted that many of 
the latter who do not desire to change their party registration 
will vote the Republican ticket in November. 

The reason is very plain. Although our country is at peace 
with all the world, the Democrats are getting ready to impose a 
heavy war tax. The truth is that the tax is necessitated not so 
much by the war as by Democratic extravagance, by increasing 
the Government’s outlay by many millions, in order to take care 
of Southern sympathizers. Not even a suggestion of cutting 




205 


down the increased appropriations comes from Democratic 
sources notwithstanding the President admits that the revenues 
of the Government have fallen off ten million dollars a month. 
“Increase the taxes” is their cry. 

Of course, there are other reasons in addition to the above, for 
public sentiment against the Democratic party. Its surrender of 
the Panama Canal to a foreign power, and the fact that it has 
increased the cost of living instead of reducing it, as promised, 
have all contributed, to the feeling against the party in power. 

It can hardly be denied that the Democrats have shown a ruth¬ 
less disregard for their campaign promises. They cannot get 
over the fact that the Democrats promised free tolls to American 
ships and at the first opportunity violated this pledge. The same 
platform pledged that the candidate nominated should be only a 
one-term candidate. Notwithstanding this it is unblushingly an¬ 
nounced that Wilson is a candidate for a second term. 

It is not astonishing that the people are not inclined to any 
longer trust a party which shows that it has no regard whatever 
for its promises but in addition has shown itself to be incompetent 
and extravagant and having no scruples whatever in spending the 
vast revenues of the Government largely to oblige and reward 
Southern negro drivers. That is why the North is revolting. 
That is why the chances of the Democracy for continuation of the 
power it has abused are not bright. 


MR. BACHELDER’S SPEECH. 

From the “Harrisburg Telegraph.” 

N. J. Bachelder, for six years past master of the National 
Grange and former Governor of New Hampshire, having been 
elected to that office by the farmer vote of the State, gave the 
Grangers assembled at Lentz’s Grove, near Halifax, on Saturday, 
a heart-to-heart talk on the necessity of changing things at Wash¬ 
ington if farming is to continue as a profitable occupation in the 
United States. 





20 6 


Mr. Bachelder, although a Republican, took the stump against 
President Taft’s proposal to enter into a reciprocity agreement 
with Canada, and, as master of the National Grange, worked 
heart and soul against the reciprocity plan. He believed it would 
place the American farmer in direct competition with the out¬ 
side world without giving him any commensurate benefits, and 
he did all he could to oppose the ratification of such a treaty. 
Now he is working just as hard to upset the free trade Demo¬ 
cratic tariff, and his words deserve the consideration of his hear¬ 
ers as those of a sincere man who stands by his party only when 
he believes it to be right. 

Mr. Bachelder points out that the Democrats have battered 
down the tariff wall protecting the farmer, so that eggs, meats, 
corn and all manner of other products are now sold on the Ameri¬ 
can market in competition with the American articles. He showed 
that the farmer has thus been injured, but that instead of putting 
down prices to the consumer, prices are actually higher now than 
they were before the tariff was cut. Further than that, free trade 
has not brought down the cost of a single article that the farmer 
has to buy. 

Mr. Bachelder was not making a political speech at the Halifax 
picnic; he was talking as a granger to grangers. We have so long 
been accustomed to the rantings of “Farmer” Creasy, who has for 
his own selfish purposes used his position in the State Grange to 
denounce his political opponents, that the Bachelder speech is 
as refreshing as the Creasy tirades are tiresome. Bachelder comes 
to us from another State. It cannot be said of him that he is in¬ 
terested personally or will be affected in any way by Republican 
success in Pennsylvania, except as any other farmer will be bene¬ 
fited by a return to Republican principles. He has said that Penn¬ 
sylvania should elect a full Republican ticket this fall. Members 
of the Grange and farmers in general ought to give his utter¬ 
ances full consideration. 




207 


BRUMBAUGH AND HIS PLATFORM. 

From the “Pittston Gazette.” 

Praise of the most spontaneous and universal character has 
been accorded Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh for his course of con¬ 
duct in his campaign for Governor. Dr. Brumbaugh entered the 
primaries upon a platform which he wrote for himself and upon 
which he scored a triumphant victory. At the Republican con¬ 
vention in Pittsburgh he battled manfully for the incorporation 
of the principles upon which he stands in the party platform. 
Again, he triumphed by achieving a complete indorsement of his 
individual platform in the party platform. 

Since then he has visited many parts of the State, met all classes 
of voters and made speeches upon varied occasions. Every speech 
has been not only more than appropriate but so tactfully has he 
handled every situation as to win nothing but admiration. The 
result has been constant additions to the ranks of his followers 
and pledges of loyalty and support even when the gatherings have 
been of other than a political nature. 

From the outset Dr. Brumbaugh has insisted that he has no 
alliances or agreements with any man or set of men. His utter¬ 
ances have carried conviction with them by the very essence of 
truth which they contained. Every suggestion of making deals 
has been spurned by this man of impeccable integrity who has 
stood like a rock against every entreaty to swerve from the course 
he mapped out for himself. The latest evidence of his immovable 
adherence to right and determination has been his declination to 
become a party to a deal by which he might obtain the Washing¬ 
ton party nomination for Governor. 

This true Republican of the ideal type which is new to Pennsyl¬ 
vania politics and political dealers has refused to be coerced, 
coaxed or badgered into making any sort of a deal with any fac¬ 
tion or combination which would result in his going into office 
without absolute freedom to be his own Governor in his own way. 

Dr. Brumbaugh’s course in the campaign, more clearly than 
anything else, stamps him as the sort of man that Pennsylvania 






208 


needs for Governor. He has passed from his lips the cup that 
contained the bribe of powerful support if he would agree to do 
the bidding of the Flinn-Van Valkenburg clique and stand be¬ 
fore the voters still pledged to do all that is in his platform and 
unhampered by secret or public promises to do the underhand 
work for any man or set of men. 

Dr. Brumbaugh stands for local option and has said so re¬ 
peatedly and in language that was capable of only one interpreta¬ 
tion by a man with an unbiased mind. He stands for the most 
advanced improvement in the laws governing the welfare of work¬ 
ing men, women and children of this State. He is the real candi¬ 
date of the plain people and his every act has shown that he will 
be a Governor they can trust as. He will hold them and their 
interests above every other consideration once he becomes their 
Chief Executive. 


BILL FLINN FOR GOVERNOR. 

From the “Washington News.” 

The Washington party committeeman who proposed that Bill 
Flinn be nominated for Governor to fill the place vacated by for¬ 
mer Dean Lewis had a perfect sense of the fitness of things. It 
is the most logical suggestion that has come from any member 
of the Bull Moose party in the present campaign. 

By all means nominate Brother Bill. He is the Washington 
party. He is now the only reason for its existence in Pennsylva¬ 
nia. He stands for the uplift in public life, and his long and 
somewhat variegated political career could be his platform. And 
if he is named for the head of the ticket he should give himself 
permission to select as his running mate Ernie Acheson. He has 
probably given as much time and thought as any one to plans for 
the destruction of the party which kept him in office many years. 

The Washingtonian who proposed Brother Bill says, with a 
touch of pathos, that his candidate may not appeal to the “high¬ 
brow element,” but what difference need that make? He is the 
friend of the common people and, as everybody knows, he has 





209 


devoted his life and fortune to their welfare. Some of the skepti¬ 
cal ones may want him to explain his quaint, if not queer political 
methods, and there may be some queries about Pittsburgh con- 
, tracts, but these things will all be part of the day’s work. 

Let Bill run! He is the logical candidate. He is the proprietor 
of the Bull Moose party, and his name should be at the head of 
the ticket. 

There are hundreds of thousands of Republicans who would 
be simply delighted to have him accept the nomination. 


AN UNIMPEACHABLE CANDIDATE. 

From the Meyersdale “Republican.” 

Praise of the most spontaneous and universal character has 
been accorded Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh for his course of con¬ 
duct in his campaign for Governor. Dr. Brumbaugh entered the 
primaries upon a platform which he wrote for himself and upon 
which he scored a triumphant victory. At the Republican con¬ 
vention in Pittsburgh he battled manfully for the incorporation 
of the principles upon which he stands in the party platform. 
Again he triumphed by achieving a complete indorsement of his 
individual platform in the party platform. 

Since then he has visited many parts of the State, met all classes 
of voters and made speeches upon varied occasions. Every speech 
has been not only more than appropriate but so tactfully has he 
handled every situation as to win nothing but admiration. The 
result has been constant additions to the ranks of his followers 
and pledges of loyalty and support even when the gatherings have 
been of other than a political nature. 

From the outset Dr. Brumbaugh has insisted that he has no 
alliances or agreements with any man or set of men. His utter¬ 
ances have carried conviction with them by the very essence of 
the truth which they contained. Every suggestion of making 
deals has been spurned by this man of impeacable integrity who 
has stood like a rock against every entreaty to swerve from the 
course he mapped out for himself. The latest evidence of his im- 





210 


movable adherence to right and determination has been his decli¬ 
nation to become a party to a deal by which he might obtain the 
Washington party nomination for Governor. 

This true Republican of the ideal type which is new to Penn¬ 
sylvania politics and political dealers has refused to be coerced, 
cajoled, coaxed or badgered into making any sort of a deal with 
any faction or combination which would result in his going into 
office without absolute freedom to be his own Governor in his 
own way. 

Dr. Brumbaugh’s course in the campaign, more clearly than 
anything else, has stamped him as the sort of man that Penn¬ 
sylvania needs for Governor. He has passed from his lips the 
cup that contained the bribe of powerful support if he would 
agree to do the bidding of the Flinn-Van Valkenburg clique, and 
stands before the voters still pledged to do all that is in his plat¬ 
form and unhampered by secret or public promises to do the 
underhand work for any man or set of men. 

Dr. Brumbaugh stands for local option and has said so repeat¬ 
edly and in language that was capable of only one interpretation 
by a man with an unbiased mind. He stands for the most ad¬ 
vanced improvement in the laws governing the welfare of work¬ 
ing men, women and children of this State. He is the real candi¬ 
date of the plain people and his very act has shown that he will 
be a Governor they can trust as he will hold them and their in¬ 
terests above every other consideration once he becomes their 
Chief Executive. 


DEMOCRACY ON THE DEFENSIVE. 

From the “Philadelphia Press.” 

It is little wonder that the Republicans look forward with 
eagerness and with confidence to the Congressional campaign of 
this fall. Democracy has been given its opportunity to prove 
whether or not it has changed its habits from the time when 
it was last in control of the Government. That was many a year 
ago, but the memory of the conditions that Democratic rule 



brought about in the country still exists. Since that time the party 
has posed as a critic and a promiser. It has also been busy in de¬ 
claring that it had changed its old habits, and was now a party 
that could be trusted with the reins of power. 

It has had its chance, and it has failed. The same lack of con¬ 
structive ability is still in evidence. It is still the party that enacts 
into legislation the prejudice and the ignorance of its leaders. It 
has neither knowledge of business conditions nor desire to know 
the truth concerning them. It legislates for the section, not for 
the Nation: Its standards are narrow and petty, and its methods 
those of darkness and secrecy. 

The appeal of the Democratic party has ever been to the army 
of the dissatisfied. Its call has been to those who have not pros¬ 
pered under existing conditions, even though the fault has been 
that of the individual himself. It has waved high the banner of 
class. Its gospel has been to preach to the man who labors that 
his interests lie in opposing the man who employs. One of its 
foremost purposes has been the promotion of jealousy and envy 
towards the prosperous, says the Philadelphia Press. 

Thanks to an accident of politics, it obtained control at Wash¬ 
ington. From the position of critic it changed to that of admin¬ 
istrator. It was given a goodly estate to administer. When 
it came to power there was a prosperous country, one in which 
the demand for labor exceeded the supply. Wages were high, 
looms and spindles were active, there was the smoke of the 
busy factory chimney everywhere. Prices may have been high, 
but there was the money to pay them. All the world over 
there had been a raising of prices; in the United States alone 
was there the money in circulation with which to meet this 
problem. Abroad, as well as at home, the affairs of the nation 
were efficiently managed. American diplomacy was a thing 
of dignity and honor. 

There have been sixteen months of Democratic supremacy, and 
to-day the Democratic party is on the defensive. Already it is 
nearly lost in a maze of explanation and excuse. Each month has 
piled higher the abundance of material that is at hand for revers- 




212 


mg the present Democratic majority in the House of Representa¬ 
tives. The record of the administration will not stand the rigid 
scrutiny of the voters of the country. There is business depres¬ 
sion brought about by a bungling tariff, and with it a steady in¬ 
crease in the cost of living. There has been a drifting and slip¬ 
shod Mexican policy, that appears in a worse light the more it is 
understood. 

There is the offensive proposal to pay millions of dollars to 
Colombia and with it a humble apology for a wrongdoing that is 
only alleged and imaginary. There has been the repeal of the 
tolls exemption and the truckling to a foreign flag. There has 
been disturbance to business on account of threatened drastic and 
unnecessary legislation. There has been the complete break¬ 
down of the Government’s foreign policy and a lowering of its 
high diplomatic standard. 

Where will the Democratic party find the issues upon which to 
make a successful campaign? It can no longer content itself 
with the making of promises. The performance of its former 
obligations is known to all the people. On every issue that is 
alive and awaiting popular judgment the Democrats are on the 
defensive. And to be on the defensive is to enter the campaign 
badly handicapped. The Republican confidence in the verdict of 
November is certainly justified. 


THE TARIFF AND THE FARMER. 

From the Butler “Eagle.” 

Just now the Democrats are devoting their best energies to 
calling the attention of the country to the good crop prospects. It 
is not surprising that such is the case, for the promise of abun¬ 
dant crops is a far pleasanter spectacle than the view of indus¬ 
trial depression which has filled both the eye and the mind since 
the new tariff went into effect. To be sure, the promised blessing 
is nothing for which the present administration is responsible. 
The sun has a habit of shining upon both a just and an unjust 



213 


tariff, and the necessary railfall cannot be prevented even by leg¬ 
islation at the hands of a tamed and docile Congress. 

It is wise, too, to keep the attention of the farmer fixed upon the 
thought of bumper crops. It may keep him from looking into the 
records of importation and so finding out what the new tariff law 
is really doing in the things which vitally concern him. There is 
no rainbow of promise in those figures, but rather a cloud that is 
dark with threat. Products of the foreign farm are pouring into 
the United States in a great flood and of necessity displacing in 
the American market just so much of the farm produce of this 
country. The Government figures show an increase of such im¬ 
portations under Mr. Wilson’s personally conducted law that is 
astonishing, and alarming as well. 

What does the farmer think of an importation of over a hun¬ 
dred thousand bushels of corn, when during the same period of 
time under the old tariff law the importation was less than two 
thousand? How does he relish the thought of twelve million 
bushels of oats raised on foreign land brought to the United 
States in one month, realizing that for the same month of last 
year the amount brought here was seventeen thousand bushels? 
Yet those are the figures for the month of April as collected by 
the department over which Secretary Redfield presides. 

How much of a real friend to the American farmer is an ad¬ 
ministration which makes a tariff law under which there is an 
increase in the importation of cattle of forty per cent, and in 
horses of two hundred and fifty per cent.? And as for sheep, the 
percentage of increase is up in the thousands. How much of 
comfort is there to the wool grower in the fact that the importa¬ 
tion of raw wool under the new law is nearly three times as 
large in number of pounds as under the previous law, and is over 
three times as large in the value of the product? 

Where is the encouragement to the maker of dairy products in 
this country? The increased importation of butter is over two 
hundred per cent., and the increase in cheese over fifty per cent. 
Nearly two hundred thousand bushels of beans were imported in 
April, and only sixty-five thousand during April of 1913* There 




214 


is an increased importation of fifty per cent, in hay. Farm ani¬ 
mals of the various kinds are now brought here at the rate of 
two million a month, instead of less than half that number during 
the same period of last year. 

This is what the new tariff is doing for the American farmer. 
It is giving over to the foreigner a good share of the market that 
was his. Free trade in farm produce is having its natural and its 
necessary result. No amount of good crops this year can close 
the eyes of the farmers to the increased importation of products 
which he must meet in competition in the American market; nor 
will they make him forget what he owes to the party that brought 
about this condition of things. 


DR. MARTIN G. BRUMBAUGH. 

From the Clarion “Republlican.” 

The nomination of Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh for Governor 
by the Republican party is a fortunate circumstance in the present 
condition of politics. It will do much to complete the union of the 
party elements which has been going on so rapidly for more than 
a year. 

It is a candidacy without factionalism, as demonstrated by the 
magnificent vote Dr. Brumbaugh polled at the primaries, exceed¬ 
ing that cast for both the Democratic candidates and the Wash¬ 
ington party candidates combined. It gives the people an ex¬ 
ceptional opportunity to place the administration of the Common¬ 
wealth in the hands of one having pronounced fitness for the 
trust. 

In character, in ability, in experience with affairs, in knowledge 
of the State and its people, Dr. Brumbaugh is usually well 
equipped to discharge the varied and responsible duties of the 
highest administrative office. Owned by nobody, a man of com¬ 
manding force and resource, with the single purpose of serving 
the best public interest, it can be depended upon that the official 
business of the Commonwealth will be lifted to a high plane of 
usefulness and efficiency under his administration. 



215 


Nor do the people of Pennsylvania take Dr. Brumbaugh on 
trust. They know him, and from one end of the State to the 
other he enjoys their confidence. It is a sufficient pledge for the 
future that he has discharged with conspicuous fidelity every ob¬ 
ligation of public service imposed upon him in the past; that he 
has filled to the full measure of its usefulness every public posi¬ 
tion he has ever occupied; that to the public advantage he has 
broadened and enlarged the duties of every office entrusted to 
him. 

In the announcement of his candidacy Dr. Brumbaugh placed 
himself in the front line of progressive thought and purpose. He 
declared unequivocally for the legislative and administrative re¬ 
forms which are the demand of the hour. They are not matters 
of mere party concern. They are vital to all the people of the 
Commonwealth, and Dr. Brumbaugh meets every question with 
courage and conscience, with no reservation, with no private 
pledge or obligation. 

His pledges are made to the public alone, and every pledge to 
the public is guaranteed by the faithful record of the past. Such 
a candidate deserves the support of every Republican in the State, 
and as well that of all citizens who put the interests of the Com¬ 
monwealth above the interests of party. 


From the Kittanning “Tribune.” 

Newspapers throughout the country are keeping an eye on 
Pennsylvania to learn just what strength Gifford Pinchot, Wash¬ 
ington candidate for United States Senator, is able to show. It 
is the first time since the early fifties that a man established his 
residence in a particular State in order to run for the Senate. 
History records an instance of a New York man moving to Con¬ 
necticut about 1852 for the purpose of aspiring to a seat in the 
United States Senate. He was overwhelmingly beaten, where¬ 
upon he returned to New York. Pinchot’s actual residence is on 
Rhode Island avenue, Washington, but for years he maintained 
a voting residence in New York. In 1911, when the Senatorial 






2l6 


bee entered his mind, he moved his residence to Milford, Pike 
County. The first vote he ever cast in Pennsylvania was in 1912. 
After the November election Mr. Pinchot will probably re-estab¬ 
lish his residence in New York. In any event, he will be thor¬ 
oughly disgusted at the manner in which the people of Penn¬ 
sylvania treated “the stranger within their midst.” 

The nomination of Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh for Governor by 
the Republican party is a fortunate circumstance in the present 
condition of politics. It will do much to complete the union of 
the party elements which has been going on so rapidly for more 
than a year. It is a candidacy without factionalism, as demon¬ 
strated by the magnificent vote Dr. Brumbaugh polled at the pri¬ 
maries, exceeding that cast for both the Democratic candidates 
and the Washington party candidates combined. It gives the 
people an exceptional opportunity to place the administration of 
the Commonwealth in the hands of one having pronounced fit¬ 
ness for the trust. In character, in ability, in experience with 
affairs, in knowledge of the State and its people, Dr. Brumbaugh 
is unusually well equipped to discharge the varied and responsi¬ 
ble duties of the highest administrative office. Owned by nobody, 
a man of commanding force and resource, with the single pur¬ 
pose of serving the best public interest, it can be depended upon 
that the official business of the Commonwealth will be lifted to a 
high plane of usefulness and efficiency under his administration. 
Nor do the people of Pennsylvania take Dr. Brumbaugh on trust. 
They know him, and from one end of the State to the other he 
enjoys their confidence. It is a sufficient pledge for the future 
that he has discharged with conspicuous fidelity every obligation 
of public service imposed upon him in the past; that he has filled 
to the full measure of its usefulness every public position he has 
ever occupied; that to the public advantage he has broadened 
and enlarged the duties of every office entrusted to him. In the 
announcement of his candidacy Dr. Brumbaugh placed himself 
in the front line of progressive thought and purpose. He de¬ 
clared unequivocally for the legislative and administrative re¬ 
forms which are the demand of the hour. They are not matters 


217 


of mere party concern. They are vital to all the people of the 
Commonwealth, and Dr. Brumbaugh meets every question with 
courage and conscience, with no reservation, with no private 
pledge or obligation. His pledges are made to the public alone, 
and every pledge to the public is guaranteed by the faithful 
record of the past. Such a candidate deserves the support of 
every Republican in the State, and as well that of all citizens who 
put the interests of the Commonwealth above the interests of 
party. 


BRUMBAUGH THE CANDIDATE. 

From the Lancaster “News.” 

Praise of the most spontaneous and universal character has 
been accorded Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh for his course of con¬ 
duct in his campaign for Governor. Dr. Brumbaugh entered the 
primaries upon a platform which he wrote for himself and upon 
which he scored a triumphant victory. At the Republican con¬ 
vention in Pittsburgh he battled manfully for the incorporation 
of the principles upon which he stands in the party platform. 
Again he triumphed by achieving a complete indorsement of his 
individual platform in the party platform. 

Since then he has visited many parts of the State, met all classes 
of voters and made speeches upon varied occasions. Every speech 
has been not only more than appropriate, but so tactfully has he 
handled every situation as to win nothing but admiration. The 
result has been constant additions to the ranks of his followers 
and pledges of loyalty and support even when the gatherings have 
been of other than a political nature. 

From the outset Dr. Brumbaugh has insisted that he has no 
alliances or agreements with any man or set of men. His utter¬ 
ances have carried conviction with them by the very essence of 
the truth which they contained. Every suggestion of making 
deals has been spurned by this man of impeccable integrity who 
has stood like a rock against every entreaty to swerve from the 
course he mapped out for himself. The latest evidence of his im- 






2l8 


movable adherence to right and determination has been his decli¬ 
nation to become a party to a deal by which he might obtain the 
Washington party nomination for Governor. 

This true Republican of the ideal type has refused to be 
coerced, cajoled, coaxed or badgered into making any sort of a 
deal with any faction or combination which would result in his 
going into office without absolute freedom to be his own Gov¬ 
ernor in his own way. 

Dr. Brumbaugh’s course in the campaign, more clearly than 
anything else, has stamped him as the sort of man that Penn¬ 
sylvania needs for Governor. He has passed from his lips the 
cup that contained the bribe of powerful support if he would 
agree to do the bidding of the Flinn-Van Valkenburg clique, and 
stands before the voters still pledged to do all that is in his plat¬ 
form and unhampered by secret or public promises to do the 
underhand work for any man or set of men. 

He stands for the most advanced improvement in the laws gov¬ 
erning the welfare of working men, women and children of this 
State. He is the real candidate of the plain people, and his every 
act has shown that he will be a Governor they can trust. He 
will hold them and their interests above every other consideration 
once he becomes their Chief Executive. 


IS THIS BOSSISM? 

From the Chambersburg “Repository.” 

Is it or is it not bossism for a half dozen men, leaders of the 
Progressive party, to assemble in a room in a Philadelphia hotel 
and pull from the ticket a man who had been placed there by the 
expressed wish of 36,000 voters of Pennsylvania? 

Is it or is it not bossism for these men then to ask these 36,000 
voters of Pennsylvania to support a Democrat for Governor, es¬ 
pecially inasmuch as these 36,000 voters have always represented 
themselves to be Republicans? 

Is it or is it not bossism for these men to thus deprive 36,000 



219 

voters of the right of voting for a candidate for Governor of their 
own political faith? 

If those Progressives who have been so outspoken against 
bossism can stomach this kind of business they can swallow almost 
anything. The cry of bossism against the Republican party has 
been doubly discounted by the Progressive bosses. 

The Progressives were running pretty fast toward the Repub¬ 
lican party before fusion was entered into. Now they are run¬ 
ning faster than ever, and by the time the election arrives there 
will be nothing left of the party except a few disgruntled would- 
be leaders and a few disappointed office-seekers. The Progres¬ 
sives have made up their minds that Mr. Flinn and a few others 
cannot dictate to them in the manner in which they have by de¬ 
posing their candidate for Governor and in place commanding 
that they support Mr. McCormick, the Democratic candidate. 
Well, they are not going to do it. They are Republicans and they 
prefer to support Mr. Brumbaugh to a Democrat. That is why 
the remnant is flocking to the Republican party. The main army 
flocked some time ago. 


THE CALL OF PATRIOTISM. 

From the Meadville “Tribune-Republican.” 

The arrival of the month of September brings into real view 
the fact that there is a campaign of mighty importance to the 
Nation to be waged and won. From now until November is the 
open season for politics. This year it is a battle that is worthy 
of the energy and the best ability of everyone. 

The question at stake is whether the country shall say Amen 
to the present administration at Washington, or shall rebuke the 
pretensions and the performances of Democracy. The election of 
a Republican majority in the next House of Representatives, and 
the selection of Republicans to fill the Senatorial terms which end 
with this year, is to serve warning upon the Wilson dynasty that 
the era of tinkering, both with the tariff and with business, has 








220 


ended and that solvency and sanity are to rule again at the 
Capitol. 

The Republicans enter the campaign with well-justified confi¬ 
dence. A clear majority, and a large majority as well, of the 
voters of the United States do not believe that this administra¬ 
tion has shown a capacity for properly managing the affairs of the 
Nation, and are unwilling that it should continue longer in power. 
They believe that the rule of reason should be invoked by the 
Government, and that the proper voice of legitimate business 
should be heeded, not the clamor of the great army of the un¬ 
successful and the dissatisfied. 

The only question as to the result is whether this majority will 
vote so as to make its ballot effective. The only doubt in the case 
is whether there will be enough persons still clinging to an ancient 
grievance to nullify the real desire of the country. Upon whether 
the Progressive voter of 1912 is patriotic or obstinate depends 
the vital outcome of November. 

It is through the victory of the Republican party that this re¬ 
sult must come, if at all. That party is the one agency in the 
Nation to apply to new conditions the wisdom of experience and 
the efficacy of honest, zealous effort. It is the one means of 
routing the forces of unwisdom and incompetency. Its triumph 
means an end of governmental agitation and commercial unrest. 

The Republican party appeals to those who are opposed to 
Democratic rule, and to the tested and proven conditions that re¬ 
sult from it, to join in the battle. It does not ask how a man 
voted in 1912, nor his reasons for so doing. That year with its 
issues is now a closed book and a story that is told. The hand of 
plain duty points forward, not backward. 

To the man who temporarily left the ranks in 1912, for causes 
which he thought at the time to be good and sufficient, the Repub¬ 
lican party appeals to join with it in a contest in which he himself 
believes. It says to him that he is needed in the battle line, that 
there is work to do for the good of the country, and that it re¬ 
quires all, both those who remained in the party and those who 
left it, to do that work in vigorous and certain fashion. 


221 


The duty of the present political hour is patriotism. It is no 
time for the crowning of such qualities as anger or pique or re¬ 
sentment. It is not a time for the holding fast to personal greed 
or ambition. No force can march far if it keeps step to the note 
of intolerance. The campaign of 1914 is too important to be run 
on any narrow gauge track. 

It is a time for harmony and for united action. It is as foolish 
as it is futile to continue to live in any event of the past that was 
acrimonious. In the face of a united and militant enemy, simple 
patriotism demands that the inconsequential things which make 
only discord be brushed aside, and that together all those who op¬ 
pose Democratic administration, and what it inevitably means, 
shall battle under the one and only flag through which success 
can come. 


HELPING BRUMBAUGH. 

From the Waynesboro “Record.” 

Leaders of the Washington party have invited serious trouble 
into their ranks by the substitution of the name of the Demo¬ 
cratic candidate for Governor on their ticket in place of their own 
candidate, Dean Lewis. 

The rank and file is expressing honest dissatisfaction with this. 
Why was Lewis, who was such an acceptable and well-equipped 
candidate a month ago, discarded and McCormick taken for his 
place? 

It was alleged that he got off the ticket to help defeat Senator 
Penrose, but there is no sincerity about this, for the Senator is not 
a candidate for the office of Governor. 

Some of the men who have stood high in Washington party 
counsels have broken with Flinn and Van Valkenburg because 
they believe they detect a sacrifice of party to individual interests 
and because they will not give their support to this departure 
from stated principles. 

There will be a large following for these men who have repu¬ 
diated the endorsement of McCormick. It is difficult for the 





2 22 


voter to see the wisdom or the equity in the recent change in can¬ 
didates, and they will go to a candidate of whom they know and 
in whose ability and good faith they have confidence. 

Dr. M. G. Brumbaugh, the Republican candidate for Governor, 
will profit to an extent that cannot now be accurately measured by 
the peculiar politics played by the Washington party leaders. 

He stands for the principles of the Republican party and he 
stands for the best interests of the people. He will take care of 
the taxpayers and he will save them from pillage or misrepresen¬ 
tation. 

He is for every movement that leads to sane progress, and his 
platform must satisfy every voter who desires good government. 

There is nothing gained by the opposition in attacking Dr. 
Brumbaugh as the creation or the creature of any other man. His 
whole life, all his activities, his sturdy, independent character, are 
all a refutation of this. 

Dr. Brumbaugh will be his own Governor and the people’s 
Governor, and the voters know it. It is because they know this 
that they are turning to his support in such large numbers and 
will give him such a big plurality in November. 


CROWDING THE “FARMER.” 

From the Connellsville “Courier.” 

Vance Cameron McCormick, the factional Democratic candi¬ 
date for Governor of Pennsylvania, aristocratic, highly perfumed 
and of the silk stocking brand, seems determined to crowd 
“Farmer” W. T. Creasy off the Democratic ticket. 

Candidate McCormick wants a fusion with the Bull Moosers 
of Pennsylvania, and he wants to have “Farmer” Creasy, the 
factional Democratic candidate for Lieutenant-Governor, retired 
and have Dean Lewis, the Bull Moose candidate for Governor, 
substituted for Mr. Creasy. 

Candidate McCormick prefers Lewis as his running mate 
largely because Lewis is a college man. The added fact that Col. 



223 

J. M. Guffey, former Democratic leader in the State, kept the 
“Farmer” on his pay roll while Creasy was State chairman is also 
offensive to Candidate McCormick, and the negotiations for a 
fusion are being engineered at Candidate McCormick’s behest. 

Lewis, like McCormick, is far removed from the people, and 
like McCormick he represents aristocracy, and McCormick 
firmly believes in advancing only the rich and aristocratic. 

Candidate McCormick is certain to find, however, that no possi¬ 
ble fusion even in his political dreams will be effective in this 
State in the pending campaign. Those Democrats who have been 
crowded out of their party by the McCormick reorganizers will 
refuse to be delivered under any bargain or sale made by him, and 
the people generally throughout the State have found by bitter 
experience that the policy of the Democrats has unsettled busi¬ 
ness and destroyed confidence until many of them are actually 
deprived of life’s necessities. 

Torn and almost wrecked by factional fights the Democracy of 
Pennsylvania is not dangerous or even serious. The whole Demo¬ 
cratic plan in the pending campaign is to hold the Democratic 
party machinery for the selfish purposes of Candidate McCormick 
and his fellow reorganizers, and fusion would again make Demo¬ 
cracy the tail to the Bull Moose kite just as fusion with the 
Keystone party disrupted and wrecked the Pennsylvania 
Democracy only three years ago. 

The divisions in the Republican party have been due to fac¬ 
tional quarrels over party leadership, just as the divisions in the 
Democratic party have occurred. Webster Grim was fairly nomi¬ 
nated, but he was defeated by the Palmer-McCormick combination 
seeking control of the Democratic organization. Grim was 
Guffey’s nominee. Grim was defeated at the polls by rank 
treachery, and Guffey was deposed at the next State convention 
by the Palmer-McCormick organization. Measured in the 
standard’s bushel, it will be observed that the biggest blights in 
the Democratic party to-day are Palmer and McCormick. 

But the common people are not interested this year in factional 
blights. The real thing is on the country and it is their first 




224 


anxiety. They are convinced that the first step is to restore 
Republican administration of national affairs, and that is why 
they are going to vote the Republican ticket this fall regardless 
of any chattering about the little blights that politicians are 
trying to put over on each other. 

The people are sick and tired of Democratic psychology which 
gives them fifty per cent, prosperity and asks them to imagine 
the rest. 


PENROSE ON THE JOB. 

From the Punxsutawney “Spirit.” 

Senator Penrose should be given due credit for his vigorous and 
timely protest against the Senate amendment to the bill providing 
for the admission of foreign built ships to American registry for 
the foreign trade which permitted foreign ships to also engage 
in the coastwise trade. When the conference report was laid be¬ 
fore the Senate, Mr. Penrose took the floor and proceeded to 
show how the present law, permitting only American built ships 
to engage in the coastwise trade, had stimulated the shipbuilding 
industry in America and resulted in making the United States, 
in spite of the fact that it made a very insignificant showing in the 
oversea trade, the second maritime power in the world. In clos¬ 
ing Senator Penrose said: 

“This proposed bill, admitting foreign-built ships to American 
registry for the coastwise trade, is a deadly blow at American 
labor, and American labor will sharply resent it at the very first 
opportunity. The emergency that exists can be met by confining 
foreigmbuilt vessels, as the House bill proposed, to American reg¬ 
istry for the foreign trade only. If admitted to the coastwise 
trade they will seek that trade because they will be safe there 
from annoyance by belligerant cruisers and safe from exorbitant 
war insurance rates. The original motive of this proposed leg¬ 
islation will be wholly defeated unless the coatswise amendment 
is stricken from the bill.” 

As a result of the debate which followed the Senate receded 
from its amendment by a vote of 40 to 20. 




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226 


MORE FUSION. 

From the Waynesburg “Independent.” 

Those of Democratic faith are pretending to be jubilant over 
the recent intimation of Gifford Pinchot that he might be in¬ 
duced to withdraw from the Senatorial contest in favor of Pal¬ 
mer, the hand-picked candidate of Woodrow Wilson, as a meas¬ 
ure of last resort in attempting to defeat Senator Penrose. 

A few days ago William Flinn and a few other Bull Moose 
leaders, assisted by some of the leading Democrats, succeeded 
in pushing Dean Lewis overboard. Mr. Flinn, for all of his 
crooked ways, is astute and rather far seeing, and it is hardly 
likely that Mr. Lewis was withdrawn without some pretty fine 
promises to the aforesaid Mr. Flinn. It is also likely that at the 
time Mr. Lewis was taken out of the race Flinn thought it would 
be possible to induce Mr. Palmer to get out of the road and give 
Pinchot the field. Now that this seems altogether hopeless, Bill’s 
one idea seems to be to assist the Democrats. 

In the event of the withdrawal of Pinchot the Bull Moose 
party in Pennsylvania loses its identity altogether, and nothing 
will be left but the personal ambitions of a few of its leaders. 
It will then be up to Bill and a few of the other leading Bull 
Moose to ally themselves with the Democrats. This will be an 
easy matter with Bill and his bunch, for they have always shown 
a perfect willingness to ally themselves with most anything that 
nromised them personal gain. With the rank and file of the 
Bull Moose party it is different. Most of them will refuse to be 
delivered soul and body to the Democrats. They will refuse to 
stand by and see the results of the direct primary set aside by 
a few of their astute and ambitious leaders, and many of them, 
if not the majority, will be only too glad to get back into the 
Republican ranks. 

If Pinchot withdraws from the race, the people of Pennsylva¬ 
nia may expect to hear the astute Mr. Flinn professing his love 
for the Democratic candidates and all that is Democratic, but it 
is hardly likely that the Democrats will have much confidence in 


227 

William, and they will only value him for what he brings them 
at this particular time. To give Bill a front seat in the Demo¬ 
cratic .show would be almost synonymous with political suicide 
for the Democrats. 

On the other hand, Bill won t make a very good private in the 
rear rank. He must have a prominent position or he won’t work. 
Bill must also see a nice juicy plum in store for him as a re¬ 
ward for his newly acquired love for the principles advocated by 
the Democratic party, otherwise his love would turn to indiffer¬ 
ence and perhaps hate. 

On the whole, any fusion that the Democrats and Bull Moose 
may make will be void of success. It only shows the utter hope¬ 
lessness of attempting to defeat the Republican party nominees in 
Pennsylvania at this particular time. 


IT IS TO LAUGH. 

From the Monessen “News.” 

It is really difficult to suppress a titter when claims of Demo¬ 
cratic success in Pennsylvania this fall are occasionally heard. 

Never in the history of Pennsylvania politics was a political 
party so thoroughly rent with factional fights as the Democratic 
party in this State at this time. The brutal hand with which M. J. 
Ryan was beaten for the Gubernatorial nomination left wounds 
never to be healed. Mr. Ryan suffered through the vicious 
hatred of Boss Palmer and Boss McCormick wholly on account 
of his religion. His friends more than himself are certain to 
resent that gross insult. 

They might have entertained a hope for success had the so- 
called Progressive party continued as their assistant, but Colonel 
Roosevelt has practically abandoned the Bull Moosers in this 
State to their fate and William Flinn, of Pittsburgh, is now about 
all that is left of Colonel Roosevelt’s party so far as this State 
is concerned. 

With the Democracy of Pennsylvania fighting to the death 
over Federal patronage with the regular Republicans enjoying 






228 


an admitted majority of more than 300,000 votes in the State and 
the so-called Progressive party almost completely dissolved, and 
the entire country actually suffering from near free trade legisla¬ 
tion which has depressed business, wrecked confidence and thrown 
armies of men out of employment, it is but to laugh at Demo¬ 
cratic claims and proclamations in Pennsylvania. 


INDEX 


The Campaign and Its Issues. 3 

Martin Grove Brumbaugh. 10 

Boies Penrose . ip 

Frank B. McClain. 29 

Henry Houck . 30 

Thomas S. Crago. 32 

Mahlon M. Garland. 34 

Daniel F. Lafean. 37 

John R. K. Scott. 40 

Principles of the Party. 42 

Dr. Brumbaugh Outlines Policies. 53 

Senator Penrose on the Issues. 59 

Address of Frank B. McClain. 71 

Republican Party and the State. 78 

The Burden of State Taxation. 81 

The Party and Education. 88 

Department of Labor and Industry. 101 

Work of Highway Department. 120 

Benefits of Public Service Law. 125 

Conservation . 130 

Agricultural. 134 

Penrose and the Archbold Check. 140 

Safeguards Health of People. 143 

Democratic Party In and Out. 15° 

War Taxes Under Democratic Rule. 153 

Stirring Appeal to Farmers. 159 

Schools for Soldiers’ Orphans. 164 

Comments of the State Press. 166 


229 















































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